ING Bank Śląski S.A.
in 2022
Annual Financial Statements for the year 2022
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
2
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Content
Income statement 3
Statement of comprehensive income 4
Statement of financial position 5
Statement of changes in equity 6
Cash flow statement 7
Accounting policy and additional notes 8
I. Bank details 9
1. Key Bank data 9
2. Scope and duration of operations 9
3. Share capital 9
4. Shareholders of ING Bank Śląski S.A. 9
5. Entity authorised to audit the financial statements 9
6. Approval of financial statements 9
7. ING Bank Śląski S.A. Management Board and Supervisory Board composition 10
II. Statement of compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards 10
1. Changes in accounting standards 10
2. Going-concern 11
3. Financial statements scope and currency 11
4. Reporting period and comparable data 12
III. Significant accounting principles 12
1. Basis for preparation of financial statements 12
2. Professional judgment 12
3. Accounting estimates 12
4. Valuation of subsidiaries and associates in the separate financial statements 22
5. Foreign currency 22
6. Net interest income 23
7. Commission income and costs 23
8. Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result 25
9. Net income on the sale of financial assets and dividend income 25
10. Net (loss)/income on hedge accounting 25
11. Net (loss)/income on other basic activities 25
12. Factoring services 25
13. Financial assets and liabilities 25
14. Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 40
15. Non-current assets held for sale 42
16. Other financial assets 43
17. Provisions 43
18. Prepayments and deferred income 43
19. Employee benefits 44
20. Equity 44
21. Cash and cash equivalents 45
22. Taxes 45
IV. Comparability of financial data 46
V. Notes to the financial statements 46
1. Segment reporting 46
2. Net interest income 49
3. Net commission income 50
4. Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result 51
5. Net income on the sale of securities and loans and dividend income 51
6. Net (loss)/income on hedge accounting 51
7. Net (loss)/income on other basic activities 51
8. General and administrative expenses 52
9. Impairment for expected credit losses 54
10. Cost of legal risk of FX mortgage loans 54
11. Tax on certain financial institutions 55
12. Income tax 55
13. Earnings and book value per ordinary share 56
14. Cash in hand and balances with the Central Bank 57
15. Loans and other receivables to other banks 57
16. Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss 58
17. Valuation of derivatives 59
18. Hedge accounting 60
19. Investment securities 60
20. Assets securing liabilities 62
21. Loans and other receivables to customers 64
22. Investments in subsidiaries and associates accounted for using the equity method 70
23. Property, plant and equipment 70
24. Intangible assets 73
25. Deferred tax 75
26. Other assets 76
27. Liabilities to other banks 77
28. Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss 78
29. Liabilities to customers 78
30. Subordinated liabilities 79
31. Provisions 79
32. Other liabilities 86
33. Equity 86
34. FX structure of assets and liabilities 89
35. Contingent liabilities 93
36. Fair value 93
37. Offsetting financial instruments 100
38. Custody activities 101
39. Leasing – the Bank as a lessor 101
40. Additional information on cash flow statement 102
41. Related entities 105
42. Transactions with the management staff and employees 106
43. Headcount 108
44. Significant events after the balance sheet date 108
Risk and equity management 109
I. Risk and capital management system 110
II. Credit risk 115
III. Market risk 134
IV. Liquidity and funding risk 146
V. Other risks 154
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
3
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Income statement
for the year ended 31 December
Note
2022
2021
Interest income
2
7,793.6
5,131.3
calculated using effective interest rate method
2
6,843.8
5,130.6
the impact of the adjustment to the gross carrying amount of loans due to credit moratoria
2
-1,549.2
0.0
other interest income
2
949.8
0.7
Interest expenses
2
-2,463.3
-458.6
Net interest income
2
5,330.3
4,672.7
Commission income
3
2,571.6
2,265.4
Commission expenses
3
-552.8
-486.6
Net commission income
3
2,018.8
1,778.8
Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result
4
29.3
64.1
Net income on the sale of securities measured at amortised cost
5
-24.8
2.8
Net income on the sale of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income and dividend income
5
26.5
30.8
Net (loss)/income on hedge accounting
6
-39.4
-52.5
Net (loss)/income on other basic activities
7
-8.2
-5.5
Net income on basic activities
7,332.5
6,491.2
General and administrative expenses
8
-3,479.7
-2,812.5
Impairment for expected credit losses
9
-671.4
-285.3
including profit on sale of receivables
82.7
61.6
Cost of legal risk of FX mortgage loans
10
-294.3
-56.4
Tax on certain financial institutions
11
-646.9
-544.7
Share of profit/(loss) of subsidiaries and associates accounted for using the equity method
22
134.6
179.1
Gross profit
2,374.8
2,971.4
Income tax
12
-660.4
-663.1
Net profit
1,714.4
2,308.3
The income statement should be read in conjunction with the notes to the financial statements being the integral part thereof.
Note
2022
2021
Net profit
1,714.4
2,308.3
Weighted average number of ordinary shares
130,100,000
130,100,000
Earnings per ordinary share (in PLN)
13
13.18
17.74
The diluted earnings per share are the same as the profit per one ordinary share.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
4
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Statement of comprehensive income
for the year ended 31 December
Note
2022
2021
Net profit for the period
1,714.4
2,308.3
Total other comprehensive income, including:
33.2
-4,980.4
-6,799.6
Items which can be reclassified to income statement, including:
-4,946.7
-6,815.7
debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income – gains on revaluation carried through equity
-411.3
-248.0
debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income – reclassification to financial result due to sale
-15.9
-25.7
loans measured at fair value through other comprehensive income - revaluation gains / losses related to equity
237.9
-67.5
cash flow hedging – gains on revaluation carried through equity
-6,064.6
-5,566.7
cash flow hedging – reclassification to profit or loss
1,307.2
-907.8
Items which will not be reclassified to income statement, including:
-33.7
16.1
equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income – gains on revaluation carried through equity
-37.7
22.2
fixed assets revaluation
0.1
-0.3
actuarial gains/losses
3.9
-5.8
Net comprehensive income for the reporting period
-3,266.0
-4,491.3
The statement of comprehensive income should be read in conjunction with the notes to the financial statements being the integral part thereof.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
5
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Statement of financial position
as at
Note
31 Dec 2022
31 Dec 2021
Assets
Cash in hand and balances with the Central Bank
14
2,337.6
1,100.0
Loans and other receivables to other banks
15
7,204.2
3,158.4
Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
16 , 17 , 20
1,952.3
1,538.3
Derivative hedge instruments
18
139.2
250.4
Investment securities
19 , 20
48,348.2
45,519.8
Transferred assets
20 , 16 , 19
163.8
2,280.9
Loans and other receivables to customers
21
145,733.5
137,340.5
Investments in subsidiaries and associates accounted for using the equity method
22
1,624.1
1,531.9
Property, plant and equipment
23
926.5
815.4
Intangible assets
24
393.2
356.1
Current income tax assets
12
566.0
730.4
Deferred tax assets
25
1,650.1
1,115.8
Other assets
26
120.6
166.7
Total assets
211,159.3
195,904.6
as at
Note
31 Dec 2022
31 Dec 2021
Liabilities
Liabilities to other banks
27
657.7
6,216.4
Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss
28 , 17
2,203.8
1,679.6
Derivative hedge instruments
18
369.5
235.4
Liabilities to customers
29
192,242.6
170,104.1
Subordinated liabilities
30
1,643.9
1,610.3
Provisions
31
347.8
332.4
Current income tax liabilities
12
0.0
0.0
Other liabilities
32
4,427.1
2,510.3
Total liabilities
201,892.4
182,688.5
Equity
Share capital
33.1
130.1
130.1
Share premium
33.3
956.3
956.3
Accumulated other comprehensive income
33.2
-8,116.7
-3,136.3
Retained earnings
33.3
16,297.2
15,266.0
Total equity
13
9,266.9
13,216.1
Total equity and liabilities
211,159.3
195,904.6
The statement of financial position shall be read in conjunction with the notes to financial statements being the integral part thereof.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
6
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Statement of changes in equity
for the year ended 31 December 2022
Note: 33
Share capital
Share premium
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Retained earnings
Total equity
Opening balance of equity
130.1
956.3
-3,136.3
15,266.0
13,216.1
Profit for the current period
-
-
-
1,714.4
1,714.4
Other net comprehensive income, including:
0.0
0.0
-4,980.4
0.0
-4,980.4
financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income – gains/losses on revaluation carried through equity
-
-
-211.1
-
-211.1
debt securities measured at fair value through other comprehensive income – reclassification to profit or loss due to sale
-
-
-15.9
-
-15.9
cash flow hedging – gains/losses on revaluation carried through equity
-
-
-6,064.6
-
-6,064.6
cash flow hedging – reclassification to profit or loss
-
-
1,307.2
-
1,307.2
fixed assets revaluation
-
-
0.1
-
0.1
actuarial gains/losses
-
-
3.9
-
3.9
Other changes in equity, including:
0.0
0.0
0.0
-683.2
-683.2
valuation of share-based payments
-
-
-
6.3
6.3
dividend payment
-
-
-
-689.5
-689.5
Closing balance of equity
130.1
956.3
-8,116.7
16,297.2
9,266.9
for the year ended 31 December 2021
Note: 33
Share capital
Share premium
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Retained earnings
Total equity
Opening balance of equity
130.1
956.3
3,675.6
13,608.5
18,370.5
Profit for the current period
-
-
-
2,308.3
2,308.3
Other net comprehensive income, including:
0.0
0.0
-6,811.9
12.3
-6,799.6
financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income – gains/losses on revaluation carried through equity
-
-
-293.3
-
-293.3
debt securities measured at fair value through other comprehensive income – reclassification to profit or loss due to sale
-
-
-25.7
-
-25.7
sale of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
-
-
-7.1
7.1
0.0
cash flow hedging – gains/losses on revaluation carried through equity
-
-
-5,566.7
-
-5,566.7
cash flow hedging – reclassification to profit or loss
-
-
-907.8
-
-907.8
fixed assets revaluation
-
-
-0.3
-
-0.3
disposal of fixed assets
-
-
-5.2
5.2
0.0
actuarial gains/losses
-
-
-5.8
-
-5.8
Other changes in equity, including:
0.0
0.0
0.0
-663.1
-663.1
valuation of share-based payments
-
-
-
0.4
0.4
dividend payment
-
-
-
-663.5
-663.5
Closing balance of equity
130.1
956.3
-3,136.3
15,266.0
13,216.1
The statement of changes in equity should be read in conjunction with the notes to the financial statements being the integral part thereof.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
7
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Cash flow statement
for the year ended 31 December
Note
2022
2021
Net profit
1,714.4
2,308.3
Adjustments, including:
1,750.6
-1,935.3
Share of profit/(loss) of subsidiaries and associates accounted for using the equity method
22
-134.6
-179.1
Depreciation and amortisation
8 , 23 , 24
267.2
273.2
Interest accrued (from the income statement)
2
-5,330.3
-4,672.7
Interest paid
-2,050.0
-433.2
Interest received
7,410.0
5,155.8
Dividends received
5
-6.8
-6.7
Gains (losses) on investing activities
3.9
2.4
Income tax (from the income statement)
12
660.4
663.1
Income tax paid
-68.9
-1,048.5
Change in provisions
31 , 40
20.0
74.4
Change in loans and other receivables to other banks
15 , 40
-3,598.1
-566.5
Change in financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
16 , 17 , 40
-325.7
233.3
Change in investment securities
19 , 40
-502.3
5,570.0
Change in hedge derivatives
18 , 40
-5,628.1
-7,371.9
Change in loans and other receivables to customers
21 , 40
-7,918.0
-21,014.9
Change in other assets
26 , 40
177.9
4.5
Change in liabilities to other banks
27 , 40
-5,560.3
1,439.4
Change in liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss
17 , 28 , 40
524.2
148.7
Change in liabilities to customers
29 , 40
21,752.7
19,369.5
Change in other liabilities
32 , 40
2,057.4
423.9
Net cash flow from operating activities
3,465.0
373.0
for the year ended 31 December
Note
2022
2021
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
23
-149.4
-86.2
Disposal of property, plant and equipment
0.1
0.1
Purchase of intangible assets
24
-105.1
-26.0
Purchase of debt securities measured at amortised cost
-4,959.5
-1,772.9
Disposal of debt securities measured at amortised cost
4,229.0
3,154.2
Dividends received
5
6.8
6.7
Net cash flows from investing activities
-978.1
1,275.9
Long-term loans repaid
40
0.0
-702.2
Interest on long-term loans repaid
40
-24.0
-28.1
Repayment of lease liabilities
40
-101.3
-663.5
Dividends paid
33.3
-689.5
-105.6
Net cash flows from financing activities
-814.8
-1,499.4
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
1,672.1
149.5
effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
-115.2
109.9
Opening balance of cash and cash equivalents
1,377.6
1,228.1
Closing balance of cash and cash equivalents
40
3,049.7
1,377.6
The cash flow statement should be read in conjunction with the notes to the financial statements being the integral part thereof.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
8
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Accounting policy and additional notes
I. Bank details 9
II. Statement of compliance with International Financial Reporting Standard 10
III. Significant accounting principles 12
IV. Comparability of financial data 46
V. Notes to the financial statements 46
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
9
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Accounting policy and additional notes
I. Bank details
1. Key Bank data
ING Bank Śląski S.A. (“Bank”) with the registered office in Poland, Katowice, ulica Sokolska 34, zip code 40-086, was entered into the Entrepreneurs Register with the National Court Register maintained by the Commercial Division of the District Court in Katowice under the number KRS 5459. The Bank’s statistical number is REGON 271514909, and the tax identification number is NIP 634-013-54-75.
2. Scope and duration of operations
ING Bank Śląski S.A. offers a broad range of banking services rendered to individual and institutional clients in line with the scope of services outlined in the Bank’s charter. The Bank runs operations both in the home currency and in foreign currencies. The duration of business of the Bank is indefinite.
3. Share capital
The share capital of ING Bank Śląski S.A. is PLN 130,100,000 and is divided in 130,100,000 ordinary bearer shares of a par value of PLN 1.00 each. Bank’s shares are quoted on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (sector: banks).
4. Shareholders of ING Bank Śląski S.A.
ING Bank Śląski S.A. is a subsidiary of ING Bank NV, which as at 31 December 2022 held 75% shares in the share capital of ING Bank Śląski S.A. and 75% shares in the total number of votes at the General Meeting of ING Bank Śląski S.A. ING Bank NV belongs to the Group, herein referred to as ING Group.
As at 31 December 2022, the shareholders owning 5% and more votes at the General Meeting of ING Bank S.A. were:
No.
Entity
Number of shares and votes
% of total number of shares
1.
ING Bank N.V.
97,575,000
75.00
2.
Aviva Otwarty Fundusz Emerytalny Aviva Santander *
11,205,030
8.61
*) Based on the annual information on the structure of assets of Aviva Otwarty Fundusz Emerytalny Aviva Santander as at 31 December 2022; on 2 January 2023, the fund changed its name to the Drugi Allianz Polska Otwarty Fundusz Emerytalny. On 5 January 2023 Bank received from Powszechne Towarzystwo Emerytalne Allianz Polska S.A.
(“PTE Allianz”) a notification about the increased share of the funds managed by PTE Allianz in the total number of votes in the General Meeting of the Bank above 9%, following the merger with the company Aviva Powszechne Towarzystwo Emerytalne Aviva Santander Spółka Akcyjna managing Drugi Allianz Polska Otwarty Fundusz Emerytalny (“Drugi Allianz OFE”). In line with the notification, after the merger, the total share of Allianz Polska Otwarty Fundusz Emerytalny, Allianz Polska Dobrowolny Fundusz Emerytalny and Drugi Allianz OFE, managed by PTE Allianz, in the share capital and in the total number of votes at the Bank is 9.74%.
5. Entity authorised to audit the financial statements
KPMG Audyt Spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością Sp.k. with registered office in Warsaw is the entity authorised to audit the financial statements.
6. Approval of financial statements
These annual financial statements of the ING Bank Śląski S.A. for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022 have been approved by the Bank Management Board on 15 March 2023. The annual consolidated financial statements of the ING Bank Śląski S.A. Group for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022 has been approved and will be published on the same date as the separate financial statements.
The annual consolidated financial statements of the ING Bank Śląski S.A. Group for the period from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021 were approved by the General Meeting on 7 April 2022.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
10
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
7. ING Bank Śląski S.A. Management Board and Supervisory Board composition
Bank's Management Board
At the end of 2022, similarly to the end of 2021, the composition of the Management Board of ING Bank Śląski S.A. was as follows:
• Mr. Brunon Bartkiewicz - Bank Management Board President,
• Ms. Joanna Erdman - Wiceprezes Zarządu Banku,
• Mr. Marcin Giżycki – Wiceprezes Zarządu Banku,
• Ms. Bożena Graczyk - Wiceprezes Zarządu Banku,
• Ms. Ewa Łuniewska - Wiceprezes Zarządu Banku,
• Mr. Michał H. Mrożek - Wiceprezes Zarządu Banku,
• Mr. Sławomir Soszyński - Wiceprezes Zarządu Banku,
• Ms. Alicja Żyła - Wiceprezes Zarządu Banku.
Bank's Supervisory Board
On 10 February 2022, the Bank received a statement from Mr. Remco Nieland about resigning from the function of a member of the Bank's Supervisory Board as of the date of the Ordinary General Meeting of the Bank. The reason for the resignation was planned retirement.
On 7 April 2022, the Ordinary General Meeting of the Bank appointed Mr. Aris Bogdaneris to the Supervisory Board of ING Bank Śląski S.A.
At the end of 2022, the Supervisory Board of ING Bank Śląski S.A. was composed of the following:
• Mr. Aleksander Galos – Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Independent Member,
• Ms. Małgorzata Kołakowska – 1 st Vice-Chairman of the Supervisory Board,
• Mr. Michał Szczurek – Vice-Chairman of the Supervisory Board,
• Mr. Aris Bogdaneris – Member of the Supervisory Board,
• Mr. Stephen Creese – Member of the Supervisory Board,
• Ms. Dorota Dobija – Independent Member of the Supervisory Board,
• Ms. Monika Marcinkowska - Independent Member of the Supervisory Board.
II. Statement of compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards
These annual financial statements of the ING Bank Śląski S.A. for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022 have been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") approved by the European Union. The financial statements take into account the requirements of EU approved standards and interpretations.
1. Changes in accounting standards
In these annual financial statements, the Bank included the following changes to the standards and new interpretations approved by the European Union and effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022:
Change
Influence on the Bank financial statements
Changes resulting from the cyclical review of IFRS 2018-2020
Changes to:
IFRS 1 – subsidiary applying accounting standards for the first time IFRS 9 – fees in the "10%" test (to determine the possibility of excluding financial liabilities from the statement of financial position) – in accordance with the change in the test, all fees paid or received should be included, including those settled by the borrower or lender on behalf of other entities Illustrative examples for IFRS 16 – lease incentives
IAS 41 – agriculture: taxation measured at fair value measurement.
The implementation of the amendments does not have a significant impact on the Bank's financial statements.
IFRS 3
Reference to conceptual assumptions
The amendment introduces to the content of the standard references to the conceptual framework published in March 2018.
The implementation of the changes does not have a impact on the Bank's financial statements.
IAS 37
Onerous contracts – the costs of meeting the contract
A change consisting in clarifying the concept of the costs of meeting obligations under contracts, where the costs exceed the economic benefits resulting from them. The implementation of the amendments does not have impact on the Bank's financial statements.
IAS 16
Property, plant and equipment – benefits before planned use
The amendment consists in the exclusion of the possibility of deducting from the production expenses of property, plant and equipment amounts received from the sale of products manufactured at the stage of pre-implementation tests. This type of sales revenues and the corresponding expenses should be included in the income statement. The implementation of the amendments does not have a significant impact on the Bank's financial statements.
IFRS 16
Leases: Covid-19-Related Rent Concessions beyond 30 June 2021
Change in the scope of leasing modification, the purpose of which is to extend by 1 year the period of withdrawal from the evaluation of leasing modification, in a situation where the change in leasing payments is a direct consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic. The application of the amendment does not have an impact on the financial statements of the Bank.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
11
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Published standards and interpretations that were issued by 31 December 2022, but were not approved by the European Union as at 31 December 2021 and were not previously adopted by the Bank:
Change
(EU effective date provided for in the parentheses)
Influence on the Bank financial statements
IFRS 17
Insurance contracts with the extension of the temporary exemption from the application of IFRS 9.
(the accounting year starting on 1 January 2023)
The Bank's analyses show that the implementation of the amendments will not have a significant impact on the Bank's financial statements.
IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2:
Disclosure of Accounting policies
(the financial year starting on or after 1 January 2023)
Change in the scope of disclosure of significant accounting principles in the financial statements. Pursuant to the introduced changes, only the accounting principles that have a significant impact on the information contained in the financial statements will be disclosed. The practical stand attached to the amendment contains a detailed illustrative example. The implementation of the change will have a significant impact on the scope of disclosures of significant accounting principles in the Bank's financial statements.
IAS 8
Definition of Accounting Estimates
(the financial year starting on or after 1 January 2023)
Amendment to clarify the definition of accounting estimates, i.e. monetary amounts recognized in the financial statements that are subject to measurement uncertainty. The implementation of the change will not have a significant impact on the financial statements of the Bank.
IAS 12
Income Taxes: Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction
(the financial year starting on or after 1 January 2023)
Amendment specifies the accounting requirements for income tax and possible exemption from recognising deferred tax. The amendments clarify that the exemption does not apply to transactions such leases and decommissioning obligations i.e. transactions for which simultaneously are recognise both an asset and a liability. The application of the amendment will not have an impact on the financial statements of the Bank.
IFRS 17
Insurance contracts: Initial Application of IFRS 17 and IFRS 9 – Comparative Information
(the financial year starting on or after 1 January 2023)
Analysis undertaken by the Bank shows that the implementation of the change will not have a significant impact on the financial statements of the Bank.
Published standards and interpretations that were issued by 31 December 2022, but were not approved by the European Union as at 31 December 2022 and were not previously adopted by the Bank:
Change
(expected IASB effective date provided for in the parentheses)
Influence on the Bank financial statements
IAS 1
Presentation of financial statements:
• classification of financial liabilities as Current or Non- current Date,
• deferral of the application date and
• non-current Liabilities with Covenants
(the accounting year starting on 1 January 2024)
The classification of financial liabilities as non-current will depend on the existence of the right to prolong the liability for a period longer than 12 months and on the fulfilment of the conditions (covenants) for the implementation of such a prolongation as at the balance sheet date. The amendments require also to disclose the information about these covenants in the notes to the financial statements. The implementation of the amendment will not affect the financial statements of the Bank.
IFRS 16
Lease: Lease liability in Sale and Leaseback (the financial year starting on or after 1 January 2024)
Analysis undertaken by the Bank shows that the implementation of the change will not have an impact on the financial statements of the Bank.
As at the date of approval of this report for publication, taking into account the ongoing process of introducing IFRS standards in the EU and the Bank's operations, with respect to the accounting principles applied by the Bank there are no differences between the IFRS standards that have entered into force and the IFRS standards endorsed by the EU.
2. Going-concern
Financial statements of the ING Bank Śląski S.A. for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022 has been prepared on the assumption that the Bank will continue as a going concern for at least 12 months from the date of publication, i.e. from 17 March 2023. As at the date of signing the financial statements, the Management Board of the Bank does not find any facts or circumstances that would indicate any threat to the Bank's ability to continue as a going concern within 12 months from the date of publication as a result of intentional or forced discontinuation or significant limitation of the Bank’s current operations.
3. Financial statements scope and currency
The Bank is the parent entity of the ING Bank Śląski S.A. Capital Group and in addition to these annual financial statements, it also prepares annual consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS.
These annual financial statements have been prepared in Polish zlotys ("PLN"). All values, unless indicated otherwise, are rounded to the nearest million zlotys with one decimal place. As a result, there may be instances of mathematical inconsistency in the totals or between individual notes.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
12
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
4. Reporting period and comparable data
Annual financial statements of the ING Bank Śląski S.A. covers the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022 and includes comparative data:
• for the statement of financial position as at 31 December 2021,
• for items from the income statement, statement of comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity and statement of cash flows for the period from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021.
III. Significant accounting principles
IFRS provide for the selected accounting policies that may be applied. The key areas where IFRS allow the entity to select the policy and which refer to the Bank Accounting Policy include:
• selection of accounting policy to continue to apply the hedge accounting requirements of IAS 39,
• selection of accounting policy for valuation of buildings and land at revalued amount, being its fair value at the balance sheet date.
The Bank Accounting Policy complies with IFRS. Bank decisions as to the admissible policy selection are presented below.
1. Basis for preparation of financial statements
The financial statements are prepared in Polish zlotys rounded to one million zlotys with one decimal place (unless otherwise stated). The concept of fair value has been applied in the statements for own real property as well as financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value, including derivative instruments, and financial assets classified as measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Other items of financial assets (including loans and advances) are presented at amortised cost less impairment or at purchase price less impairment. Recognized financial assets that were designated as hedged items in the fair value hedge strategy, and which, in the absence of such designation, would be measured at amortized cost, are measured at amortized cost, taking into account the hedged risk valuation adjustment. Non-current assets held for sale are recognised at the lower of their carrying amount and the fair value less sales costs.
2. Professional judgment
In the process of accounting principles application to the matters discussed hereinbelow, besides the accounting estimates, professional judgment of the management staff was of key significance.
2.1. Deferred tax assets
The Bank recognizes deferred tax assets based on the assumption that it is probable that taxable income sufficient to fully realize the deferred tax asset would be achieved.
2.2. Classification of financial assets
The Bank classifies financial assets on the basis of both the business model for holding the financial assets and assessment whether under the contractual terms require solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. The detailed information about assumptions in this regard is presented in item 13.2 . Classification of financial assets .
3. Accounting estimates
The development of financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires from the Bank the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and notes thereto.
Estimates and assumptions applied to the presentation of the value of assets, liabilities, income and costs are made on the basis of historical data available and other factors considered to be relevant in given circumstances.
The assumptions applied for the future and available data sources are the base for making estimates regarding the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, which cannot be determined explicitly on the basis of other sources. The estimates reflect the reasons for/ sources of uncertainties as at the balance sheet date. The actual results may differ from estimates.
The estimates and assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Adjustments to estimates are recognised in the period when the estimate was changed provided that the adjustment applies to this period alone or in the period when the estimate was changed and in the following periods, should the adjustment impact both the current and future periods.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
13
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Below are the most significant booking estimates made by the Bank.
3.1. Estimation of expected credit losses for financial assets and impairment of non-current assets
The Bank assesses whether there is objective evidence of impairment of financial assets (individual items or groups) and non-current assets as at balance sheet date.
3.1.1 Estimation of expected credit losses for financial assets
The Bank applies IFRS 9 requirements regarding impairment in order to recognize and measure the impairment for expected credit losses on debt financial assets that are measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income.
The expected loss in the portfolio of individually insignificant exposures is calculated collectively as a probability- weighted average from three macroeconomic scenarios with different probabilities of occurrence. The final level of the provisions results from the sum of the expected credit losses estimated each year in the future till the maturity date for Stage 2 and Stage 3 assets and in 12-month horizon for Stage 1 assets, including discount.
To determine impairment (or reverse it) in the ISFA (Individually Significant Financial Assets) portfolio, the present value of expected future cash flows has to be calculated. The amount of the future cash flows is determined among others taking account information about the current and forecasted economic standing of the borrower, the forecast value of the recovery amount from collateral of the credit exposure and the macroeconomic factors.
The methodology and assumptions used to estimate both the amount and the time of future cash flows are regularly reviewed and adjusted as needed.
Macroeconomic factors
Credit risk models for the purposes of IFRS 9 were built on the basis of historical relationships between changes in economic parameters (e.g. GDP or interest rates) and their subsequent effect on the implementation of changes in the level of credit risk (PD/LGD). Until the end of 2019, changes in macroeconomic forecasts were implemented relatively slowly, smoothly moving from one phase of the cycle to another, without drastic and shock events changing the macroeconomic situation. The current economic situation caused, among others, by the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine has completely different characteristics - a sudden increase in interest rates, inflation, disruption of supply chains, further reduction of GDP forecasts. In addition, due to the effect of the aid programs for mortgage loans, the effect of changing macroeconomic forecasts was softened in relation to what would be shown by the macroeconomic indicators alone.
As at 31 December 2022, the Bank revised the forecasts of macroeconomic ratios. Macroeconomic assumptions used to determine expected credit losses are based on forecasts prepared by the Bank's Macroeconomic Analysis Office, supplemented with management adjustments where, in the opinion of the management, recent economic events have not been fully captured.
Changing the criteria for a significant increase in credit risk
In 2022, the Bank updated the premises of a significant increase in credit risk, resulting in the classification of exposures to Stage 2, in particular, a three-fold increase in the PD parameter from the moment of granting the exposure was introduced as one of the premises, and the limiting conditions for the presence of a client/exposure on the watch list were removed (i.e. all exposures from the watch list are treated as meeting the premise of a significant increase in credit risk). The estimated impact of introducing the above-mentioned changes in the premises include the reclassification of approximately PLN 2.4 billion of exposures from Stage 1 to Stage 2 and an increase in provisions for expected credit losses by approximately PLN 13.4 million.
Management adjustments
In times of heightened volatility and uncertainty, where portfolio quality and the economic environment are changing rapidly, models are undermined in their ability to accurately predict losses. To mitigate model risk, additional adjustments can be made to address data quality issues, model issues or expert opinions. They also include adjustments resulting from overestimation or underestimation of allowances for expected credit losses by IFRS 9 models.
The current surge in inflation and interest rates has not occurred in the last few years. Therefore, the historical correlation of risk parameters (PD in IFRS models) with macroeconomic parameters does not fully reflect the current credit risk of the portfolios. At the same time, as a result of backtests of models for the retail portfolio and for the portfolio of corporate clients, excessive conservativeness of LGD models for impaired exposures was identified which results of recovery period used for LGD assessment.
The introduction of management adjustments at the end of 2022 addressing the above-mentioned issues resulted in a decrease in the allowance for expected credit losses by PLN 5.5 million for the portfolio of retail clients (including PLN reversed 113.4 million due to excessive conservativeness of the LGD model and PLN recognised 108.0 million for an adjustment related to the insufficient historical correlation of risk parameters with macroeconomic parameters, which have recently changed rapidly due to inflation and changes in interest rates) and by PLN 88.3 million for the portfolio of corporate clients (including reversed 188.0 PLN million due to excessive conservativeness of the LGD model and PLN recognised 99.7 million due to an adjustment related to insufficient historical correlation of risk
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
14
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
parameters with macroeconomic parameters, which have recently changed rapidly due to inflation and changes in interest rates).
In addition, the observed negative changes in the economy related to the war in Ukraine, in particular the disruption of supply chains, increases in energy prices and labor shortages, in the Bank's opinion, are not sufficiently covered by the current models for corporate clients. As a consequence, the Bank conducted an analysis of the portfolio of corporate clients in terms of the risk of future debt servicing problems and decided to increase the provision for expected credit losses for this portfolio by PLN 84.3 million at the end of 2022.
The above management adjustments did not affect the classification of exposures to Stages presented in these financial statements.
On 29 July 2022, a statutory aid program was introduced allowing customers with mortgage loans in PLN to suspend 4 installments in 2022 and 4 installments (one per quarter) in 2023 (credit holidays). Due to the specificity of PD models, which use information on behavior in accounts (in particular in terms of timely repayments), model parameters may be underestimated in relation to the actual situation of the client. In connection with the above, the impairment loss was adjusted and part of the exposure portfolio was reclassified to Stage 2 (customers with arrears on other products or with an uncertain economic situation, e.g. with a high DSTI ratio, meaning a high ratio of debt servicing cost to income). As a consequence, the Bank decided to increase the allowance for expected credit losses for the mortgage loan portfolio by PLN 24.2 million at the end of 2022 and reclassified PLN 3.5 billion of exposures to Stage 2.
Split of management into stages and into corporate and retail segment was presented in note 21.1 . Quality of credit portfolio .
Criteria of significant increase in credit risk, the methodology of estimating expected credit losses and the related accounting rules were described in 13.12 . Expected credit losses .
Thresholds used to identify a significant increase in credit risk
Determining the threshold of a significant increase in credit risk requires judgment and is a significant source of uncertainty in the estimates of expected losses.
Thresholds of PD parameters increase in the lifetime of exposures in relation to PD at origination which indicate significant increase in credit risk are established for models based on assumed methodology. At the end of 2022 and 2021 these triggers were as follows:
Strategic clients portfolio
Corporate sales network portfolio
Strategic clients portfolio
Corporate sales network portfolio
Strategic clients portfolio
Relative threshold
1
1
0.5
0.7
1
Absolute threshold
100 bp
250 bp
75 bp
350 bp
100 bp
Absolute threshold – indicates maximum difference between PD at the reporting date and PD at initial recognition which triggers classification to Stage 2
Relative threshold – indicates the maximum measure of the relationship between the PD as at the reporting date and the PD from the initial recognition of the exposure, taking into account the scaling factor determined at the level of a particular exposure, based on the PD from the initial recognition, beyond which the asset is classified to Stage 2.
In addition, in the third quarter of 2022, a new condition for identifying a significant increase in credit risk was added - a three-fold increase in the PD parameter from the moment of granting the exposure.
Different levels of triggers depending of the portfolio result from different characteristics of these portfolio and depend, among others, on the level of average default rates for specific portfolio.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
15
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Sensitivity analysis of expected credit losses on assumed PD threshold
In order to show the sensitivity of expected losses to the level of the adopted PD threshold, the Bank estimated the allowances for expected losses in Stages 1 and 2 with the following assumptions:
• all these financial assets would be below the PD threshold and assigned 12-month expected losses and
• all of these assets would exceed this PD threshold and have lifetime expected losses assigned to them.
These estimates show, as at 31 December 2022, respectively lower expected losses for assets in Stages 1 and 2 by approximately PLN 250 million (including PLN 160 million for the corporate portfolio and PLN 90 million for the retail portfolio) or higher by approximately PLN 810 million (respectively PLN 420 million for the corporate portfolio and PLN 390 million for the retail portfolio).
Estimates made as at 31 December 2021 showed hypothetical expected losses lower for assets in Stages 1 and 2, respectively, by approx. PLN 165 million (including PLN 95 million for the corporate portfolio and PLN 70 million for the retail portfolio) or higher by approx. PLN 850 million (respectively PLN 355 million for the corporate portfolio and PLN 495 million for the retail portfolio).
Macroeconomic forecasts and probability weights applied to each of macroeconomic scenarios
Below are presented the macroeconomic forecasts of of key factors adopted as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 and the deviations of expected losses in the upside, baseline and negative scenarios from the reported expected losses, weighted by the probability of the scenarios - broken down into corporate, retail and for the entire loan portfolio. In 2021, the analysis assumed that the time horizon for calculating the expected losses of 12 months or the entire lifetime of the exposure, respectively, would remain unchanged. In 2022, the analysis took into account changes in the time horizon of expected losses resulting from the macroeconomic scenarios used in the analysis. The presented deviations from reported losses do not take into account the impact of management adjustments described earlier. The macroeconomic assumptions used to determine these deviations for the baseline scenario are based on forecasts prepared by the Bank's Macroeconomic Analysis Office, with forward curves as at the end of the year adopted for interest rates.
The tables on the next pages present the results of the analysis of changes in exposure in Stages and changes in the coverage of provisions jointly for the entire loan portfolio and separately for the corporate and retail portfolios. The results of the analysis for 2021 do not take into account changes in the time horizon of expected losses resulting from the macroeconomic scenarios used in the analysis.
Both for the entire loan portfolio and its corporate and retail parts, the selective application of the negative scenario with a weight of 100% results in a significant increase in the level of provisions in all Stages (1/2/3). The average increase in the write-down on the entire portfolio, on a consolidated basis, is approximately 21% compared to the averaged scenario used to calculate the write-offs for 2022. The increase in write-downs in this scenario is caused mainly by a drastic decline in GDP and a moderate increase in the unemployment rate. The decrease in the interest rate expected in this scenario (from 8% to approximately 5% over a 3-year horizon) reduces the credit burden of customers and, as a result, partially mitigates the effect of the decline in GDP.
Similar results in terms of the impact of macroeconomic variables can be observed in the case of the 100% positive scenario.
If a 100% weighting was applied to the baseline scenario, there would be a decrease in provisions by approximately 5% for the entire portfolio (4% for the corporate portfolio and 6% for the retail portfolio).
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
16
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2022
Total portfolio
Expected losses weighted by probability – deviation from losses reported in %
Reported expected losses
(collective assessment in Stage 1, 2 and 3)
2023
2024
2025
Total
by Stages
Change in the share of Stage 2 in relation to the entire portfolio in %
Weight assigned to the scenario to determine the reported expected losses
Total
by Stages
GDP
4.2%
4.3%
5.2%
Unemployment
2.1%
2.2%
1.8%
Real estate price index
2.1%
3.9%
5.0%
Upside scenario
3 months’ interest rate
10.2%
10.2%
9.9%
-9%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
-26%
-16%
-2%
-17%
20%
GDP
1.5%
3.3%
3.5%
Unemployment
3.1%
2.9%
2.8%
Real estate price index
0.3%
2.5%
3.2%
Baseline scenario
3 months’ interest rate
8.0%
7.3%
7.1%
-5%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
4%
-20%
0%
-17%
60%
GDP
-2.8%
1.1%
1.5%
Unemployment
4.6%
5.9%
6.9%
Real estate price index
-5.1%
0.6%
1.2%
Negative scenario
3 months’ interest rate
6.7%
5.4%
4.6%
21%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
17%
63%
3%
104%
20%
2,256.6
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
408.3
783.8
1,064.5
2021
Total portfolio
Expected losses not weighted by probability – deviation from losses reported in %
Reported expected losses
(collective assessment in Stage 1, 2 and 3)
2022
2023
2024
Total
by Stages
Weight assigned to the scenario to determine the reported expected losses
Total
by Stages
GDP
6.6%
6.0%
5.5%
Unemployment
1.9%
1.9%
1.8%
Real estate price index
7.8%
6.3%
6.5%
Upside scenario
3 months’ interest rate
3.0%
3.0%
3.0%
-11%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
-35% -22% -3%
20%
GDP
4.5%
4.2%
3.4%
Unemployment
2.8%
2.6%
2.6%
Real estate price index
2.4%
2.4%
2.4%
Baseline scenario
3 months’ interest rate
3.9%
3.5%
3.3%
-3%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
-15% -4% 0%
60%
GDP
-0.5%
2.7%
1.7%
Unemployment
4.2%
5.6%
6.9%
Real estate price index
0.3%
2.5%
2.5%
Negative scenario
3 months’ interest rate
2.2%
1.8%
1.7%
11%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
56% 16% 2%
20%
2,053.6
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
299.8 361.5 1,392.3
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
17
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2022
Corporate portfolio
Expected losses weighted by probability – deviation from losses reported in %
Reported expected losses
(collective assessment in Stage 1, 2 and 3)
2023
2024
2025
Total
by Stages
Change in the share of Stage 2 in relation to the entire portfolio in %
Weight assigned to the scenario to determine the reported expected losses
Total
by Stages
GDP
4.2%
4.3%
5.2%
Unemployment
2.1%
2.2%
1.8%
Real estate price index
2.1%
3.9%
5.0%
Upside scenario
3 months’ interest rate
10.2%
10.2%
9.9%
-13%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
-45%
-20%
-2%
-20%
20%
GDP
1.5%
3.3%
3.5%
Unemployment
3.1%
2.9%
2.8%
Real estate price index
0.3%
2.5%
3.2%
Baseline scenario
3 months’ interest rate
8.0%
7.3%
7.1%
-4%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
-15%
-6%
0%
-7%
60%
GDP
-2.8%
1.1%
1.5%
Unemployment
4.6%
5.9%
6.9%
Real estate price index
-5.1%
0.6%
1.2%
Negative scenario
3 months’ interest rate
6.7%
5.4%
4.6%
32%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
29%
90%
3%
129%
20%
1,221.0
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
213.9
488.5
518.6
Retail portfolio
Expected losses weighted by probability – deviation from losses reported in %
Reported expected losses
(collective assessment in Stage 1, 2 and 3)
2023
2024
2025
Total
by Stages
Change in the share of Stage 2 in relation to the entire portfolio in %
Weight assigned to the scenario to determine the reported expected losses
Total
by Stages
GDP
4.2%
4.3%
5.2%
Unemployment
2.1%
2.2%
1.8%
Real estate price index
2.1%
3.9%
5.0%
Upside scenario
3 months’ interest rate
10.2%
10.2%
9.9%
-4%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
-5%
-10%
-2%
-4%
20%
GDP
1.5%
3.3%
3.5%
Unemployment
3.1%
2.9%
2.8%
Real estate price index
0.3%
2.5%
3.2%
Baseline scenario
3 months’ interest rate
8.0%
7.3%
7.1%
-6%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
25%
-42%
-1%
-55%
60%
GDP
-2.8%
1.1%
1.5%
Unemployment
4.6%
5.9%
6.9%
Real estate price index
-5.1%
0.6%
1.2%
Negative scenario
3 months’ interest rate
6.7%
5.4%
4.6%
8%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
4%
21%
4%
9%
20%
1,035.6
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
194.4
295.3
545.9
2021
Corporate portfolio
Expected losses not weighted by probability – deviation from losses reported in %
Reported expected losses
(collective assessment in Stage 1, 2 and 3)
2022
2023
2024
Total
by Stages
Weight assigned to the scenario to determine the reported expected losses
Total
by Stages
GDP
6.6%
6.0%
5.5%
Unemployment
1.9%
1.9%
1.8%
Real estate price index
7.8%
6.3%
6.5%
Upside scenario
3 months’ interest rate
3.0%
3.0%
3.0%
-17%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
-56% -28% -4%
20%
GDP
4.5%
4.2%
3.4%
Unemployment
2.8%
2.6%
2.6%
Real estate price index
2.4%
2.4%
2.4%
Baseline scenario
3 months’ interest rate
3.9%
3.5%
3.3%
-5%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
-25% -5% 0%
60%
GDP
-0.5%
2.7%
1.7%
Unemployment
4.2%
5.6%
6.9%
Real estate price index
0.3%
2.5%
2.5%
Negative scenario
3 months’ interest rate
2.2%
1.8%
1.7%
20%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
98% 23% 1%
20%
1,134.5
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
190.5 219.3 724.7
Retail portfolio
Expected losses not weighted by probability – deviation from losses reported in %
Reported expected losses
(collective assessment in Stage 1, 2 and 3)
2022
2023
2024
Total
by Stages
Weight assigned to the scenario to determine the reported expected losses
Total
by Stages
GDP
6.6%
6.0%
5.5%
Unemployment
1.9%
1.9%
1.8%
Real estate price index
7.8%
6.3%
6.5%
Upside scenario
3 months’ interest rate
3.0%
3.0%
3.0%
-5%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
-10% -14% -2%
20%
GDP
4.5%
4.2%
3.4%
Unemployment
2.8%
2.6%
2.6%
Real estate price index
2.4%
2.4%
2.4%
Baseline scenario
3 months’ interest rate
3.9%
3.5%
3.3%
0%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
-1% -1% 0%
60%
GDP
-0.5%
2.7%
1.7%
Unemployment
4.2%
5.6%
6.9%
Real estate price index
0.3%
2.5%
2.5%
Negative scenario
3 months’ interest rate
2.2%
1.8%
1.7%
2%
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
3% 6% 2%
20%
919.2
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
109.4 142.2 667.6
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
18
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
3.1.2 Impairment of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
The assessment in this respect is based on the estimation of the recoverable value of the asset, which is the value in use or the value of sales less direct costs of sale, depending on which of the above-mentioned values at the time of the review is higher.
The value in use of an asset (or a cash-generating unit when the recoverable amount of an asset item forming joint assets cannot be determined) is estimated, among others, through adoption of estimate assumptions for amounts, times of future cash flows which the Bank may generate from a given fixed asset (or a cash-generating unit) and other factors. To determine the value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value at pre-tax discount rate, which reflects the current market expectations as regards value of money and the specific risk of a given assets item.
When estimating the fair value less costs of sale, the Bank makes use of relevant market data available or valuations made by independent appraisers, which, in principle, are also based on estimates.
The relevant recording rules were delineated in Chapter III. Significant accounting principles , in item 14.4 . Impairment of other non-financial assets .
Detailed information on the impairment test in relation to goodwill is presented in additional note 24 . Intangible assets .
3.2. Deferred tax asset for unused tax loss
The Bank recognizes a deferred tax asset for deductible temporary differences and unsettled tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible differences can be offset and tax losses settled. Based on the forecast of the Bank's tax results for the years 2023-2026, it was estimated that the Bank will generate sufficient taxable income to reduce the tax base by the full amount of the tax loss. Therefore, the Bank recognized the full amount of the tax loss in the deferred tax asset. At the end of 2022, the deferred tax asset related to unsettled tax losses amounted to PLN 1,034.5 million (PLN 517.3 million at the end of 2021).
3.3. Measurement of financial instruments not quoted in active markets
The fair value of financial instruments not quoted in active markets is measured using valuation models. For non- option derivatives, the models based on discounted cash flows apply. Options are measured using appropriate option valuation models. Valuation models used by the Bank are verified prior to their usage.
As a rule, in models the Bank uses observable data from active markets. However, in certain circumstances, to choose the right valuation parameter, the Bank makes an estimate by comparing a given instrument to another one present in another market but having similar or identical features. Application of the prudence principle requiring to choose the lower value of assets and the higher value of liabilities as being more probable – especially in the conditions of lower liquidity or/and volatility in financial markets – is fundamental in the valuation made under this approach. Change of assumptions concerning these factors may impact valuation of some financial instruments.
Sensitivity analysis of the valuation of financial instruments not listed on active markets is presented in additional note 36 . Fair value .
3.4. Provisions for retirement and pension benefit
The Bank establishes the provisions for retirement and pension benefit in accordance with IAS 19. The provision for retirement and pension benefit awarded as part of the benefits under the Labour Code regulations is calculated using the actuarial method by an independent actuary as the present value of the future long-term Bank’s obligations towards its employees considering the headcount and payroll status as at the update date.
The provisions are calculated based on a range of assumptions, relating to both discount rates and projected salary rises as well as to staff rotation, death risk and others. The assumptions are verified as at the end of the accounting year.
The tables below show the sensitivity of the model to the values of each assumption as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021. The value of pension provisions recognised in the Bank’s books as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, respectively, is presented as a base variant.
Assumptions adopted for the valuation:
• discount rate – 7.00%,
• long-term wage growth rate – 5.70%.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
19
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
2022
Provisions for retirement and pension benefit (in PLN million)
lower bracket
base variant
upper bracket
Discount rate (+ 1% / base variant / – 1%)
63.9
70.2
77.5
Deviation from the assumed dynamics of changes in salaries (- 0.5% / base variant / +0.5%)
66.5
70.2
74.0
2021
Provisions for retirement and pension benefit (in PLN million)
lower bracket
base variant
upper bracket
Discount rate (+ 1% / base variant / – 1%)
62.2
69.4
77.7
Deviation from the assumed dynamics of changes in salaries (- 0.5% / base variant / +0.5%)
65.3
69.4
73.6
3.5. Lease period for perpetual contracts
The lease period was determined taking into account the option of extension and shortening available in the concluded contracts, if the option is likely to be used. In the case of contracts concluded for an indefinite period with the option of termination for both parties to the contract, the Bank assessed whether there are significant costs of withdrawal from the contract. The contracts for an indefinite period owned by the Bank are primarily property lease contracts. If there are no significant costs, the notice period for both parties to the contract has been set as the lease period. If the costs of leaving the contract are significant, the Bank has adopted a period of 4 years as the lease period. The adopted period results from the strategy of physical presence in a given location, ensuring flexibility and business efficiency, and taking into account changing expectations and preferences of the customers.
The adopted estimates do not have a significant impact on the value of assets under the right of use. As at 31 December 2022, a change in the lease term by 1 year results in a change in the value of assets by approx. PLN 7.3 million (approx. PLN 6 million as at 31 December 2021).
3.6. Write-downs and portfolio provisions related to the portfolio of mortgage loans indexed to the CHF exchange rate
As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 the Bank had receivables under CHF-indexed retail mortgage loans. The table below presents the number and individual elements of the gross and net balance sheet value of these receivables.
2022
2021
number of contracts (in pieces)
3,318
3,920
capital balance
719.0
825.9
the amount of the adjustment to the gross carrying amount
-581.6
-345.6
other elements of the gross carrying amount (interest, ESP)
2.1
2.2
gross balance sheet value
139.5
482.5
impairment for expected credit losses
-16.2
-13.7
number of contracts (in pieces)
123.3
468.8
In addition, with regard to financial assets related to CHF-indexed mortgage loans removed from the statement of financial position, a provision of PLN 53.7 million was recognized as at 31 December 2022 (PLN 37.6 million as at 31 December 2021). The provision for legal risk of mortgage loans indexed to CHF for repaid loans is presented in liabilities under Provisions (explanatory note 31 ).
As at 31 December 2022, the number of mortgage loan agreements indexed to CHF, removed from the statement of financial position, excluding agreements closed as a result of annulment of the agreement by the court or as a result of conversion into PLN loans, in connection with the settlement (more on the settlement program in the note explanatory 31 . Provision ) amounted to PLN 2,373 (2,210 as at 31 December 2021), and the corresponding release amount was PLN 342.9 million (PLN 319.8 million as at 31 December 2021).
As at 31 December 2022, 1,041 court cases were pending against the Bank (755 cases at the end of 2021). As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding principal of CHF-indexed mortgage loans recognized in the statement of financial position to which the proceedings concerned amounted to PLN 251.8 million (PLN 197.8 million at the end of 2021). By 31 December 2022, 198 court cases ended with final court judgments.
Changes during the period concerning the estimate of the adjustment/provision for legal risk both for loans in the Bank’s portfolio and for repaid loans are presented by the Bank in the income statement under Cost of legal risk of FX mortgage loans (note 10 ).
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
20
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
The following table presents the change in 2022 and 2021:
− in gross carrying amount adjustments for CHF-indexed mortgage loans recognised in the statement of financial position, and
− in provision for CHF-indexed mortgage loans derecognised from the statement of financial position.
2022
2021
an adjustment to the gross carrying amount for loans recognized in the statement of financial position
provision for loans derecognised from the statement of financial position (repaid)
an adjustment to the gross carrying amount for loans recognized in the statement of financial position
provision for loans derecognised from the statement of financial position (repaid)
Balance at the beginning of the period
345.6
37.6
300.0
11.8
Changes in the period, including:
236.0
16.1
45.6
25.8
provisions recognised/ reversed
271.5
21.4
35.2
13.2
reclassification due to full repayment of loans
-3.0
3.0
-14.3
14.3
utilisation, including from settlements
-82.0
-8.3
-22.2
-1.7
FX differences
49.5
-
46.9
-
Balance at the end of the period
581.6
53.7
345.6
37.6
The amount of the gross carrying amount adjustment due to the legal risk of the CHF-indexed mortgage portfolio recognised in the report on the financial standing and the amount of provisions for legal risk of CHF-indexed mortgage loans that have already been removed from the report on the financial standing depends on a number of variables, i.e. the scale of settlement agreements with the borrowers, the forecasted number of future disputes, possible future outcomes, ending with an annulment judgment and the probability distribution of various scenarios.
As at 31 December 2022, a portfolio approach was used to estimate the gross carrying amount adjustment related to the portfolio of CHF-indexed mortgage loans included in the statement of financial position and to estimate the provision for CHF-indexed mortgage assets removed from the report resulting from legal risk related to these credits.
The adjustment to the gross carrying amount of the CHF portfolio is intended to reflect the actual and expected changed contractual cash flows (this approach stems from the fact that the legal risk associated with the CHF- indexed mortgage portfolio changes the estimate of the payments on these assets and the introduction of the adjustment to the gross carrying amount will allow the gross carrying amount to be presented at a value that reflects the actual and expected changed contractual cash flows).
For financial assets already removed from the statement of financial position, the recognition of provisions for legal risk on a portfolio basis results from the assessment of the probability of an outflow of cash.
At 31 December 2021, potential losses from legal risk are estimated as a probability-weighted average of the three scenarios – baseline, positive and negative – taking into account the estimated probability of occurrence. The scenarios on which the estimation is based are varied in terms of the expected number of court cases (calculated on the basis of the Bank's professional judgment resulting from the Bank's previous experience and analysis of the current market situation in cases ended with an annulment judgment), as well as the scale of settlements with clients expected by the Bank.
As at 31 December 2022, for the portfolio of CHF-indexed mortgages included in the statement of financial position, the Bank assumes in each scenario that for a specific part of the portfolio, the following may occur:
1) cancellation of the loan agreement at the end of the final judicial proceedings or
2) conversion of loans from CHF-indexed to PLN-denominated loans (whose interest rate is based on the WIBOR rate) through voluntary settlements.
Calculation of losses in the case of conversion of loans indexed to CHF into loans denominated in PLN through voluntary settlements was made in accordance with current estimates and terms of settlements offered by the Bank together with the right to remuneration. This solution, depending on the scenario, covers from 5% to 15% of the portfolio of CHF-indexed mortgage loans recognized in the statement of financial position.
The calculation of losses in the event of annulment of the loan agreement is based on the assumption that the Bank will return the installments to the customer and return the principal of the loan granted to the Bank by the customer, without taking into account the Bank's recovery of remuneration for the borrower's use of the capital. This solution, depending on the scenario, covers from 64% to 79% of the portfolio of CHF-indexed mortgage loans recognized in the statement of financial position Positive, baseline and negative scenarios differ in the number of disputes and the size of the portfolio covered by settlements, and the weights of individual scenarios are equal.
As at 31 December 2022, for financial assets already removed from the statement of financial position, the Bank assumes in each of the scenarios that for a specific part of the portfolio, the loan agreement may be invalidated after the end of final court proceedings. The calculation of losses in the event of annulment of a loan agreement is analogous to the one in the case of the portfolio of CHF-indexed mortgage loans recognized in the statement of financial position. This solution, depending on the scenario, covers from 20% to 30% of financial assets already removed from the statement of financial position. Positive, baseline and negative scenarios differ in assumptions regarding the number of disputes, and the weights of individual scenarios are equal.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
21
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
The change in the estimate due to the adjustment of the gross carrying amount for mortgage loans indexed to CHF recognized in the statement of financial position and the provision for financial assets already removed from the statement of financial position in 2022 compared to their balance as at 31 December 2021 resulted, among others, from from an increase in the assumed number of disputes ending in annulment of the agreement and a decrease in the expected number of settlements, and an increase in the CHF/PLN exchange rate. The change in the assumption regarding the lack of consideration of remuneration for the use of capital also had a significant impact.
The main source of uncertainty for the estimates described above is the number of disputes and the willingness of customers to conclude settlements in accordance with the program offered by the Bank.
At 31 December 2022:
• change in the share of the portfolio of loans covered by voluntary settlements by +/- 5 p.p. at the expense of the share of the portfolio of loans not affected by the loss, would result in a change in the level of adjustment of the gross carrying amount for CHF-indexed mortgage loans recognized in the statement of financial position by +/- PLN 21 million (compared to +/- PLN 21 million as at 31 December 2021),
• change in the share of the loan portfolio affected by the cancellation of the loan agreement by +/- 5 p.p. at the expense of the share of the portfolio of loans not affected by the loss, it would result in a change in the level of adjustment of the gross carrying amount for CHF-indexed mortgage loans recognized in the statement of financial position by PLN +/- 38 million (compared to PLN +/- 43 million as at 31 December 2021),
• change in the share of the portfolio of loans covered by voluntary settlements at the expense of the share of the portfolio of loans affected by the cancellation of the loan agreement by +/- 5 p.p. would result in a change in the level of adjustment to the gross carrying amount for CHF-indexed mortgage loans recognized in the statement of financial position by +/- PLN 18 million (compared to +/- PLN 22 million as at 31 December 2021),
• change in the share of loans removed from the financial statements affected by the cancellation of the loan agreement at the expense of the share of loans removed from the financial statements not affected by the loss by +/- 5 p.p. would result in a change in the legal risk provision for CHF-indexed mortgage loans already removed from the statement of financial position by PLN +/- 11 million (compared to PLN +/-9 million as at 31 December 2021).
As at 31 December 2022, provisions for expected credit losses for the portfolio of CHF-indexed mortgage loans resulting from the recognition of these loans in Stage 1 amounted to PLN 1.0 million, PLN 8.9 million in Stage 2 and PLN 6.3 million in Stage 3. For comparison, as at 31 December 2021, write-downs resulting from the recognition of
the aforementioned loans in Stage 1 amounted to PLN 0.3 million, PLN 5.8 million in Stage 2 and PLN 7.8 million in Stage 3.
3.7. Adjustment of the gross carrying amount of mortgage loans in PLN due to credit moratoria
In 2022, the President of the Republic of Poland signed the law on crowdfunding for business ventures and assistance to borrowers . It introduced, among other for borrowers with a mortgage loan in PLN, the option to suspend the repayment of up to 8 monthly mortgage installments - two in each quarter of the second half of 2022 and one in each quarter of 2023 ("moratoria", "credit holidays"). As a result of the change in law, the Bank recognized an adjustment to the gross carrying amount of mortgage loans in PLN. The amount of the adjustment, amounting to PLN 1,549.2 million as at 31 December 2022, presented in the line Impact of adjustment to the gross carrying amount of loans under loan moratoria , was determined as the difference between the present value of estimated cash flows resulting from loan agreements, taking into account the suspension of installment payments, and the gross current carrying amount of the loan portfolio, taking into account the percentage of customers who will suspend the repayment of installments.
In the second half of 2022, on average 63% of the portfolio of mortgage loans in PLN was covered by credit holidays (in terms of value in relation to the entire portfolio that meets the criteria required to take advantage of credit holidays). The indicator was defined as the average customer interest in holidays based on four periods in which customers could take advantage of credit holidays. As at 31 December 2022, the Bank assumed in its estimates that in 2023, customer interest in terms of value would amount to 75% in the first half of the year and 77.5% in the second half of 2023.
The estimated percentage of customer interest is the main parameter that affects the value of the adjustment. Change in the estimated percentage of customers by +/- 5 p.p. throughout 2023 would result in a change in the amount of the adjustment by approximately +/- PLN 60 million.
At the end of 2022, mortgage loans in PLN covered by credit holidays in more than 87% (in terms of value) were in Stage 1.
3.8. Returns of part of the cost of credit resulting from prepayments of consumer loans
On 11 September 2019, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) announced a judgment in the case of the question referred by the Lublin-Wschód District Court for a preliminary ruling regarding the interpretation of Art. 16 clause 1 of Directive 2008/48 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 on consumer credit agreements. The Consumer Credit Act (UKK) in force in Poland contains in Art. 49 analogous provision, which up to
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
22
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
2016 had no interpretation doubts, and banks, as a rule, charging a commission for granting a loan, did not refund its client in the event of early repayment (except for withdrawal from the contract). Discussion on the interpretation of Art. 49 UKK started UOKiK by issuing a joint position with the Financial Ombudsman in 2016. The judgment of the CJEU resolves this issue in such a way that in the event of early repayment of consumer credit, banks should:
• reduce the total cost of the loan along with all its components (e.g. fees, commission, insurance),
• make a proportional reimbursement of these costs, i.e. the reimbursement should cover the period from the date of actual repayment of the loan to the date of final repayment specified in the contract.
After the publication of the above judgment, the President of UOKiK presented his position in which he fully shared the findings of the CJEU judgment.
In connection with the judgment of the CJEU and the UOKiK statement in the third quarter of 2019, the Bank adapted its activities to the current interpretation of the regulations as follows:
• Refunds regarding loans repaid by 11 September 2019 are based on the complaint path. The Bank estimated the expected outflows resulting from returns of commissions to customers and included an appropriate provision in the item Other provisions. The provision was estimated based on the assumptions regarding the number of customers who can submit complaints to the Bank and the sum of commission on overpaid loans. In 2019 the Bank created PLN 17.1 million provisions in this respect. As at 31 December 2022, there was no change in estimates with regard to commission refunds made on the complaint path. An increase or decrease in the number of complaints by 10% would result in an increase or decrease in the provision by PLN 1.7 million, respectively. As at 31 December 2022, the value of the provision was PLN 6.5 million (7.4 million as at 31 December 2021).
• With respect to prepayments made from 11 September 2019, the Bank returns the commissions charged after the customer repays the loan earlier proportionally. These revenues are recognised using the effective interest rate method, which has a faster rate of revenue recognition than the straight-line method used to calculate returns. In order to properly take into account the impact on the valuation of receivables and the financial result the Bank has estimated the difference between accounting for revenue using the effective rate method and the straight-line method based on expected commission returns using historical data on prepayment profiles of loans with different maturities. In 2022, the gross value of receivables from consumer loans and mortgage loans measured at amortized cost increased by PLN 4.9 million to the total amount of PLN 21.8 million, decreasing the gross value. For comparison, in 2021 this value has not changed.
4. Valuation of subsidiaries and associates in the separate financial statements
In the Bank's separate financial statements, investments in the Bank's subsidiaries and associates are initially recognized at purchase price, and then accounted for using the equity method. The investment includes goodwill (less any accumulated impairment losses) determined as at the date of acquisition.
The Bank's share in the financial result of subsidiaries or associates from the date of acquisition is recognized in the income statement, and the share in changes in other capitals from the date of acquisition - in other comprehensive income. The carrying amount of the investment is adjusted for the total changes in the state of individual capital components from the date of their acquisition.
If the Bank's share in losses exceeds the value of shares in a subsidiary or associate, the Bank ceases to recognize its share in further losses or creates a reserve for any additional losses only in the amount in which the investor took legal or customary obligation or made a payment on behalf of company.
Unrealized gains on transactions between the Bank and these entities are eliminated in proportion to the Bank's share in these entities. Unrealized losses are also eliminated, unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred.
Each time at the end of the reporting period, the Bank assesses the existence of premises that indicate whether there has been impairment of investments made in subsidiaries and associates.
If such evidence exists, the Bank estimates the recoverable amount, i.e. the value in use of the investment or the fair value less the costs of selling the asset, whichever is the higher. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the Bank recognizes an impairment loss in the income statement.
5. Foreign currency
5.1. The functional currency and the presentation currency
The items contained in financial statements of the Bank are priced in the currency of the basic economic environment in which a given entity operates (the “functional currency”). These financial statements are presented in Polish Zloty, which is the functional currency and the presentation currency of the Bank.
5.2. Transactions in foreign currency
Transactions expressed in foreign currencies are translated at FX rate prevailing at the transaction date. The financial assets and liabilities, being result of the said transactions and denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the FX rate prevailing on a given day. The foreign exchange differences resulting from the settlements
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
23
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
of the said transactions and the balance sheet valuation of the financial assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are recognised in the statement of profit or loss in the specific item FX result , which is an element of Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result .
Foreign exchange differences under changes to the fair value of debt financial instruments classified as financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income are recognised in accumulated comprehensive income relating to financial assets classified to this financial category.
6. Net interest income
Interest income and expense for all financial instruments are recognised in the income statement.
Revenue from interest on financial assets measured at amortised cost and measured at fair value through other comprehensive income is recognised in the income statement at amortised cost using the effective interest rate or effective interest rate adjusted for credit risk.
The effective interest rate method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of an asset or financial liability (or group of financial assets or financial liabilities) and of assigning interest income or expense to the appropriate periods. The effective interest rate is the rate that discounts the estimated future cash inflows or payments made in the expected period until the expiry of the financial instrument, and in justified cases in the shorter period, to the net carrying amount of the asset or financial liability.
When calculating the effective interest rate, the Bank estimates the cash flow, taking into account all the provisions of the financial instrument contract; however, it does not take into account potential future losses related to bad loans. The calculation includes all fees and commissions paid and received by the parties to the contract that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and all other bonuses and discounts.
Potential future credit losses are only taken into account for financial assets that are impaired due to credit risk at the time of initial recognition. The above is aimed at calculating the effective interest rate adjusted for credit risk.
Interest income includes interest and commissions (received or due) included in the calculation of the effective interest rate on: loans with repayment schedules, interbank deposits and securities.
In the case of financial assets or a group of similar financial assets classified under Stage 3, interest income is accrued from the present value of the receivable (i.e. value reduced by an impairment loss) using the interest rate used to discount future cash flows for the purpose of estimating impairment losses.
Interest income / expense on derivatives designated as hedging instruments in hedge accounting including interest income/expense from settlements of the price alignment amout resulting from the service in accordance with the
settled-to-market approach are presented in Net interest income . The justification for the change in the presentation of the price adjustment amount is described in detail in the chapter IV . Comparability of financial data .
7. Commission income and costs
Commission income arises from providing financial services by the Bank and comprises i.a. fees for extending a loan, the Bank’s commitment to extend a loan, cards issue, cash management services, brokerage services, insurance products-related services and asset management services. Commission income comprises also margins on FX derivatives transactions.
Fees and commissions (both income and expenses) directly attributed to origination of financial assets with repayment schedule are recognised in the statement of profit or loss as effective interest rate component and are part of the interest income.
The Bank recognizes the following effective interest rate-adjusting commissions:
• commissions for application review and credit commitment letter issue,
• commissions for limit/ overdraft granted,
• commissions for granting loan or limit/ overdraft,
• commission for restructured loan processing,
• commission for amending the credit agreement as to the amount, currency or schedule of repayments,
• costs of credit and cash loan agency commissions.
Other commissions attributed to origination of financial assets without the repayment schedule are settled using a straight-line method throughout the agreement term.
The Bank recognizes the following commissions as the ones cleared on a straight-line basis:
• the commissions described as the commissions adjusting the effective interest rate for the loans for whose commissions no cash flows can be estimated (first of all, current account overdrafts, working capital loans and revolving loans),
• commissions for issuing, confirming or prolonging the time and increasing the amount of guarantees or letters of credit,
• commissions for multi-facility agreements,
• commissions for the loan or limit/ overdraft granted to start another lending year.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
24
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Fees on commitment to extend a cash loan, which is likely to be taken, are deferred and as at the date of financial assets origination are settled as the component of effective interest rate or using straight-line method based on the above mentioned criterion.
Other fees and commissions relating to the financial services offered by the Bank – like cash management services, brokerage services and asset management services – are recognised in the income statement including the five steps approach:
1) identify the contract with a customer,
2) identify individual performance obligations in the contract,
3) determine the transaction price,
4) allocate the transaction price to individual performance obligations,
5) recognise income when (or as) each performance obligation is satisfied.
Based on the performed analysis, the Bank recognised commission and fee income:
• once the service has been delivered (also for upfront fees) i.e. at transfer of the control over the goods or services,
• over time, if the service delivery is over time,
• at point-in-time, when the Bank performs a key operation,
• when there is an actual benefit from the perspective of the customer.
After (or during) satisfaction of the performance obligations, the Bank recognises as income the amount which equals the transaction price, that was allocated to this individual performance obligation.
Commission income that was accrued and is due but was not paid on time is derecognised from the Bank’s financial result upon the lapse of 90 days.
Income and costs under bancassurance commission
Fees and commission related to insurance products are recognised in the income statement according to their economic content and classified as:
• commissions being part and parcel of a fee under a financial instrument wherewith the insurance product is linked,
• fee for agency service, and
• fee for additional services after the insurance product sale.
Prior to implementation of the insurance product, in order to recognise it properly in the statement of profit or loss, the Bank analyses features of the insurance product and also the link between the insurance product and the banking product. In this analysis, the Bank takes account of the prevalence of the economic content over the legal form. The factors analysed by the Bank include but are not limited to:
• manner in which an insurance product is offered, option of purchasing a banking product without the insurance product as well as option of purchasing only the insurance product at the Bank,
• pricing conditions of the two products sold together and separately,
• profitability of the insurance and banking products sold together and separately,
• sales target of combined products versus sales target of the same banking products sold without insurance,
• option of concluding an insurance agreement outside the Bank,
• number of resignations and the value of refunded insurance premiums,
• settlement cycle with a client, and
• scope of activities performed by the Bank for the insurer and their duration.
Insurance products offered with loans are treated by the Bank as linked to lending products, mainly because of lack of the possibility to purchase at the Bank an insurance product without a loan or a cash loan.
For the absolute majority of insurance products linked with lending products functioning at the Bank, the income on insurance products is earned based on monthly settlements with both the insurer and the client. Since the client may resign at any time from the insurance coverage for the following month, the Bank treats such insurance as renewed each month and settled for each month separately.
Therefore, the income on insurance products settled monthly is recognised in the income statement also on a monthly basis. The Bank recognises the income on such insurance in the commission income on insurance products. The Bank analogically presents the costs directly related to these insurance products.
Such an approach ensures compliance with the matching principle. At the same time, the Bank monitors the level of income on insurance products linked to the lending products in terms of legitimacy of division into interest income and commission income. At present, such a division would not materially impact the Bank’s income statement. The Bank applies an analogical approach to real property insurance with mortgage loans. Taking account of the materiality principle, the Bank presents full income on this insurance in the net commission income.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
25
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Most insurance products linked with the Bank’s deposit products (current accounts and savings accounts) use the monthly-settlement structure. Therefore, the income on insurance products settled monthly is recognised in the income statement also on a monthly basis. The Bank recognises the income on such insurance in the commission income on insurance products.
Commissions under insurance products not linked to banking products are recognised in the income statement:
• on a straight-line basis during the insurance policy term – if the Bank, apart from other sales operations, also provides additional services during the insurance term,
• on a one-off basis – if the Bank does not provide any additional services during the insurance policy term.
Should there be a risk of refund of the fee under the insurance product, the Bank decreases its income by the amounts of estimated provisions. The provisions for refunds are established based on the historical data on actual refunds made in the past and based on projections as to the amount of refunds in the future.
8. Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result
Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result includes gains and losses arising from disposal and change of fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss at initial recognition excluding interest rate derivatives designated as hedging instruments in strategies based on hedge accounting principles..
Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result also includes fair value adjustments for pre-settlement credit risk and analogous risk generated by the Bank (bilateral value adjustment).
9. Net income on the sale of financial assets and dividend income
Net income on the sale of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income consists of realised gains and losses arising from the sale of debt securities and loans measured at fair value through other comprehensive income and dividend income.
Revenue from dividends is recognised in the income statement on the date of determining the shareholders' rights to receive them.
The result on the sale of securities measured at amortized cost consists of the realized profits and losses arising from the sale of debt securities measured at amortized cost.
10. Net (loss)/income on hedge accounting
This item includes the measurement of hedged and hedging transactions in fair value hedging accounting and the net income on measurement of hedging instruments in the ineffective part of hedge relationship of cash flows hedge accounting.
11. Net (loss)/income on other basic activities
Net income on other basic activities includes cost and income not attributed directly to Bank’s banking and brokerage activity.
These include in particular: net income due to sale of assets (non-current assets and intangible assets), income on sales of other services, income due to recovered bad debts, received and paid damages, penalties and fines.
12. Factoring services
The Bank provides factoring services in local and international trade. Handling and financing receivables as well as risk management are their essence. In addition, as part of factoring activities, the Bank provides additional services, in the field of financial limits for debtors, debt collection and taking over commercial risk. Domestic factoring without taking over risk (with recourse) is the dominant form of factoring activity of the Bank.
Interest income and commissions included in the calculation of the effective interest rate are recognized in the income statement under Net interest income , and other commission income under Net commission income .
13. Financial assets and liabilities
13.1. Initial recognition
The Bank recognizes a financial asset or liability in the statement of financial position when it becomes bound by the provisions of the contract of this instrument.
Purchase and sale transactions of financial assets measured at amortised cost, measured at fair value through other comprehensive income and measured at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in accordance with the accounting method adopted for all such operations on the transaction settlement date – the date on which the asset is delivered to the unit or delivered by the unit. Loans and receivables are recognised upon disbursement of funds to the borrower.
Upon initial recognition, a financial asset or financial liability is measured at fair value, increased in the case of a financial asset or liability not classified as measured at fair value through profit or loss, by significant transaction costs that can be directly attributed to the acquisition or issue of the financial asset or financial liability.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
13.2. Classification of financial assets
The Bank classifies financial assets into one of the following categories:
• measured at amortised cost,
• measured at fair value through other comprehensive income,
• measured at fair value through profit or loss.
Financial assets measured at amortised cost
Financial assets shall be measured at amortised cost if both of the following conditions are met and is not designated to be measured at fair value through profit or loss:
• the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and
• the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Debt financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
Financial asset shall be measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if both of the following conditions are met and it is not designated for measurement measured at fair value through profit or loss:
• the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and sell financial assets and
• the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
Equity instruments are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income in a situation where, upon initial recognition in the Bank’s books, an irrevocable decision has been made to designate a specific investment to be measured at fair value through other comprehensive income.
Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
All financial assets that do not meet the criteria for classification to financial assets measured at amortised cost or financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income are classified as financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss.
Business model assessment
The Bank assesses the objectives of the business model at the level of the Bank’s unit that manages financial assets and is a so-called business owner of the particular financial assets portfolio. The following business models are identified for managing the financial assets i.e. in order to:
• collect contractual cash flows,
• collect contractual cash flows and sell financial assets,
• other (e.g.: in order to maximize profits on sales).
The business models are established at the level which is the best reflection of the Bank approach to management of financial assets in order to fulfil business objectives and generate cash flows.
During assessment, the Bank verifies all areas of Bank’s units activities identified as business owners of a particular portfolio of financial assets and which may have influence on the decisions taken with regard to holding assets in the Bank’s portfolio, including but not limited to:
• assumptions of the product offer,
• organisational chart of a Bank’s unit,
• assumptions of assessment of the performance of the particular assets portfolio (e.g.: approach to planning, management information assumptions, key assessment indicators),
• approach to compensation of the key managers in relation to portfolio performance or cash flows generated on the portfolio,
• the risk generated by the assets portfolio and approach to management of those risks,
• assessment of sales activities from assets portfolio (frequency, volume and reasons for the sales), and
• assessment of expectations regarding sales activities in the future.
The Bank permits the sales of financial assets held to collect contractual cash flows, due to the following reasons:
• increase of credit risk,
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
• sales close to maturity,
• infrequent sales,
• sales insignificant in value.
The Bank took the following assumptions:
• Sales close to maturity means the sales of financial assets whose:
− original maturity is more than 1 year and sales occurs less than 6 months before maturity date,
− original maturity is less than 1 year and sales occurs less than 3 months before maturity date.
• infrequent sales means that the number of sales compared to the average number of items in the business model is less than 10%,
• insignificant in value means for which both the value of the sales compared to the total value of the business model and the net gains from the sales compared to the total net interest income of the business model is less than 10%.
Assessment of cash flow characteristics
In order to assess the cash flow characteristics the Bank formulated the following definitions:
• principal – means fair value of the financial asset at initial recognition in the Bank’s books,
• interest – means the payment including consideration for:
− time value of money,
− credit risk resulting from principal amount outstanding within a specified period,
− other basic lending risks and costs (e.g. liquidity risk and administrative costs), and
− profit margin.
The assessment is to confirm that the realised cash flows are solely repayment of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. The Bank verifies the contractual terms, which have influence on the timing of realised cash flows and the amount of the cash flow realised on particular financial asset.
In particular the Bank verifies the following conditions:
• contingent events which have influence on the timing and the amount of cash
• leverage,
• prepayment or funding extension conditions,
• non-recourse conditions for the realised cash flows,
• terms that modified the consideration for time value of money.
The assessment of the conditions that modified the time value of money is conducted based on qualitative or quantitative analysis.
In case the qualitative assessment does not provide the conclusions as to the realised cash flow characteristics, the Bank performs a quantitative assessment. The quantitative assessment is based on comparison of the difference between:
• undiscounted contractual cash flows and
• undiscounted cash flows that would arise at benchmark asset that not include the conditions modifying consideration for time value of money.
If the difference between assessed cash flows is significant, then the verified asset will be obligatorily classified to measurement measured at fair value through profit or loss, as the realised cash flows are not solely repayments of principal and interest on principal amount outstanding.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
13.3. Classification of financial liabilities
The Bank classifies financial liabilities into one of the following categories:
• measured at fair value through profit or loss,
• measured at amortised cost,
• financial guarantees.
Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss
Derivatives that are liabilities and financial liabilities recognised as a result of the short sale of securities are measured after initial recognition measured at fair value through profit or loss.
Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost
Financial liabilities being a contractual obligation to deliver cash or other financial asset to another entity not measured at fair value through profit or loss, being a deposit or loan received or a financial liability recognised in the result on financial asset sales transaction that cannot be derecognised from the statement of financial position.
Financial guarantees
A financial guarantee is a contract under which the issuer undertakes to make specified payments to the beneficiary to compensate the beneficiary for losses caused by the failure of a specified debtor to make repayments under the original or modified terms of a debt instrument contract.
13.4. Derecognition
The Bank derecognizes a financial asset when, and only when: the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or the Bank transfers the financial asset and the transfer qualifies for derecognition.
The Bank transfers a financial asset if and only if it:
• transfers the contractual rights to receive cash flows, or
• retains contractual rights to receive cash flows but assumes a contractual obligation to remit the cash flows.
In a situation where the Bank retains contractual rights to cash flows but assumes a contractual obligation to transfer these cash flows to a third party, the Bank treats such a transaction as a transfer of a financial asset only if all of the following three conditions are met:
• The Bank is not required to pay the final recipients until it receives the corresponding amounts resulting from the original asset,
• under the transfer agreement, the Bank may not sell or pledge the original asset other than a security for the obligation to transfer cash flows established for the benefit of final recipients,
• The Bank is required to remit all the cash flows received from the original asset without material delay.
When transferring a financial asset, the Bank assesses the extent to which it retains the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. Accordingly, where the Bank:
• transfers substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, it derecognizes the financial asset,
• retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, it continues to recognize the financial asset,
• neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, then the Bank determines whether it has retained control of the financial asset. In this case if the Bank has retained control, it continues to recognize the financial asset, and if the Bank has not retained control, it derecognizes the financial asset to the extent of its continuing involvement in the financial asset.
The Bank derecognizes a financial liability (or part of a financial liability) from its balance sheet when, and only when the obligation specified in the contract is satisfied or cancelled or expires.
The Bank derecognizes financial assets or their part, if the rights pertaining to the financial assets expire, the Bank waives such rights, sells those receivables, they are cancelled or as a result of significant modification of the loan or cash loan contractual terms.
The Bank reduce the gross carrying amount of a financial asset when the Bank has no reasonable expectations of recovering a financial asset in its entirety or a portion thereof. This principle is applied, among others, to accrued penalty interest, also when the principal amount of the related financial assets is still recognized in the statement of financial position.
The amounts of receivables written down as loss and recovered thereafter reduce the value of impairment loss in the income statement.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
13.5. Modification of contractual cash flows
When the terms of the loan and cash loan agreements are renegotiated and contractual cash flows of a financial asset are modified, the Bank assesses if such modification was significant and should result in the extinguishment of that financial asset and recognition of a new financial asset. A financial asset is extinguished if either the qualitative or the quantitative criteria are met.
Qualitative criteria
The Bank assumes that such significant modification of the terms of the agreement will take place in case of a:
• change of the debtor with the consent of the Bank, or
• change of the legal form/type of the financial instrument or
• change of loan currency unless it was included in contractual terms, or
• the modified financial asset does not meet the SPPI test, i.e. the cash flows from the financial asset do not represent, on specified dates, solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding, or
• change in interest rate from fixed to floating or vice versa for financial assets that are not credit-impaired, or
• change of the financial instruments from revolving to non-revolving or vice versa for financial assets that are not credit-impaired, or
• increase of the exposure amount of 50% or an extension of the tenor of the facility/instrument by 50%, if the present value of cash flows under the modified terms, discounted at the original effective interest rate, is at least 10% different from the discounted present value of the remaining cash flows of the original agreement, discounted using the original effective interest rate.
Quantitative trigger
A financial asset is deemed to be extinguished when the present value of cash flows under the modified loan terms, discounted at the original effective interest rate, is at least 10% different from the discounted present value of the remaining cash flows of the original agreement, discounted using the original effective interest rate. For modifications that do not lead to a derecognition of the financial asset, the net present value difference (using the original effective interest rate) between the cash flows of the asset before and after modification is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
13.6. Measurement
After initial recognition, the Bank measures financial assets, including derivatives that are assets, at their fair values, except for the financial assets measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
After initial recognition, all financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, except for:
• financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss. Such liabilities, including derivatives that are liabilities, are measured at fair value, in particular a derivative liability that is linked to and must be settled by delivery of an unquoted equity instrument,
• financial liabilities resulting from the transfer of a financial asset which do not qualify for derecognition or which are recognised on a continuing involvement basis,
• commitments to provide a loan at a below-market interest rate which it shall subsequently measure it at the higher of:
− the amount of impairment for expected credit losses, and
− the amount initially recognised less, when appropriate, the cumulative amount of income recognised in accordance with principles of IFRS 15,
• contingent consideration recognised by the Bank acting as an acquirer in a business combination to which IFRS 3 applies, which it shall subsequently be measured at fair value through profit or loss.
If the estimates of payments or inflows change (excluding immaterial modifications and changes in estimates of expected credit losses), the Bank adjusts the gross carrying amount of the asset or the amortised cost of the financial liability (or group of financial instruments). For this purpose, the Bank translates the gross carrying amount of a financial asset or the amortised cost of a financial liability as the present value of estimated future contractual cash flows that are discounted at the original effective interest rate of the financial instrument (or the credit- adjusted effective interest rate for purchased or credit-impaired financial assets created) or, where applicable, the revised effective interest rate).
In particular, the Bank adjusts the gross carrying amount of the portfolio of mortgage loans denominated in foreign currencies, taking into account the changed estimated cash flows from these agreements resulting from the legal risk of this portfolio. The adjustment is recorded as a separate line in the income statement Cost of legal risk of FX mortgage loans.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Granted financial guarantees are measured at the higher of:
• the amount being the most appropriate estimate of the expenditures needed to fulfil the current obligation arising from the financial guarantee, upon consideration of the probability of materialisation thereof;
• the amount recognised at the initial recognition, adjusted with the settled amount of commission received for granting the guarantee.
13.7. Gains and losses resulting from subsequent measurement
A gain or loss arising from a change in the fair value of a financial asset or financial liability that is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised as follows:
• a gain or loss on a financial asset or financial liability classified as measured at fair value through profit or loss is recognised in the income statement;
• a gain or loss on an asset measured at fair value through other comprehensive income is recognised directly in equity through statement of changes in equity.
Interest income is calculated using the effective interest rate method. The relevant value is computed by applying the effective interest rate method to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset, except for:
• purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets. The Bank applies the credit risk adjusted effective interest rate to the value of amortised cost of a financial asset as of the initial recognition, and
• financial assets that are not purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets which subsequently became credit-impaired financial assets (Stage 3).
For those financial assets the Bank applies the effective interest rate to the value of amortised cost (net) of a financial asset in subsequent reporting periods.
Dividends on an equity instrument are recognised in the income statement when the entity’s right to receive payment is established.
Foreign exchange gains and losses arising from a change in the fair value of a financial asset measured at fair value through other comprehensive income denominated in foreign currency are recognised directly in equity only for non-monetary assets. Foreign exchange gains and losses arising from monetary financial assets (e.g. debt securities) denominated in foreign currency are recognised directly in the income statement.
At the moment of derecognition of financial assets from the balance sheet, cumulated gains and losses recognised previously in equity:
• regarding debt financial assets are recognised in the income statement,
• regarding equity instruments are recognised in equity.
The fair value of financial assets and liabilities quoted in an active market (including securities) is determined on the basis of the bid price for long position and offer price for short position. Should there be no active market for a given instrument or for the securities not quoted on an active market, the Bank establishes the fair value with the use of valuation techniques that include using recent arm’s length market transactions, discounted cash flow analysis and option pricing models and other techniques commonly used by market players.
Market activity is assessed on the basis of frequency and the volume of effected transactions as well as access to information about quoted prices which by and large should be delivered on a continuous basis.
The main market and the most beneficial one at the same time is the market the Bank can access and on which in normal conditions it would enter into sale/purchase transactions for the item of assets or transfer of a liability.
Based on the employed methods of determining the fair value, financial assets/liabilities are classified to the following categories:
• Level 1: financial assets/liabilities measured directly on the basis of prices quoted in the active market.
• Level 2: financial assets/liabilities measured on the basis of measurement techniques based on assumptions
using data from an active market or market observations.
• Level 3: financial assets/liabilities measured on the basis of measurement techniques commonly used by the
market players, the assumptions of which are not based on data from an active market.
The Bank verifies on a monthly basis whether any changes occurred to the quality of the input data used for individual measurement techniques and determines the reasons therefor and their impact on the fair value calculation for the financial assets/liabilities item. Each identified case is reviewed individually. Following detailed analyses, the Bank takes a decision whether its identification entails any changes to the approach for fair value measurement or not.
In justified circumstances, the Bank decides to make changes to the fair value measurement methodology and their effective date construed as the circumstances change date. Then, it assesses the impact of changes on the classification to the individual categories of the fair value measurement hierarchy. Any amendments to the measurement methodology and their rationale are subject to detailed disclosures in a separate note to the financial statements.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
13.8. Cost basis of debt and equity securitie
Estimation of fair value of and result on sale of securities requires application of a certain cost basis for investment. The cost basis for investment applied in that respect is based on the interpretation resulting in application by an analogy of the guidelines given in IAS 2 Inventories, however only as far as possible considering the unique nature of the financial instruments of this type.
The Bank applies the “weighted average purchase price” as the effective cost basis for investment to estimate fair value of and result on sale of securities with the capital rights.
The Bank applies the “first-in first-out” (FIFO) method as the cost basis for investment for debt securities.
13.9. Derivative instruments and hedge accounting
Derivative instruments are measured at fair value without cost of transactions, which are to be incurred. The base of initial fair value valuation of derivatives is the transaction price, i.e. fair value of received or paid amount.
Settlements exchanged for Interest Rate derivatives cleared via a central counterparty that are subject to settled to market contracts reduce the derivative’s carrying value.
The credit risk component is included in the fair value measurement for derivative instruments through credit valuation adjustments. Valuation adjustments are estimated per counterparty considering the expected pre- settlement exposure credit risk and the same risk generated by the Bank. This approach provides for the possibility of occurrence of risk of bilateral value adjustments. The adjustment is made using the expected positive exposure estimated through numerous simulations (the results from the scenarios leading to a negative outcome are eliminated) and the present market value (or its estimation through referencing to comparable data) of credit default swaps (CDS). Own risk of the Bank and the risk of materialisation of a scenario of concurrent client and Bank insolvency are calculated by analogy.
In addition, for receivables resulting from matured or terminated but unsettled derivatives, the Bank establishes impairment losses using the methodology applied to assessing the risk of impaired credit receivables.
The two adjustments as mentioned above were differently reflected in the financial statements. Fair value adjustments due to risk for non-matured transactions were presented in the item Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result , whereas the impairments losses for matured transactions in the item Impairment for expected credit losses .
If a transaction whose fair value was adjusted in the previous reporting period in the item Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result becomes mature or subject to restructuring,
then the amount of the previous fair value adjustment is moved to the item Impairment for expected credit losses and the added part of the impairment loss for such already matured transaction is presented in the statement of financial position in the item Impairment for expected credit losses. Therefore the financial result is impacted only by the amount of surplus of the current impairment loss (or write-down) for a mature transaction above the amount of the fair value adjustment made before the transaction has matured.
The Bank uses derivative instruments in order to hedge against FX and interest rate risk, arising from activity of the Bank. Those derivatives, which were not designated as hedge instruments pursuant to the principles of hedge accounting, are classified as instruments measured at fair value through financial result.
13.9.1 Hedge accounting
The Bank applies the hedge accounting requirements of IAS 39.
Hedge accounting presents the offsetting effects of fair value changes of both hedging instruments and hedged items which impact the income statement.
The Bank designates certain derivative instruments as fair value hedging instrument or cash flow hedging instrument. The Bank uses hedge accounting, if the following conditions are met:
• formal documentation of the hedging relationship was prepared when the hedging was established. The documentation sets out the purpose of risk management and the hedging strategy adopted by the Bank. The Bank specifies the manner for assessing the effectiveness of the hedging instrument in offsetting changes in cash flows due to the hedged transaction in terms of mitigation of risk the Bank hedges against,
• the hedging instrument and hedged instrument are similar, especially nominal value, maturity date and sensitivity to hedged risk,
• the hedge is expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows attributable to the hedged risk, consistently with the originally documented risk management strategy for that particular hedging relationship,
• for cash flow hedges, a forecast transaction that is the subject of the hedge must be highly probable and must present an exposure to variations in cash flows that could ultimately affect the financial result,
• the effectiveness of the hedge can be assessed credibly, so the fair value of the hedged item or the cash flows of the hedged item as well as fair value of a hedge instrument can be valued credibly,
• the hedge is assessed on an ongoing basis and is determined to have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which the hedge was designated.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Fair value hedge
Fair value hedge is a hedge of the exposure to changes in fair value of a recognised asset or liability or a firm commitment, or an identified portion of such an asset, liability or firm commitment, that is attributable to a particular risk and could affect the income statement.
A fair value hedge is accounted for as follows: the gain or loss from remeasuring the hedging instrument measured at fair value (i.e. for a derivative hedge instrument) is recognised in the income statement; the gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk adjust the carrying amount of the hedged item and are recognised in the income statement. In view of the above, any ineffectiveness of the strategy (i.e. lack of full offsetting for changes to the fair value of the hedged item and changes to the fair value of the hedged instrument) is immediately disclosed in the income statement.
If a hedged item is a component of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, the profit or loss resulting from the hedged risk is recognised in the statement of profit or loss, and the income statement resulting from non-hedged risk is recognised in equity.
The Bank applies the fair value hedge accounting in order to hedge changes in fair value of fixed-rate debt instruments classified to the portfolio of assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income and fixed-rate debt instruments classified to the portfolio of assets at amortised cost against the risk resulting from interest rate changes.
Cash flow hedge
Cash flow hedge is a hedge of the exposure to volatility in cash flows that:
• is attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognised asset or liability (such as all or some future interest payments on variable rate debt) or a highly probable forecast transaction,
• could affect the income statement.
A cash flow hedge is accounted for as follows: the changes of the fair value of the hedge instrument, which are an effective part of hedging relationship, are recognised directly in equity through the statement of comprehensive income, while the ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognised in the income statement.
The associated gains or losses that were recognised directly in equity (effective hedge), at the moment of recognition of a financial asset and liability being a result of planned future transaction, are transferred into income
statement in the same period or periods during which the asset acquired or liability assumed affects the income statement.
The Bank applies cash flow hedge accounting in order to hedge the amount of future cash flows of certain portfolios of assets/liabilities of the Bank or the portfolio of highly probable planned transactions against the interest rate risk and the highly probable planned transactions against the FX risk.
13.9.2 Derivative instruments not qualifying as hedging instruments
Changes in fair value of derivatives that do not fulfil the criteria of hedge accounting are disclosed in the statement of profit or loss for the current period. Changes in fair value of interest rate derivatives arising from ongoing accrual of interest coupon are disclosed under Net interest income on derivatives , whereas the remaining part of changes in the fair value of interest rate derivatives is presented under Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result .
Changes in the fair value of FX derivatives are presented under Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result .
13.10. Offsetting financial instruments
The Bank offsets financial assets and financial liabilities and presents them in a net amount in the statement of financial position when and only when there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
In order to mitigate credit risk, the Bank concludes master agreements with contracting parties, with which the Bank concludes transactions. These master agreements provide for offsetting financial assets and liabilities in case of a breach of the master agreement. Due to the conditional nature of these contractual provisions, there is no netting in the financial statements and the effects of conditional netting are presented in note 37 . Offsetting financial instruments .
13.11. Repo, reverse repo transactions
The Bank presents the financial assets sold with the repurchase clauses (repo, sell–buy–back transactions) in its statement of financial position, simultaneously recognising a financial liability under a repurchase clause. This is done in order to reflect the risks and benefits arising on this asset item that are retained by the Bank after the transfer.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
For the securities purchased with a reverse repurchase clause (reverse repo, buy–sell–back), the financial assets held are presented as receivables arising from repurchase clause, hedged with securities.
13.12. Expected credit losses
Estimation of the impairment loss is based on the expected credit loss. This approach shall be applied to debt financial assets measured at amortised cost and financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, lease receivables, contract assets, irrevocable loan commitments and financial guarantees, except for investment in equity securities.
At each reporting date, the Bank measures the impairment for expected credit losses for a financial asset at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on that financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition. If at the reporting date, the credit risk on the financial asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Bank measures the impairment for expected credit losses for that financial asset at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses.
The Bank estimates expected credit losses in a way that takes account of:
• an unbiased and probability-weighted amount that is determined by evaluating a range of possible outcomes,
• the time value of money, and
• reasonable and supportable information that is available without undue cost or effort at the reporting date about past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions.
The Bank applies the definition of exposures in default status, impaired exposures and non-performing exposures in accordance with regulatory requirements. A debtor or an exposure is assessed as default is also identified as an impaired and non-performing exposure.
Three stage approach
During the process of estimating expected credit losses, the change of the credit quality for a particular credit exposure since initial recognition is described based on three stages, the reflecting the various approaches to measurement the expected credit losses:
• Stage 1 includes performing exposures that have not had a significant increase in credit risk since initial
recognition. Expected credit loss shall be measured based on 12-month expected credit losses (or till maturity date if such exposures will expire in less than 12 months).
• Stage 2 includes performing exposures that have had a significant increase in credit risk since initial
recognition. Expected credit loss is calculated on the basis of anticipated losses throughout the lifetime, or from the reporting date until the remaining maturity.
• Stage 3 – impaired exposures, which means non-performing loans. Expected credit loss shall be measured
based on lifetime expected credit losses and the probability of default (PD) = 100%.
The Bank qualifies the financial exposures to Stage 1, 2 or 3 using a cascade approach in the following order:
1. Identification of impaired exposures and classification thereof to Stage 3,
2. Allocation to Stage 2 based on triggers for significant increase of credit risk.
3. Allocation of other exposures to Stage 1.
Significant increase in credit risk
The Bank determines the significant increase in credit risk, which results in classification to Stage 2, based on one of the following triggers (where the first one is the leading one):
• significant increase in the lifetime PD at reporting date comparing to the lifetime PD at initial recognition occurring over the period from the reporting date till maturity date;
• watch list status,
• threefold increase in PD
• the asset has an internal rating of 18 or 19
• customer service by a corporate restructuring unit,
• forbearance status,
• collective assessment of sifnificant increase in dredit ris of an entire portfolio
• more than 30 days past due.
Thresholds of significant increase in PD parameters in the lifetime of exposure comparing to PD at initial recognition, indicating significant increase in credit risk, are established for models according to assumed methodology as:
• absolute threshold – indicates maximum difference between PD at the reporting date and PD at initial recognition which triggers classification to Stage 2,
• relative threshold – indicates the maximum measure of the relationship between the PD as at the reporting date and the PD from the initial recognition of the exposure, taking into account the scaling factor determined
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at the level of a particular exposure, based on the PD from the initial recognition, beyond which the asset is classified to Stage 2.
The methodology of establishing PD thresholds to indicate significant increase in credit risk is based on performing an appropriate segmentation followed by statistical indication of the threshold to classify exposures to Stage 2 which maximizes discriminatory power of classification to stages, under certain assumptions, among others, minimization of classification errors.
Evidence and triggers for classification of assets at amortised costs to the Stage 3
At each balance sheet date, the Bank assesses whether a financial assets item or a group of financial assets is impaired. A financial asset item or a group of financial assets is impaired if and only if, there is evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset item (a ‘loss event’) and that loss event (or events) has (have) an impact on the expected future cash flows of the financial asset item or a group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated. The Bank recognizes the expected credit losses based on reasonable and supportable information that is available without undue cost or effort at the reporting date about past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions.
Evidence of impairment
The evidence of impairment is:
• identification of objective evidence of impairment (in the case of corporate and retail credit exposures), or
• a delay in repayment of more than 90 days and, at the same time, the amount of the arrears exceeds the absolute and relative materiality threshold.
Objective evidence of impairment does not require expert judgment – identification of the occurrence of such evidence causes the credit exposure to be considered defaulted and, at the same time, impaired without further analysis. Objective impairment evidence of corporate or retail credit exposures cover the occurrence of minimum one of the following situations:
• restructuring of the credit exposure for non-commercial reasons related to significant financial difficulties of the client, resulting in a change to the existing terms of the contract, full or partial refinancing of the exposure at risk, which would not have taken place if the client had not experienced financial difficulties (including forbearance), resulting in a loss of more than 1% of the present value of discounted future cash flows; for retail credit exposures – non-performing restructuring,
• write-down or write-off by the Bank in the process of restructuring of a significant amount of corporate client receivables resulting in a reduction in cash flows from a given financial asset,
• filing by the Bank, the client's counterparty or another bank for the client's bankruptcy or the initiation of proceedings under the restructuring law,
• declaration of bankruptcy; in the case of corporate credit exposures, the client was put into liquidation, ceased operations,
• the credit exposure becomes due to the termination of the credit agreement by the Bank,
• sale by the Bank of a credit receivable (or its part) with a loss greater than 5% of the balance sheet exposure amount, if the sale was caused by the deteriorating credit quality of the exposure,
• the occurrence of an overdue exceeding 30 days or granting another forbearance on a credit exposure classified initially as forbearance non-performing, and then healed and in the forbearance performing status during the trial period,
• interest-free status (interest stoppage) for a credit exposure,
• for retail credit exposure, over 3-month arrears in repayment of due liabilities under the loan with a one-off repayment of the entire mobilised capital at the end of the loan period,
• for corporate credit exposures – making a decision to recover debts as part of the debt collection strategy,
• questioning the balance sheet credit exposure by the client in court proceedings.
Impairment triggers
Impairment triggers require an individual expert assessment of the debtor's situation and a decision as to whether the classification to default as an impaired exposure is justified.
The triggers for impairment for corporate credit exposures (excluding exposures to entrepreneurs) include:
• granting by a natural person in default of obligations, a surety at the Bank for significant obligations of a company belonging to it or when a natural person is a debtor of the Bank and the company belonging to it is in default,
• over 3-month arrears in repayment (including all interest, principal and commissions) under the loan with a one-off repayment of all disbursed capital at the end of the loan period (not applicable if the repayment frequency exceeds one month),
• the customer belongs to the same economic or legal group as the defaulting debtor,
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• disappearance of the possibility of refinancing,
• for exposures resulting from transactions concluded on the financial market – disappearance of an active market (e.g. suspension of quotations on the WSE) for a given financial asset (shares, bonds, other securities) held by the Bank due to financial difficulties of the issuer / client, which may have a negative effect on the future cash flows of a given financial asset,
• the customer ceases to repay principal, interest or commission and the delay in repayment or the oldest unauthorised overdraft continues for more than 45 calendar days,
• bankruptcy threat, submission of an application to initiate proceedings under restructuring law or other financial reorganization, which may result in non-repayment of a financial asset or its delay,
• no intention or possibility of repayment by the debtor due to the existing financial problems; in particular, the following events may indicate significant financial difficulties (the events described in points "1" to "5" are not triggers for impairment if they were assumed in the client's financial plans at the time of granting the involvement and the Bank accepted such plans:
1) negative equity at the end of the annual accounting period,
2) negative cash flows from operating activities in three consecutive annual accounting periods (from the cash flow statement, and if it is not prepared, then from the simplified cash flow statement),
3) revenues from core activities decrease significantly (over 50% year on year based on the results of annual accounting periods) or revenues from core activities decrease (over 30% year on year based on the results of annual accounting periods) and, at the same time, the ratio of debt to EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, profit before deduction of interest on interest-bearing liabilities, taxes and depreciation) is greater than 4 or EBITDA is less than 0 (if the contract contains a different definition of the trigger, the event is a trigger for impairment, if it is exceeded level 4 as defined in the contract. If the contract indicates the level of the ratio> 4, then we identify the triggers for impairment when exceeding the level specified in the contract),
4) Negative EBITDA in two consecutive annual financial periods,
5) the implementation of financial projections by the client negatively differs from the range approved by the Bank by at least 20%, which leads to a significant breakdown of financial ratios,
6) the events described in points "1" to "5" occurred during the accounting year, provided that they occurred in the amounts considered significant and the Bank expects that the situation will not improve until the end of the annual accounting period and this situation may result in failure to repay the financial asset or its delay,
7) active enforcement to client accounts kept in the Bank, if the oldest active enforcement order persists for more than 90 days and the total amount of active titles exceeds PLN 100 thousand; PLN for customers of the corporate sales network or PLN 500 thousand for strategic clients,
8) unsettled claims under guarantees granted by the Bank (lack of customer funds), if the customer's overdue liability to the Bank due to the payment of the guarantee by the Bank persists for more than 45 days from the date of payment of the guarantee claim,
9) termination of a loan agreement with another bank of significant value,
• a material breach of contractual terms by the customer, which may have a negative impact on future cash flows from a given financial asset (if there has been a material breach of contractual terms, but the Bank, after identifying and assessing the causes and effects of such breach, accepted them (temporarily or permanently) or changed, such an event is not treated as a trigger for impairment),
• unknown whereabouts of the client, resulting in a lack of representation in contacts with the Bank and undisclosed assets of the client,
• crisis of the sector in which the client operates, combined with the borrower's weak position in a given sector,
• restructuring of the loan receivable for non-commercial reasons related to significant financial difficulties of the client, resulting in a change to the existing terms of the contract, full or partial refinancing of the exposure at risk, which would not have occurred if the client had not experienced these financial difficulties (including forbearance) and loss of the net present value of cash flows is equal to or less than 1%,
• credit fraud of the debtor towards the Bank or another ING Group entity,
• the exposure has received a forbearance 2 or more times in the last 5 years,
• a significant deterioration of the client's rating resulting in its reclassification to a risk class of at least 17 with a simultaneous drop by at least 4 classes.
The Bank has also determined the following additional triggers for impairment for leveraged transactions (i.e. transactions with a high level of debt relative to operating profit):
• a significant breach of an important financial clause or failure to return to the state from before the breach, especially when the customer simultaneously requests a repayment facility,
• forbearance refinancing of the existing borrower with an increased level of financial leverage (IBD / EBITDA, i.e. interest bearing debt / earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, total liabilities / profit before deduction of interest on interest-bearing liabilities, taxes and depreciation) compared to leverage levels at the time of funding or previous refinancing,
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• refinancing of the exposure with the repayment of the entire mobilised capital at the end of the loan period in the event of financial difficulties of the client and with a low probability of refinancing by another bank under current market conditions,
• the base case and stress case scenarios indicate the lack of sufficient and stable cash flows to service the debt in accordance with the adopted schedule;
and the following additional triggers for the revenue-generating real estate financing transactions:
• LTV (Loan to Value)> 90% and this is not a temporary situation,
• historical DSCR (debt service cover ratio) ratio <1.0 or ICR (interest coverage ratio) <1.0 (depending on which indicator is used for transaction risk assessments) for two consecutive annual accounting periods and cash flows generated by the real estate are, in the opinion of experts, insufficient to repay and service the loan in accordance with the adopted schedule.
The triggers for impairment for retail credit exposures and credit exposures to entrepreneurs include:
• failure to meet a minimum of three debt repayment arrangements within the current period of arrears,
• a natural person who has issued a surety in the Bank for significant obligations of their company is in default or a natural person is a debtor of the Bank and their company is in a state of default,
• the business client is related to the same group of debtors (legally or economically) in which one of the debtors is defaulted,
• no intention or possibility of repayment – in the Bank's opinion, the debtor does not want to pay off the obligation or is unable to pay; the inability to repay the liability occurs when the debtor's sources of income are insufficient to repay the instalments due, e.g.:
− for an individual client: loss of job, termination of social benefits payments, divorce, serious illness, death of the debtor, obtaining information on untimely servicing of a debt of significant value in another bank (over 90 days overdue) or commencement of enforcement / debt collection activities by another bank,
− for a business client: (anticipated) cash shortfall, (anticipated) high or sudden increase in leverage, (anticipated) breach of financial clauses, (anticipated) deterioration in a market where the debtor's position is weak,
• approving a forbearance to the customer that is not able to repay its financial obligations under a loan agreement with the Bank due to existing or anticipated financial difficulties,
• credit fraud of the debtor towards the Bank – reasonable suspicion of extortion of a loan, i.e. an obligation whose credit documentation or the established facts indicate that it was granted as a result of deliberate
misrepresentation of the Bank by presenting documents, certificates, and statements that are not factually correct,
• occurrence of minimum two forbearance instances within 5 years of granting the first forbearance.
In the process of identifying impairment, the Bank first assesses whether there is any objective evidence or trigger for impairment for financial assets.
The entire loan portfolio of retail and corporate clients is subject to the control for impairment of exposure. Credit exposure is assessed for impairment in relation to the debtor automatically on a daily basis for customers from retail segments and on a current basis and on the applicable dates of regular and irregular portfolio monitoring in relation to corporate customers. Objective evidence of impairment requires the client to be reclassified to the portfolio of non-performing exposures.
Identification of the triggers for impairment of the credit exposure of corporate clients requires an individual expert assessment of the debtor's situation and a decision whether the classification to default is justified, i.e.:
• assessment of the customer’s potential to repay all credit obligations to the Bank in compliance with the agreement and a documented assessment,
• if no default or impairment is identified, a written justification for leaving the client in the performing portfolio should be prepared,
• if as a result of the assessment a situation of default or impairment was identified – reclassification of the client to the portfolio of non-performing exposures.
If, as a result of the assessment, it is concluded that there is no evidence of impairment for a given financial asset, the asset is included in groups of financial assets with similar credit risk characteristics that indicate the debtor's ability to repay the entire liability in accordance with the terms of the contract. In the groups designated in this way, the impairment loss is calculated using the collective method, based on the valuation of expected credit losses. If there is evidence that an impairment loss has been incurred on an asset measured at amortised cost, the amount of the impairment loss is the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows discounted using the original effective interest rate of the financial instrument.
In practice, this means that for assets from the Stage 3 portfolio subject to individual assessment (individually significant financial assets), the impairment is calculated directly using discounted future cash flows for a given asset, and for assets from the Stage 3 portfolio subject to collective assessment (financial assets insignificant) –is determined using the collective impairment method with the use of the expected credit loss over the life of the asset. When estimating future cash flows, the available information about the debtor is taken into account, in
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particular, the ability to repay the exposure is assessed, and in the event that the credit exposure has collateral, the estimation also takes into account the expected future cash flows from the realization of the collateral, taking into account inter alia time, costs and difficulties in recovering payments as a result of selling the collateral.
If the existing evidence of impairment of an assets item or financial assets group measured at amortised cost indicate that there will be no expected future cash flows from the above mentioned financial assets, the impairment loss of assets equals their carrying amount.
The Bank applies a definition of default, in line with the guidelines of the European Banking Authority (EBA) No. EBA/GL/2016/07 of 18.01.2017 on the application of the definition of default under Article 178 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013.
Measurement of expected credit losses
In order to measure the expected credit losses under collective approach, the Bank uses the adjusted to IFRS 9 requirements the existing regulatory capital models (PD, LGD, EAD) developed for the Advanced Internal Ratings Based (AIRB) approach. The models of risk parameters for the purpose of IFRS 9 follow the same structure as the models for regulatory capital purposes, however the manner of estimating the specified value of PD, LGD and EAD is adjusted to IFRS 9 requirements, in particular it includes reasonable and supportable information that is available without undue cost or effort at the reporting date about past events, current conditions and forecast of future economic conditions. The model’s parameters were calibrated in accordance with the “point-in-time” approach. EAD parameter includes the repayment schedules in accordance with credit agreements.
The amount of the revaluation charge calculated collectively is based on the history of losses for asset portfolios with similar credit risk characteristics. For the purposes of determining risk parameters, the Bank uses over thirty models for the needs of which exposures are classified into homogeneous groups with similar characteristics based on different criteria (mainly product characteristics, e.g. loan duration, form of collateral and purpose of the loan, and type of client and financing). Exposures from the retail banking segment are divided into mortgage and consumer. Corporate banking exposures are grouped mainly by customer size (e.g. small and medium-sized enterprises, corporations), customer type (e.g. financial institutions), loan application (e.g. real estate financing, project financing) and product (e.g. leasing, factoring).
The Bank measures the lifetime expected credit losses LEL (Lifetime Expected Loss) – is the discounted amount of partial losses over the lifetime of the exposure, relating to default events in each 12-month time window by the maturity date of the exposure, taking into account the scenario weights.
For credit exposures classified to Stage 1, a 12-month expected credit loss is applied.
For credit exposures in default at Stage 3 and for which the collective provision is computed, the Bank measured the lifetime expected credit losses.
The time value of money was reflected in expected credit losses by two discount factors:
• The discount factor between the moment of default and the moment of debt recovery. It is used for the parameters of the regulatory LGD models.
• Discounting between the reporting date and the moment the exposure becomes in default which is partly taken into account in calculating the lifetime expected loss LEL. The Bank assumes that for each time window of 12 months the event of default occurs on average in the middle of the period 0-12 months.
The Bank measures the expected credit losses as the probability weighted average of the few macroeconomic scenarios (mostly three: a baseline, negative and positive scenario) with different probability to occur. The expected loss is determined separately for each scenario and the probability weighted average results from the weights (probabilities) assigned to each scenario (sum of weights = 100%). Such approach fulfils IFRS 9 requirements that the impairment for expected credit losses should reflect an unbiased and probability-weighted amount that is determined based on a number of possible outcomes.
Weightings of scenarios result directly from macroeconomic assumptions made. The Bank has chosen for the 90th percentile of macroeconomic factors distribution as a downside scenario because it corresponds the assumptions of other calculations in the Bank related to risk appetite, which use 90% confidence level (e.g. RWA at risk) and 10th percentile for positive scenario as a mirror approach. 90th and 10th percentile of the distribution imply directly the probabilities of realization of these scenarios – both have statistically a 20% probability of realization. Consequently, the baseline scenario is a supplement of these extreme scenarios and it has 60% probability weighting.
The forecast (measurement) of the expected loss is conducted at each point in time in the future depending on the expected future economic conditions at a given point. Based on the data about past events, the Bank determined the relation between the observable parameters of expected loss (PD, LGD) and macroeconomic factors as functions, based on which – at predicted macroeconomic factors – Bank computes the predicted parameter values of expected loss in a given year in the future in accordance with forward looking “point in time” approach. The impact of macroeconomic factors on expected credit losses is ensured in the Bank by including them in the modelling of particular risk parameters, which enables appropriate selection of factors specific for a given parameter and portfolio type. Selection of appropriate macroeconomic factors constitutes a part of model building process and includes several stages, both expert based that guarantee an economically interpretable relation as well as statistical approach which enables the assessment of their significance and power of relations. The assessment of
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the adequacy of the impact of macroeconomic factors is part of the overall assessment of the models for determining impairment for expected credit losses as part of the model monitoring performed by the Bank.
For the purpose of measurement of the expected credit loss, the Bank determines the level of EAD exposures only for irrevocable loan commitments through the use of CCF conversion factors (the range of utilization of the undrawn loan commitment during a period from the reporting date till the default event) from regulatory EAD models (estimated in accordance with “through the cycle” approach). EAD decreases during the time according to payment schedule of the particular credit exposure.
For exposures with a specified final repayment date, the time to maturity is equal to the final repayment date. If the final repayment date exceeds 30 years, the expected loss calculation period is limited to 30 years.
For the financial exposures without maturity payment date (e.g.: some revolving credit facilities and credit cards) the expected lifetime is determined by the statistical behavioural parameter.
The LGD parameter, which is a function of used techniques for mitigation of credit risk and it is expressed as percentage of EAD, it is estimated on a product and exposure level based on the parameters of the regulatory LGD models (estimated according to “through the cycle” approach) which were properly calibrated for the purpose of IFRS 9. Collateral recoveries are an integral part of the construction of LGD models and, as a rule, the criteria for recognizing collateral are consistent with the CRR requirements. The most important collaterals recognized by the Bank include mortgage collaterals (residential and commercial) as well as guarantees and sureties.
The level of LGD which is used for the estimation of the amount of the impairment loss according to the collective method for defaulted exposures (PD = 100%), depends on the period during which the exposure was identified as defaulted. In addition, for corporate clients segment in the field of large and medium-sized companies, the value of the LGD parameter is 100% after at least 78 months of the exposure being in default. In a similar way, regarding the retail clients segment and enterpreneurs, the value of the LGD parameter takes the value of 100% when the following conditions are met:
• the impairment event took place and the objective evidences of the impairment occurs continuously for 47 months from the date of recognition of impairment in relation to entrepreneurs,
• defaulted exposures that belong to the impaired portfolio (POCI),
• the exposures were assessed as credit fraud, i.e. they were registered as a suspicion of credit fraud or reported as a notification of a suspected crime.
Recognition of impairment for expected credit losses for assets at amortised cost
Impairment losses are presented as a reduction of the carrying amount of the assets is recognised in the statement of profit or loss for the period.
If in a consecutive period, the amount of loss due to the impairment decreases as a result of an event that took place after the impairment (e.g. improved credit capacity assessment of the debtor), the decrease is recognized as a reversal in the statement of profit or loss. The Bank determined the events whereunder it is possible to reverse credit exposure impairment.
The Bank applies the same criteria for client’s exit from default and reversal of impairment loss. The process of opening the trial period followed by curing – transfer from the non-performing portfolios to the performing portfolio is executed:
• for clients from the mortgage and consumer loans segment – at the business segment level, unless it relates to a situation identified at the debtor's level (e.g. bankruptcy),
• for corporate clients – at the debtor level.
If the debtor is in an impaired portfolio and has no exposure in the forbearance statute, it is considered healed and qualified for a performing portfolio if all the following conditions are met in the following order:
• no evidence or trigger for impairment being the source of default or indicating a high probability of non- payment – are not active,
• at least 3 months (trial period) have elapsed from the date of completion of the evidence / trigger for impairment and during this period the client's behaviour (intention to repay) and situation (repayment ability) were positively assessed, and in the case of a corporate client, the assessment of the financial situation was documented,
• The client made regular repayments – no arrears >30 days in the trial period,
• at the end of the trial period the client is considered able to pay its credit obligations in full, without recourse to collateral,
• without arrears in repayment exceeding the amount of the absolute limit; if any arrears exist in an amount in excess of the absolute limit, the trial period is extended until the time the amount of arrears drops below the limit.
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A client in an impaired portfolio with an exposure with the status of a forbearance granted – is considered healed and qualified for a performing portfolio if all the following conditions are met:
• no evidence or trigger for impairment being the source of default or indicating a high probability of non- payment – are not active,
• minimum 12 months (trial period) have passed since the last of the events specified below:
− granting the last restructuring measures, i.e. granting a forbearance facility,
− the exposure has been assigned default status;
• end of the grace period set forth in the restructuring agreement,
• in the trial period, the client made material/regular repayments:
− the client, as part of its regular payments in accordance with the agreed terms of the restructuring, repaid a material amount in the amount of the early past due (if there were past due amounts) or a write-down (if there were no overdue amounts),
− the client made regular repayments in compliance with the new repayment schedule in line with the restructuring terms and conditions – no arrears > 30 days in the trial period,
• at the end of the trial period, the client has no arrears and no concerns exist as to full repayment of the exposure in compliance with the terms and conditions of restructuring.
The Bank applied additional default exit criteria for all Obligors:
• If impairment evidence or indicator of impairment is identified in the probation period which is the source of default/ indicates a high likelihood of non-repayment, the end date of the probation period will be reset and the probation period is re-started until expiry of such evidence/indicator.
• If in the probation period and after the end of the grace period, DPD > 30 occurred, the probation period end date will be reset and the probation period will restart until DPD returns to below 31 days.
• All conditions of exit from default and reversal of impairment should be met also with regard to new exposures to the Obligor, in particular where the previous defaulted and restructured exposures of the Obligor were sold or written off.
Classification to Stage 3 is an exception to the principle of no active evidence / triggers for impairment being the source of default if such evidence "" –does not block the opening of the probation period (since it is the effect and not the reason of default) – classification to Stage 3 and the provision are also maintained in the probation period.
The Bank assesses as at each balance sheet date whether there is any objective evidence of impairment of debt financial assets classified as measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Confirmation of the objective evidence of impairment is a trigger for classification of an asset to Stage 3.
The evidence indicating that a financial asset or a group of financial assets have been impaired may result from one or more triggers which are presented below:
• significant financial problems of the issuer (e.g. material negative equity, losses incurred in the current year exceeding the equity, termination of credit facility agreement of material value at other bank),
• breach of contractual terms and conditions, specifically with regard to default or delay in repayment of liabilities due (e.g. interest or nominal value), interpreted as materialisation of the issuer’s credit risk,
• awarding the issuer with repayment facilities by their creditors, which would not be awarded in different circumstances,
• high probability of bankruptcy or other financial restructuring of the issuer,
• identification of financial assets impairment in the previous period,
• disappearance of the active market for financial assets that may be due to financial difficulties of the issuer,
• published analyses and forecasts of rating agencies or other units which confirm a given (high) risk profile of the financial asset,
• other tangible data pointing to determinable decrease in estimated future cash flows resulting from financial assets group which appeared upon their initial recognition in the Bank books. The data referred to hereinabove may concern unfavourable changes in the payment situation on the part of issuers from a certain group or unfavourable economic situation of a given country or its part, which translates into the repayment problems sustained by this group of assets.
Recognition of impairment for expected credit losses of the debt financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
Impairment losses for debt financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income are recognised in the statement of profit or loss. These impairment losses derecognised from other comprehensive income.
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13.13. Purchased or originated credit impaired financial assets
The Bank recognises as the separate category, the purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets at initial recognition (POCI).
Such assets may be recognised due to following reasons:
• purchase of credit impaired financial assets,
• significant modification (described in item 13.5 . ) due to derecognition of original loan or
• origination of new credit exposure for the client for which other exposures were classified to Stage 3.
Those assets are excluded from the three stage approach described in item 13.12 .
The change in the cumulated lifetime expected credit losses, both positive and negative, is recognised as impairment gain or loss in profit or loss.
14. Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
14.1. Property, plant and equipment
Own property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment consist of controlled non-current assets and costs to construct such assets. Non- current assets include property, plant and equipment items with an expected period of use above one year, maintained to be used to serve the Bank’s needs or to be transferred to other entities, based on the lease contract or for administrative purposes.
Property, plant and equipment, with the exception of land and buildings, are recorded at purchase price or production cost i.e. after initial recognition they are recorded at historical cost less depreciation and impairment. The historical costs are made up of the purchase price/ production cost and the costs directly related to the purchase of assets.
Each component part of property, plant and equipment items, whose purchase price or production cost is material in comparison with the purchase price or production cost of the entire item, is depreciated separately. The Bank allocates the initial value of the property, plant and equipment into its significant parts.
Land and buildings are carried in accordance with the revaluation model, after initial recognition at a revalued amount, being its fair value at the date of the revaluation less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated impairment losses. Revaluations are made with sufficient regularity to ensure that the
carrying amount does not differ materially from that which would be determined using fair value at the balance sheet date.
The revaluation effect is reflected in other comprehensive income in case of the value increase, or carried through the income statement in case of the balance sheet asset’s value decrease. However, the increase of value is recognised as income statement insofar as it reverses the decrease of value due to revaluation of the same asset that was previously recognised as costs of a given period. Similarly, the decrease of the asset’s value resulting from revaluation shall be set off against the relevant surplus resulting from the previous revaluation of the same asset. The entire revaluation surplus is carried through retained earnings at the time of withdrawing from use or selling the asset item.
Fixed assets in leasing
The Bank is a party to lease contracts, under which it receives the right to control the use of an identified asset for a given period in exchange for remuneration. The Bank applies IFRS 16 to all lease agreements, except for all lease agreements for intangible assets and exemptions provided for in the standard and described below.
The Bank identifies leasing and non-leasing components in concluded contracts. Non-lease payments under contracts are recognised as an expense in accordance with relevant IFRS. Lease payments are recorded in accordance with the rules described below.
At the date of commencement of the lease, the Bank recognizes assets due to the right to use the assets. The initial valuation of the lease liability is determined by the Bank at the present value of future lease payments. Identifying future lease payments requires a lease period to be determined. When determining the lease period, the Bank takes into account the irrevocable lease period together with the periods for which the lease can be extended and the periods in which the lease can be terminated. In order to make an assessment, the Bank takes into account all relevant facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive to use or not to use these options. At the start of the lease contract, the Bank assesses whether it can be assumed with sufficient certainty that it will benefit the option to extend the lease, or that it will not use the option to terminate the lease. The Bank reviews the lease period in order to reassess significant events or circumstances that may affect the estimated length of the lease period. Leasing ceases to be enforceable if both the lessee and the lessor have the right to terminate the lease without the other party's permission, which results in a slight penalty, at the most. For lease contracts concluded for an indefinite period, in which there is a two-sided notice and potentially high costs related to the termination of the contract, the Bank estimates the lease period. To determine the discounted value of lease payments, the Bank uses the leasing interest rate, and if the rate is not easily available, the Bank uses the marginal interest rate. The Bank
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determines the leasing interest rate as the sum of swap interest rate and internal transfer price, taking into account currencies in which lease contracts and contract maturities are denominated. After the lease commencement date, the carrying amount of the liability:
• increased by accrued leasing interest, which is recognised in the income statement and losses as interest expenses,
• less lease payments paid,
• updated as a result of reassessment, changes in leasing or changes in essentially fixed leasing fees.
At the commencement date of the lease, the Bank recognizes assets due to the right to use equal to the initial measurement of the lease liability. The cost of an asset due to the right of use also includes:
• fees paid on the date of commencement or before the date of commencement of the lease, less leasing incentives received,
• initial direct costs incurred by the lessee,
• costs to be borne by the lessee in connection with bringing the asset to its original condition.
The right to use is depreciated over the duration of the lease and is reduced for impairment losses. The value of the right to use is updated during the lease period as a result of modifications of the lease agreement.
The Bank uses the exemption for:
• short-term leases – a contract may be classified as a short-term contract if the duration of the contract does not exceed 12 months and a purchase option is not provided for the subject of the contract,
• leases in which the subject of the contract has a low value – assets may be classified as low-value assets if the gross purchase price of the new component does not exceed EUR 5,000 and the subject of the contract is not and will not be sub-leased.
Lease payments under the above mentioned contracts are recognised by the Bank as costs in the income statement in a systematic manner throughout the duration of the lease.
14.2. Intangible assets
An intangible asset is an identifiable non-monetary asset without physical substance.
Intangible assets are deemed to include assets which fulfil the following requirements:
• they can be separated from an economic entity and sold, transferred, licensed or granted for use for a fee to third parties, both separately, and together with their accompanying contracts, assets or liabilities,
• arise from contractual titles or other legal titles, irrespective of whether those are transferable or separable from the business entity or from other rights and obligations.
Goodwill
Goodwill arising on acquisition of an entity is recognised at the acquisition price being the surplus of the aggregate of:
• provided payment,
• sums of all non-controlling interest in the acquired entity, and
• in the case of combining entities executed measured at fair value as at the day of acquiring interest in the capital of the acquired entity, previously belonging to the acquiring entity.
over the net amount determined as at the day of acquiring values of the identifiable acquired assets and assumed liabilities.
The goodwill recognised in the financial statements of the Bank was recognised pursuant to the requirements binding on the day of first application of IFRS i.e. at acquisition price being a surplus of the cost of combining the business entities over the interest of the acquirer’s in the net fair value of all identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities. After the initial recognition, the goodwill is recognised at acquisition price less any accumulated impairment losses.
Computer software
Purchased computer software licences are capitalised in the amount of costs incurred for the purchase and adaptation for use of specific computer software.
Expenditures attached to the development or maintenance of computer software are recognised as costs when incurred.
Other intangible assets
Other intangible assets purchased by the Bank, are recognised at purchase price or production cost less amortization and total amount of impairment losses.
Subsequent costs
Subsequent costs incurred after initial recognition of acquired intangible asset are capitalised only if the following conditions are met:
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• it is likely that the outlays (taking into account the new version of the software) will result in a significant increase in functionality in relation to the originally assessed performance standard, and
• these costs can be reliably measured and attributed to internally used existing software.
In other cases, costs are recognised in the income statement in the reporting period in which they were incurred.
14.3. Depreciation and amortization charges
The depreciation/amortization charge of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets is applied using the straight line method, using defined depreciation/amortization rates throughout the period of their useful lives. The depreciable/amortisable amount is the purchase price or production cost of an asset, less its residual value.
The useful life, depreciation/amortization rates and residual values of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets are reviewed annually. Conclusions of the review may lead to a change of depreciation/amortization periods recognised prospectively from the date of application (the effect of this change is in accordance with IAS 8 carried through income statement).
In case of buildings measured at fair value, the accumulated depreciation balance at the revaluation date is removed from the carrying amount gross, and the net carrying amount is adjusted to the revalued amount.
Depreciation and amortization charges are recognised in the income statement. At each balance sheet date goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite useful life are regularly tested for impairment. The depreciation/amortization periods are as follows:
• lands and buildings 50 years
• investments in external fixed assets, period of rental, lease, leasing, no longer than 10 years
• devices 3 to 7 years
• equipment 5 years
• costs of development of software 3 years
• software licenses 3 years
14.4. Impairment of other non-financial assets
For each balance sheet date, the Bank assesses the existence of objective triggers for impairment of an asset.
If such a trigger exists, the Bank performs an estimation of the recoverable value. If, and only if, the recoverable amount of an asset is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset shall be reduced to its recoverable amount.
As regards company goodwill, it is tested for impairment as at the balance sheet date regardless of whether or not there are triggers for impairment in place.
Recognition of impairment loss
If there are triggers for impairment of common property, i.e. the assets which do not generate cash independently from other assets or groups of assets, and the recoverable amount of the individual asset included among common property cannot be determined, the Bank determines the recoverable amount at the level of the cash-generating unit, to which the given asset belongs. An impairment loss is recognised if the book value of the asset or cash- generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount. The goodwill impairment is determined by estimating the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit the given goodwill applies to. Should the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit be lower than the carrying amount, impairment loss is made.
The impairment loss is recognised in the income statement under General and administrative expenses . Impairment losses for cash-generating units reduce the goodwill of the cash-generating units (group of units) in the first place and then reduce proportionally the book value of other assets in the unit (group of units).
Reversing impairment loss
Goodwill impairment loss is not subject to reversal.
An impairment loss of an asset other than goodwill is reversed if, and only if, there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount.
An impairment loss can be reversed only up to the amount, at which the book value of impaired asset does not exceed its book value, which decreased by depreciation/amortization charge, would be established, if any impairment loss had not been recognised.
15. Non-current assets held for sale
The Bank classifies a non-current asset (or group of assets) as held for sale if its carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. For this to be the case, the asset (or group of assets) must be available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets (or group of assets) and its sale must be highly probable, i.e. the appropriate level of management must be committed to a plan to sell the asset (or group of assets), and an active programme to locate a buyer and complete the plan must have been initiated. Further, the asset must be actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its present fair value. In addition, the sale should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.
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Non-current assets held for sale are priced at the lower of the two: its carrying amount or fair value less disposal cost. Assets classified in this category are not depreciated.
Where the criteria for classification as non-current assets held for sale are no longer met, the Bank will no longer classify that asset as an asset held for sale (or group of assets) but reclassify it as appropriate.
In such a case, the Bank measures the asset that is no longer classified as an asset held for sale (or that is no longer part of a group of assets held for sale) at the lower of the following amounts:
• its carrying amount from the day before the asset (or a group of assets) was classified as held for sale, adjusted for any depreciation, amortisation or revaluations that would have been recognised had the asset (or group of assets) not been classified as held for sale
• its recoverable amount at the date of the decision not to sell.
16. Other financial assets
Other financial assets include trade receivables and other receivables.
The Bank introduced the simplified approach regarding to measurement of the impairment for expected credit losses and recognise the impairment at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses.
Trade receivables are covered by write-downs after reaching the overdue threshold, which is 60 days. In justified cases, and in particular in the case of receivables for deficiencies and damages, claims contested by debtors and other receivables for which the Bank considers the risk of non-recovery as high, write-downs are made earlier, before reaching the 60-day overdue threshold.
If the effect of the time value of money is material, the value of receivable is determined by discounting the expected future cash flows to the present value, applying the discount rate that reflects the current market assessments of time value of money.
Budgetary receivables are recognised as part of other financial assets, except for corporate income tax receivables, which are a separate item in the statement of financial position.
17. Provisions
Provisions, including provisions for off-balance sheet items, are recognised in the statement of financial position when the Bank has a legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. If the effect is material, the amount of provision is measured by discounted, expected cash flows using pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of
money and those risks specific to the liability. This is also applicable to the recognition of provisions for risk-bearing off-balance sheet items including non-financial guarantees, letters of credit and irrevocable unutilised credit lines.
Provisions for irrevocable unused credit lines for corporate exposures are recognized in the income statement under the item Impairment for expected credit losses .
The Bank establishes provisions for restructuring costs only when the general criteria of recognising provisions under IAS 37 are met and in particular but not limited to the situation when the Bank is in possession of a formal restructuring plan determining at least the operations or part thereof, basic locations, place of employment, the functions and estimated number of employees entitled to compensation, the expenditure to be undertaken and the term of execution. The commencement of restructuring procedure or the public announcement thereof is a condition indispensable for establishing the provision. The established provisions comprise only the direct and necessary expenditures to be undertaken due to the restructuring procedure, which are not related to the current business operations nor cover the future operating costs.
The Bank creates provisions for legal risk on an individual or portfolio basis:
in an individual approach, the Bank creates provisions for liabilities resulting from court cases and other legal claims if the probability of an outflow of resources to settle the obligation is higher than 50%.
in the case of a larger population of similar court cases or other legal claims, the probability of an outflow of resources to meet the Bank 's obligation is measured on a portfolio basis, taking into account the group of obligations as a whole, and the provision is estimated using the expected value method as a probability weighted average of a few scenarios (most often three: baseline, positive and negative) with different probabilities assigned to each scenario.
The Bank applies the above principles to legal claims that do not affect cash flows from financial assets recognised in the statement of financial position – in this case the Bank applies IFRS 9, as described in item 13.6 .
If the legal claim relates to a financial asset that has been excluded from the statement of financial position (e.g. repaid), provision is created on the basis of IAS 37.
18. Prepayments and deferred income
18.1. Prepayments
Prepayments comprise of particular expenses which will be settled against the profit or loss as being accrued over the future reporting periods.
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Deferred costs include primarily provisions for material costs due to services provided for the Bank by counterparties, as well as insurance costs paid in advance to be settled in the future periods. Prepayments are presented in the statement of financial position in the item Other assets .
18.2. Deferred income
This item comprises mainly fees settled on a straight-line basis and other types of income collected in advance which will be settled against the income statement in future reporting periods. Deferred income is presented in the statement of financial position in the Other liabilities .
19. Employee benefits
19.1. Benefits under the Act on employee pension programmes
Expenses incurred due to a programme of certain contributions are recognised as costs in the income statement.
19.2. Short-term employee benefits
Short-term employee benefits of the Bank (other than termination benefits) comprise of remuneration, bonus, paid annual leave and social security contributions.
The Bank recognizes the anticipated, undiscounted value of short-term employee benefits as an expense of an accounting period when an employee rendered service (regardless of payment date) in correspondence with other on-balance liabilities.
The amount of short-term employee benefits on the unused holidays to which Bank employees are entitled is calculated as the total of unused holidays to which particular Bank employees are entitled.
19.3. Long-term employee benefits
19.3.1 Benefits under the Labour Code regulations
Provisions for retirement benefits granted under benefits due to regulations of the Labour Code are estimated on the basis of the actuarial valuation. The provisions being the result of an actuarial valuation are recognised and adjusted on an annual basis.
Provisions for long-term employee benefits are recognised in the item Provisions from the statement of financial position in correspondence with remuneration costs in the income statement.
The assumptions of the method used to compute and present actuarial gains and losses are given in the item concerning estimates on retirement and pension benefits provision.
19.3.2 Variable remuneration programme benefits
Variable remuneration benefits to employees that are to be settled in cash are recognised as an expense during the performance period with a corresponding entry of a liability towards employees.
The share-based payment components that are to be settled in cash are recognised as an expense and liability during the performance period (the year for which the employee receives the benefits) based on the benefit’s fair value. The fair value is remeasured every balance sheet date until the settlement with the employee, with changes in the fair value recognised as gains or losses in the statement of profit or loss.
The share-based payment components that are to be settled in shares are recognised as an expense during the performance period based on the fair value. The corresponding entry is in equity. The fair value is remeasured at grant date and any changes are recognised in equity.
The fair value of the share-based payment components is determined with reference to the share price and the present value of estimated dividend payments during the deferral period.
20. Equity
Equity comprises of the share capital, share premium, accumulated other comprehensive income and retained earnings. All balances of capital and funds are recognised at nominal value.
Share capital
Share capital is presented at nominal value, in accordance with the Articles of Association (the company’s charter) and entry into the commercial register of the Parent entity.
Dividends
Dividends for the financial year which have been approved by the General Shareholders’ Meeting, but not paid at the balance sheet date are disclosed under Dividend liabilities in the item Other liabilities.
Share premium
Share premium is formed from agio obtained from the issue of shares reduced by the attributable direct costs incurred with that issue.
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Accumulated other comprehensive income
Accumulated other comprehensive income is created as a result of:
• valuation of financial instruments classified for measurement measured at fair value through other comprehensive income,
• valuation of derivatives for the element being the effective cash flow hedge,
• valuation of non-current assets measured at fair value,
• actuarial gains and losses.
The deferred tax assets and liabilities resulting from above mentioned valuations are included in the accumulated other comprehensive income. The accumulated other comprehensive income is not subject to profit distribution.
Retained earnings
Retained earnings are created from profit write-offs and are allocated for purposes specified in the Articles of Association (the company’s Charter) or other legal regulations. Retained earnings comprise of:
• other supplementary capital,
• other reserve capital,
• general banking risk fund,
• valuation of share-based payments,
• undistributed result from previous years,
• net result.
Other supplementary capital, other reserve capital and general banking risk fund are created from profit write-offs and are allocated for purposes specified in the Articles of Association (the company’s Charter) or other legal regulations.
General banking risk fund is created in accordance with the Banking Law Act of 29 August 1997 as amended, from profit after tax.
The net financial result represents the gross result under the statement of profit or loss for the current year, adjusted with the corporate income tax.
21. Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of a cash flow statement include: cash in hand and cash held at the Central Bank, and cash equivalents e.g. balances on current accounts and overnight deposits held by other banks.
22. Taxes
22.1. Income tax
Income tax is recognised as current and deferred tax. Current income tax is recognised in the income statement. Deferred income tax is recognised in the income statement or equity depending on the type of temporary differences.
Current tax is a liability calculated based on taxable income at the prevailing tax rate at the balance sheet date including adjustments of previous years’ tax liability.
22.2. Deferred income tax
The Bank creates a provision for deferred tax in respect of a timing difference caused by different moment of recognising income as generated and costs as incurred in accordance with the accounting regulations corporate income tax provisions. A positive net difference is recognised in liabilities as Deferred tax provisions . A negative net difference is recognised under Deferred tax assets.
The deferred tax provision is created by using the balance sheet method for all positive timing differences as at the balance sheet date arising between tax value of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount disclosed in the financial statements, except for situations where deferred tax provision arises from:
• initial recognition of goodwill,
• goodwill the amortization of which is not a tax deductible expense,
• initial recognition of an asset or liability under a transaction which does not constitute a business combination and which on its origination has no impact on the gross financial result or taxable income or loss.
Deferred tax assets are recognised with respect to all negative timing differences as at the balance sheet date between the tax value of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount disclosed in the financial statements and unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognised in such amount in which taxable income is likely to be earned allowing to set off negative timing differences, except for the situations when the component of deferred tax assets arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability with a transaction which does not constitute a business combination and on its origination have no impact on the gross financial result or taxable income or loss.
The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset shall be verified for each balance sheet date and reduced if it is no longer likely to achieve taxable income sufficient for a partial or full realization of the deferred tax assets component.
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Deferred tax assets and deferred tax provisions are estimated with the use of the tax rates which are expected to be in force when the asset is realised or provision released, assuming the tax rates (and tax provisions) legally or factually in force as at the balance sheet date.
Income tax pertaining to items directly recognised in equity is recognised in equity.
Deferred tax assets and provisions are recognised by the Bank in the statement of financial position after offsetting at the level of each entity subject to consolidation. The Bank offsets deferred tax assets and deferred tax provisions, where it has legal title to effect such offsetting, and the deferred assets and provisions pertain to the same taxpayer.
22.3. Tax on certain financial institutions
The tax on certain financial institutions (instituted by virtue of the Act of 15 January 2016, Journal of Laws 2016 item 68) is not income tax and is shown in the income statement as Tax on certain financial institutions .
22.4. Other taxes
Income, costs and assets are recognised less the value added tax, tax on civil law acts, and other sales taxes, except where the sales tax, paid upon purchase of goods and services, is not recoverable from the tax authorities; in that case, the sales tax is recognised accordingly as part of the cost of acquisition of an asset, or as part of a cost item.
The net amount of sales tax recoverable from or payable to the tax authorities is recognised in the statement of financial position as part of receivables or liabilities.
IV. Comparability of financial data
In these annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022, compared to the annual financial statements for earlier periods, the Bank has made changes to the presentation of individual items in the income statement.
The changes are as follows:
• Beginning with the financial statements for the year 2022, the Bank added to the profit and loss account the line for the impact of the adjustment to the gross carrying amount of loans due to credit moratoria , which is a detailed presentation of interest income. The Bank decided to make this change due to the significant share of the said adjustment in total interest income. The adjustment is the result of a change in the law, i.e. the entry into force in 2022 of the act on crowdfunding for business ventures and assistance to borrowers . Detailed
information on the approach adopted by the Bank in estimating the aforementioned adjustment can be found in explanatory note 2 . Net interest income .
• Due to the interest rate environment, the price alignment amount (PAA) received on derivatives in cash flow hedge accounting relationships has become material. After reviewing the presentation of these amounts, the Bank concluded, that the PAA amounts substantively reflect interest income (expense) resulting from amounts previously paid (received) to settle changes in the market value of hedging derivatives. Therefore, the Bank moved these amounts from the item Net (loss)/income on hedge accounting (from the detailed item ineffectiveness under cash flow hedges ) to Interest income and Interest expenses (to specific items other interest income/cost related to the settlement of valuations of cash flow hedging derivatives ). The comparative financial statements are not adjusted due to the immateriality of these amount in the comparative periods.
V. Notes to the financial statements
1. Segment reporting
Segments of operation
The management of the Bank’s activity is conducted within the areas defined in the Bank’s business model. The Bank’s business model, above all for the purpose of management reporting, includes division of clients into two main segments:
• retail banking segment,
• corporate banking segment.
The basis for distinguishing individual segments are entity criteria and - in the case of division into sub-segments - financial criteria (especially turnover, level of collected assets). The specific rules of assigning clients to respective segments are governed by the clients segmentation criteria specified in the Bank’s internal regulations.
The Bank has separated in organisational terms the operations performed by the Centre of Expertise Treasury. The Centre of Expertise Treasury manages short-term and long-term liquidity risk in line with the effective regulations and risk appetite internally set at the Bank, manages interest rate risk and invests surpluses obtained from business lines while maintaining the liquidity buffer in the form of liquid assets. The Centre of Expertise Treasury’s net income on operations is allocated to the business lines considering its support function for the Bank’s business lines.
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Retail banking segment
Within the framework of retail banking, the Bank provides services to private individuals - the mass client segment and wealthy clients segment.
This activity is analyzed in terms of the main products, including: loan products (overdraft facilities, card-related loans, installment loans, mortgage loans), deposit products (current accounts, term deposits, savings accounts), structured, fund participation units, brokerage services and bank cards.
Corporate banking segment
Corporate banking area encompasses as follows:
• providing services to institutional clients,
• providing services to individual entrepreneurs,
• financial Markets products.
Services to institutional clients encompass strategic clients, large corporate entities and mid-sized companies. For corporate activity, the Bank provides reporting broken down by leading products covering i.e. loan products (working loans, investment loans), deposit products (current accounts, term deposits and negotiated deposits, savings accounts), financial markets products, trust services and capital market operations.
The service of individual entrepreneurs includes natural persons conducting business activity and partner companies that do not keep full accounting in accordance with the provisions of the Act on accounting, civil partnerships or general partnerships whose partners are only natural persons who do not keep full accounting in accordance with the provisions of the Accounting Act, and housing communities. The activity of entrepreneurs is reported in terms of the main products, including credit products (cash loan, credit line, credit card), deposit products (company account, foreign currency account, account for housing communities), terminals and payment gateways.
Financial markets products encompass operations performed in money and capital markets, conducted both on the proprietary basis as well as for the customers’ benefit. Within the framework of this activity, currency, money and derivative instrument market products and securities operations (treasury securities, shares and notes) are specified.
Measurement
The measurement of the segment’s assets and liabilities, segment’s revenue and costs is based on the accounting standards applied by the Bank, included in notes describing applied accounting standards. In particular, both internal and external interest income and costs for individual segments are determined with the use of the transfer price system within the Risk Transfer System (RTS). Transfer prices are defined based on the yield curve for a given currency that is common for assets and liabilities. The transfer price that is determined for the products being assets and liabilities with the same position on the yield curve is identical. The original transfer price – coming from the product measurement regarding the yield curve can be modified and the factors adjusting the transfer price can be the following: a premium for obtaining long-term liquidity, matching of the Bank’s position, a hedging cost for sophisticated products and the pricing policy. Thereafter, based on quotation rates available at news services, yield curves are developed using mathematical equations. Revenue, costs, results, assets and liabilities for a given segment account for elements that are directly attributable to the segment in question, as well as element that may be attributed to that segment based on reasonable premises. The Bank presents segment's interest income reduced by the cost of the interest.
Geographic segments
The Bank pursues business within the territory of the Republic of Poland.
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Income statement by segments
2022
2021
Retail
banking
Corporate banking
Total
Retail
banking
Corporate banking
Total
Income total
2,545.3
4,787.2
7,332.5
3,244.6
3,246.6
6,491.2
net interest income
1,877.9
3,452.4
5,330.3
2,669.9
2,002.8
4,672.7
net commission income, including:
581.5
1,437.3
2,018.8
558.6
1,220.2
1,778.8
commission income, including:
906.5
1,665.1
2,571.6
850.9
1,414.5
2,265.4
transaction margin on currency exchange transactions
87.8
615.0
702.8
71.7
473.4
545.1
account maintenance fees
113.2
334.6
447.8
116.9
326.2
443.1
lending commissions
26.2
447.7
473.9
26.0
390.7
416.7
payment and credit cards fees
364.2
148.6
512.8
309.7
116.2
425.9
participation units distribution fees
61.2
0.0
61.2
90.4
0.0
90.4
insurance product offering commissions
188.6
1.9
190.5
165.0
2.7
167.7
other commissions
65.3
117.3
182.6
71.2
105.3
176.5
commission expenses
-325.0
-227.8
-552.8
-292.3
-194.3
-486.6
other income/expenses
85.9
-102.5
-16.6
16.1
23.6
39.7
General and administrative expenses
-2,065.9
-1,413.8
-3,479.7
-1,548.5
-1,264.0
-2,812.5
including depreciation and amortisation
-167.4
-99.8
-267.2
-175.6
-97.6
-273.2
Segment operating result
479.4
3,373.4
3,852.8
1,696.1
1,982.6
3,678.7
impairment for expected credit losses
-290.2
-381.2
-671.4
-78.8
-206.5
-285.3
cost of legal risk of FX mortgage loans
-294.3
0.0
-294.3
-56.4
0.0
-56.4
tax on certain financial institutions
-246.6
-400.3
-646.9
-232.0
-312.7
-544.7
share of profit/(loss) of subsidiaries and associates accounted for using the equity method
25.6
109.0
134.6
50.6
128.5
179.1
Gross profit
-326.1
2,700.9
2,374.8
1,379.6
1,591.8
2,971.4
Income tax
-
-
-660.4
-
-
-663.1
Net profit
-
-
1,714.4
-
-
2,308.3
Assets and liabilities, and net cash flow by segments
2022
2021
Retail
banking
Corporate banking
Total
Retail
banking
Corporate banking
Total
Assets of the segment
87,270.9
118,831.2
206,102.1
94,365.9
97,045.7
191,411.6
Segment investments in subsidiaries and associates accounted for using the equity method
1,624.1
-
1,624.1
1,531.9
-
1,531.9
Other assets (not allocated to segments)
-
-
3,433.1
-
-
2,961.1
Total Assets
88,895.0
118,831.2
211,159.3
95,897.8
97,045.7
195,904.6
Segment liabilities
108,052.5
89,065.0
197,117.5
104,019.4
75,826.4
179,845.8
Other liabilities (not allocated to segments)
-
-
4,774.9
-
-
2,842.7
Equity
-
-
9,266.9
-
-
13,216.1
Total equity and liabilities
108,052.5
89,065.0
211,159.3
104,019.4
75,826.4
195,904.6
Capital expenditure
151.0
103.4
254.4
75.4
61.5
136.9
Net cash flow from operating activities
2,105.0
-853.2
1,251.8
-997.4
1,870.5
873.1
Net cash flow from operating activities (not allocated to segments)
-
-
2,213.2
-
-
-475.4
Net cash flow from operating activities total
2,105.0
-853.2
3,465.0
-997.4
1,870.5
397.7
Net cash flows from investing activities
-514.7
-463.4
-978.1
606.3
644.9
1,251.2
Net cash flows from financing activities
-
-814.8
-814.8
-
-1,499.4
-1,499.4
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
49
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2. Net interest income
2022
2021
Interest income, including:
7,793.6
5,131.3
interest income calculated using effective interest rate method, including:
6,843.8
5,130.6
interest on financial instruments measured at amortised cost
5,737.2
4,761.7
interest on loans and other receivables to other banks
519.7
40.2
interest on loans and other receivables to customers
4,525.1
4,279.4
impact of the adjustment to the gross carrying amount of loans due to credit moratoria
-1,549.2
0.0
interest on investment securities
692.4
442.1
interest on financial instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, including:
1,106.6
368.9
interest on loans and other receivables to customers
360.0
214.5
interest on investment securities
746.6
154.4
other interest income, including:
949.8
0.7
interest income related to the settlement of valuations of cash flow hedging derivatives
946.9
0.0
other interest on loans and other receivables to customers measured at fair value through profit or loss
2.9
0.7
Interest expenses, including:
-2,463.3
-458.6
interest on deposits from other banks
-355.6
-13.0
interest on deposits from customers
-1,584.0
-416.2
interest on issue of debt securities
0.0
0.0
interest on subordinated liabilities
-25.8
-26.7
interest on lease liabilities
-7.9
-2.7
other interest cost related to the settlement of valuations of cash flow hedging derivatives
-490.0
0.0
Net interest income
5,330.3
4,672.7
The interest costs presented in the table relate to financial liabilities measured at amortised cost.
For assets in Stage 3, interest income is calculated based on net exposure amounts, i.e. amounts that include interest impairment for expected credit losses.
For 2022, interest income on financial assets in Stage 3 amounted to PLN 109.5 million compared to PLN 64.4 million in 2021.
Impact of adjustments to the gross carrying amount of loans due to credit moratoria
In 2022, the act on crowdfunding for business ventures and assistance to borrowers entered into force, introducing, among others, for borrowers with a mortgage loan in PLN, the option to suspend the repayment of up to 8 monthly mortgage installments - two in each quarter of the second half of 2022 and one in each quarter of 2023. The change in law resulted in the Bank recognizing an adjustment to the gross carrying amount of mortgage loans in PLN. Its amount as at 31 December 2022 was PLN 1,549.2 million. Information on the assumptions used to calculate the adjustment can be found in Chapter III. Significant accounting policies , in point 3.7 . Adjustment of the gross carrying amount of mortgage loans in PLN due to credit moratoria .
Other interest income/cost related to the settlement of valuations of cash flow hedging derivatives
Starting from 2022, the Bank moved the amount of price adjustment (PAA) received from derivatives under cash flow hedge accounting from the Net (loss)/income on hedge accounting line to the line Interest income and Interest expense (to the detailed items of other interest income/expenses related to the settlement of valuation of cash flow hedging derivatives ). More information on this can be found in the chapter IV . Comparability of financial data .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
50
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
3. Net commission income
2022
2021
Commission income
2,571.6
2,265.4
transaction margin on currency exchange transactions
702.8
545.1
account maintenance fees
447.8
443.1
lending commissions
473.9
416.7
payment and credit cards fees
512.8
425.9
participation units distribution fees
61.2
90.4
insurance product offering commissions
190.5
167.7
brokerage activity fees
58.0
69.4
fiduciary and custodian fees
25.2
26.3
foreign commercial business
43.6
43.8
agency in financial instruments transactions
5.4
4.9
other commission
50.4
32.1
related to assets / liabilities not measured at fair value through profit or loss
2.2
2.9
other
48.2
29.2
Commission expenses
-552.8
-486.6
card fees paid
-296.1
-255.1
commission paid on agency in selling deposit products
-87.0
-84.5
brokerage activity fees
-24.4
-26.9
commission paid on disclosing credit information
-21.5
-18.5
commission paid on cash handling services
-27.6
-24.2
electronic banking services fees
-13.0
-11.9
commission paid on trading in securities
-10.9
-12.1
costs of the National Clearing House (KIR)
-16.4
-13.3
agency in financial instruments transactions
-10.4
-4.8
other commission
-45.5
-35.3
related to assets / liabilities not measured at fair value through profit or loss
-9.4
-7.4
other
-36.1
-27.9
Net commission income
2,018.8
1,778.8
*) Fiduciary and custodian fees show the commissions earned on custody services, where the Bank keeps or invests assets for their clients.
The table includes the following items relating to financial instruments that are not measured at fair value through profit or loss and which have not been included in the calculation of the effective interest rate:
• revenues in the total amount of PLN 476.1 million from granting loans (PLN 419.6 million in 2021),
• costs in the total amount of PLN 117.9 million for intermediation in the sale of deposit products, providing credit information (PLN 110.4 million in 2021).
Revenues from contracts with customers within the meaning of IFRS 15 amounted to PLN 2,095.5 million in 2022 compared to PLN 1,845.8 million in 2021.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
51
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
4. Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result
2022
2021
FX result and net income on interest rate derivatives, including
-109.3
15.7
FX result
196.6
677.9
currency derivatives
-305.9
-662.2
Net income on interest rate derivatives
94.3
44.7
Net income on debt instruments held for trading
35.5
6.3
Net income on repo transactions
13.5
0.8
Net income on measurement of loans to customers
0.0
0.2
Net income on equity instruments
-4.7
-3.6
Total
29.3
64.1
The result on derivatives includes the net result on trading and fair value measurement of interest rate instruments (FRA, IRS/CIRS, cap options) and currency instruments (swaps, options).
The result on debt instruments includes the net result on trading in government securities and the result on the fair value measurement of these instruments.
As the result on equity instruments for 2022 (similarly to 2021), the result on the sale of shares of one company from the portfolio of financial assets other than those held for trading, measured at fair value through profit or loss, was presented.
5. Net income on the sale of securities and loans and dividend income
2022
2021
Net income on the sale of securities measured at amortised cost
-24.8
2.8
Net income on sale of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income and dividend income, including:
26.5
30.8
sale of debt securities
19.7
31.7
sale of loans
0.0
-7.6
dividend income
6.8
6.7
Total
1.7
33.6
Dividend income received in 2022 and 2021 comes from companies whose shares the Bank kept as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, respectively, in its portfolio.
6. Net (loss)/income on hedge accounting
2022
2021
Net income on hedge accounting
-35.4
-55.9
valuation of the hedged transaction
-527.6
-1,090.2
valuation of the hedging transaction
492.2
1,034.3
Cash flow hedge accounting
-4.0
3.4
ineffectiveness under cash flow hedges
-4.0
3.4
Total
-39.4
-52.5
Starting from 2022, the Bank moved the price adjustment amount (PAA) received from derivatives under cash flow hedge accounting from the Net (loss)/income on hedge accounting line (from the detailed item: ineffectiveness under cash flow hedges ) to the line Interest income and Interest expense (to the detailed item other interest income/costs related to the settlement of valuations of cash flow hedging derivatives ). More information on this subject can be found in Chapter IV . Comparability of financial data .
For details of the hedge accounting applied by the Bank, refer to the subsequent part of the financial statements, Risk and capital management section, in chapter III.1.10 . Hedge accounting .
7. Net (loss)/income on other basic activities
2022
2021
Sale of other services
0.7
1.1
Net income on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
-4.6
-3.1
Banking activity-related compensations and losses
-6.0
-6.4
Other
1.7
2.9
Total
-8.2
-5.5
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
52
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
8. General and administrative expenses
2022
2021
Personnel expenses, including:
-1,501.3
-1,401.9
wages and salaries, including:
-1,212.8
-1,145.1
variable remuneration programme
-23.0
-46.5
ING Group’s incentive programme
-0.1
-0.4
retirement benefits
-6.3
-4.4
employee benefits
-288.5
-256.8
Cost of marketing and promotion
-140.9
-133.5
Depreciation and amortisation, including:
-267.2
-273.2
on property, plant and equipment
-200.4
-199.1
including depreciation of the right to use
-101.1
-103.7
on intangible assets
-66.8
-74.1
Other general and administrative expenses, including:
-1,570.3
-1,003.9
contributions to the Commercial Banks Protection System
-470.7
0.0
IT costs
-310.3
-292.3
obligatory payments to the Bank Guarantee Fund
-224.3
-240.3
obligatory restructuring fund
-170.0
-127.9
bank guarantee fund
-54.3
-112.4
maintenance costs of buildings and real estate valuation to fair value
-116.4
-120.3
advisory and legal services, audit costs
-99.2
-91.1
communication costs
-41.6
-34.7
disputed claims
-39.2
-35.9
transport and representation costs
-32.3
-20.0
costs of the Borrowers Support Fund
-23.7
0.0
fees to the Polish Financial Supervision Authority
-21.6
-19.3
donation
-13.7
-6.4
short-term and low-value lease costs
-12.0
-11.6
other
-165.3
-132.0
Total
-3,479.7
-2,812.5
Contributions to the aid fund of the Commercial Bank Protection System
In 2022, eight Polish banks, including ING Bank Śląski S.A. (participating banks) established the Commercial Bank Protection System. The system is managed by a joint-stock company (Management Unit) established for this purpose, whose share capital was set at PLN 1 million. The Bank's share in the share capital and the total number of votes is 13.0%. On 1 August 2022, the Commercial Bank Protection System was entered into the National Court Register.
An aid fund has been set up in the Managing Unit, to which participating banks contribute cash. The assistance fund may be used to ensure liquidity and solvency for each of its participants (up to the amount of the available aid fund) and to support the forced liquidation of participating and non-participating banks. Payments made by the participants of the protection system to the aid fund constitute tax deductible costs.
In 2022, the Bank contributed PLN 470.7 million to the aid fund. Any further contributions to the aid fund require the unanimous consent of the participating banks, including the Bank.
Obligatory payments to the Bank Guarantee Fund (BFG)
On 26 October 2022, the BFG Council adopted a resolution on lowering the target level of funds of the deposit guarantee scheme in banks to 1.6% of the amount of guaranteed funds in banks and branches of foreign banks covered by the mandatory deposit guarantee scheme. Therefore, the obligatory contribution to the bank guarantee fund, attributable to ING Bank Śląski S.A. for 2022 decreased to PLN 54.3 million compared to PLN 122.2 million for 2021.
Contribution to the Borrowers Support Fund
On 14 July 2022, the President of the Republic of Poland signed the Act on crowdfunding for business ventures and assistance to borrowers , which introduced, among other things, the obligation for the banking sector to make an additional payment of PLN 1.4 billion by the end of 2022 to the Borrower Support Fund (FWK). The amount attributable to the Bank amounted to PLN 23.7 million.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
53
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
8.1. Employee benefits
Variable Remuneration Programme
Benefits are awarded to the employees covered with the Programme, based on their performance appraisal for a giv-en year. Variable remuneration programme benefits to persons holding managerial positions having a material im-pact on the risk profile of the Bank (in accordance with guidelines and Regulation on the risk management system and internal control system, remuneration policy and a detailed method of capital estimation in banks have been granted in one of two programmes:
• A cash-settled share-based payment and cash programme, which operated until mid-2022. In this programme the benefit is granted in two parts:
− one paid in a fixed amount of cash (no more than 50%), and
− one paid in cash with the amount of cash based on the price of ING Bank Śląski shares (at least 50%); a cash-settled share-based payment.
• An equity-settled share-based payment and cash programme, which operates from mid-2022. In this pro- gramme the benefit is granted in two parts:
− one paid in a fixed amount of cash (no more than 50%), and
− one granted as rights to ING Bank Śląski shares (at least 50%); an equity-settled share-based payment.
The variable remuneration programme for any given performance year is settled over a period of up to six years (the deferral period) in tranches. Furthermore, the components that are settled in shares and in cash are subject to a one-year retention period after settlement.
The significant accounting principles applied to variable remuneration programme benefits are included in Chapter III. Significant accounting principles in item 19.3.2 . Variable Remuneration Programme benefits .
The table below presents the instruments granted under share-based payment programmes.
2022
Fair value of instruments at the measurement date
(in PLN million)
Total number
of Instruments granted
Number
of instruments outstanding at the beginning of 2022
Number
of instruments exercised
during 2022
Number
of instruments forfeited
during 2022
Number
of instruments granted
but not yet exercised
as at 31 December 2022
Cash-settled
Programme 2017
171.6
62,308
17,077
8,118
-
8,959
Programme 2018
171.6
66,323
26,493
8,618
-
17,875
Programme 2019
171.6
66,319
26,785
-
-
26,785
Programme 2020
171.6
57,414
57,414
34,163
-
23,251
Programme 2021
171.6
46,377
46,377
-
-
46,377
Programme 2022*
171.6
34,435
34,435
-
-
34,435
Total
333,176
208,581
50,899
-
157,682
Equity-settled
Programme 2022*
171.6
38,531
38,531
-
-
38,531
*) for the 2022 Program, the value of the established provision was given, the granting of the benefits takes place in 2023
2021
Fair value of instruments at the measurement date (in PLN million)
Total number
of Instruments granted
Number
of instruments outstanding at the beginning of 2021
Number
of instruments exercised
during 2021
Number
of instruments forfeited
during 2021
Number
of instruments granted
but not yet exercised
as at 31 December 2021
Cash-settled
Programme 2016
260.3
69,439
9,421
9,421
-
-
Programme 2017
260.3
62,308
25,150
8,073
-
17,077
Programme 2018
260.3
66,323
26,551
-
-
26,551
Programme 2019
260.3
66,319
66,319
39,534
-
26,785
Programme 2020
260.3
57,414
57,414
-
-
57,414
Programme 2021
260.3
62,632
62,632
-
-
-
Total
384,435
247,487
57,028
-
127,827
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
54
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
9. Impairment for expected credit losses
Net impairment for expected credit losses
2022
2021
Loans and other receivables to other banks, including:
-0.2
0.5
measured at amortised cost
-0.2
0.5
Investment securities, including:
0.4
-1.3
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
0.2
0.3
measured at amortised cost
0.2
-1.6
Loans and other receivables to customers, including:
-642.3
-293.0
measured at amortised cost*, including:
-627.4
-296.8
corporate banking
-355.6
-214.9
corporate and municipal debt securities
-4.4
0.2
retail banking
-271.8
-81.9
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
-14.9
3.8
Provisions for off-balance sheet liabilities
-29.3
8.5
Total
-671.4
-285.3
*) Values presented in Loans and other receivables to customers measured at amortized cost include i.a. repayments of receivables previously written off the balance sheet, which in 2022 amounted to PLN 0.4 million compared to PLN 0.7 million in 2021.
Balance sheet impairment for expected credit losses
2022
2021
Loans and other receivables to other banks, including:
0.2
0.1
measured at amortised cost
0.2
0.1
Investment securities, including:
10.5
10.9
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
3.3
3.5
measured at amortised cost
7.2
7.4
Loans and other receivables to customers, including:
3,006.9
2,869.6
measured at amortised cost, including:
2,977.6
2,855.2
corporate banking
1,934.8
1,917.1
corporate and municipal debt securities
4.7
0.3
retail banking
1,042.8
938.1
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
29.3
14.4
Provisions for off-balance sheet liabilities
107.9
78.6
Total
3,125.5
2,959.2
10. Cost of legal risk of FX mortgage loans
2022
2021
Provisions for legal risk of FX indexed mortgage loans, including:
relating to loans in the Bank's portfolio
-271.5
-42.8
relating to repaid loans
-22.8
-13.6
Total
-294.3
-56.4
Detailed information on the legal risk of CHF-indexed mortgage loans is presented later in the report in note 31 . Provisions. Significant assumptions regarding the calculation of legal risk provisions for CHF-indexed mortgage loans are described in Chapter III. Significant accounting principles, in point 3.6 .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
55
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
11. Tax on certain financial institutions
Under the Act on tax on certain financial institutions, banks are charged with the so-called bank tax, amounting to 0.0366% of the value of its assets on a monthly basis. The tax base is the sum of assets reduced by PLN 4 billion and the value of own funds and treasury securities. For 2022, the tax amount was PLN 646.9 million (PLN 544.7 million for 2021).
12. Income tax
Income tax recognised in the income statement
2022
2021
Current tax, of which:
1,120.9
1,353.6
current tax for the financial year
1,141.7
1,423.0
tax on dividends
1.3
1.3
taxes relating to previous years
-22.1
-70.7
Deferred tax, including:
-460.5
-690.5
rise and reversal of temporary differences
56.7
-173.2
tax loss
-517.2
-517.3
Total
660.4
663.1
The tax loss item shows the tax loss incurred by the Bank - tax loss in the amount of PLN -2,722.1 billion fully recognized in deferred tax, i.e. PLN -517.2 million, results from a decrease in IRS valuations, settled-to-market (STM) with KDPW/LCH/EUREX (CCP) clearing houses, on which the Bank, in accordance with its individual interpretation, pays current tax; due to the fact that in 2022, as in 2021, valuations dropped significantly, a cost/receivable was created in the corporate income tax (CIT). In the Bank's opinion, as at 31 December 2022 there is no risk of impairment of the deferred income tax asset.
Current tax for the financial year
2022
2021
Current tax for the financial year included in the income statement
1,141.7
1,423.0
Current tax for the financial year included in equity
-1,141.7
-1,423.0
Total
0.0
0.0
Current income tax assets / liabilities
2022
2021
Current income tax assets
566.0
730.4
Current income tax liabilities
0.0
0.0
For 2021, the Bank used a simplified form of paying corporate income tax advances. In 2021, the Bank recorded a tax loss and therefore, due to the simplified form of paying income tax advances, the advance payments are the Bank's receivable from the Tax Office. In 2022, the Bank resigned from the simplified form of paying the aforementioned advances and due to the fact that in 2022 it recorded a tax loss, it did not pay the advances to the Tax Office. The decrease in current income tax receivables in 2022 results from the deduction of tax liabilities from other taxes (tax on certain financial institutions and value added tax) from the overpayment for 2021.
Calculating the effective tax rate
The deviation in the effective tax rate above 19% in 2022 was mainly due to:
• increase, including:
− tax on certain financial institutions in the amount of PLN 646.9 million (PLN 544.7 million in 2021),
− payments to the BFG (contribution to the guarantee fund of banks and the contribution to the resolution fund) in the amount of PLN 224.3 million (PLN 240.3 million in 2021),
− creation of provisions for legal risk of mortgage loans in foreign currencies in the amount of PLN 292.9 million (PLN 48.8 million in 2021).
• decreases, including:
− change in the accounting treatment of securities for corporate income tax (CIT) – as a result of the change, the Bank recognised a deferred tax asset of 8.3 million, which had the effect of reducing the variance of the effective tax rate above 19%.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
56
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2022
2021
A. Profit before tax
2,374.8
2,971.4
B. 19% of profit before tax
451.2
564.6
C. Increases – non-deductible expenses, including:
243.9
176.8
tax on certain financial institutions
122.9
103.5
prudential fee in favour of BGF
42.6
45.7
provisions for legal risk of foreign currency mortgage loans and commission returns
55.6
9.2
costs of derecognition of credit and non-credit receivables from the balance sheet
2.4
2.1
impairment loss on receivables in a part not covered with the deferred tax
4.4
0.9
provisions for disputable debt claims and other assets
8.7
7.0
State Fund for Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons (PFRON) payments
1.5
1.5
representation expenses
0.6
0.5
other
5.2
6.4
D. Decreases – tax exempt income, including:
34.7
78.3
recognition of a deferred tax asset due to a change in the method of accounting for securities in income tax
8.3
43.9
valuation using the equity method of subsidiaries
25.6
34.0
release of provisions for disputed claims
0.7
0.3
other
0.1
0.1
E. Income tax from the income statement (B+C-D)
660.4
663.1
Effective tax rate (E : A)
27.81%
22.32%
13. Earnings and book value per ordinary share
Basic earnings per share
The calculation of basic earnings per share of the Bank for 2022 was based on net profit of PLN 1,714.4 million (2021: PLN 2,308.3 million) and the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding at the end of 2022 and 2021 in 130,100,000 units.
2022
2021
Net profit
1,714.4
2,308.3
Weighted average number of ordinary shares
130,100,000
130,100,000
Earnings per ordinary share (in PLN)
13.18
17.74
Diluted earnings per share
In 2022 as well as in 2021, there were no factors that would dilute the profit per one share. In the described periods, ING Bank Śląski S.A. issued neither bonds convertible to shares nor options for shares. The share capital comprises ordinary shares only (no preference shares). Therefore, the diluted earnings per share are the same as the underlying profit per share.
Book value per share
The calculation of the book value per share of the Bank for 2022 was based on the amount of equity in the amount of PLN 9,266.9 million (2021: PLN 13,216.1 million) and the number of shares outstanding at the end of 2022 and 2021 in the number of 130,100,000.
2022
2021
Book value
9,266.9
13,216.1
Number of shares
130,100,000
130,100,000
Book value per share (PLN)
71.23
101.58
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
57
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
14. Cash in hand and balances with the Central Bank
2022
2021
Cash in hand
932.6
599.1
Balances with the Central Bank
1,405.0
500.9
Total
2,337.6
1,100.0
The Bank maintains a mandatory reserve in the current account with the National Bank of Poland, the amount of which at the end of 2022 was 3.5% of the value of deposits received (compared to 2.0% at the end of 2021).
The arithmetic mean of the required reserve funds, which the Bank is obliged to maintain in a given period on the current account with NBP, was:
• PLN 6,532.2 million for the period from 30 November 2022 to 1 January 2023,
• PLN 3,370.1 million for the period from 31 December 2021 to 30 January 2022.
The required reserve funds held in the current account with the NBP bear interest during the reserve period in the amount set by the Monetary Policy Council. As at 31 December 2022, the interest rate was 6.75% (0.1% as at 31 December 2021).
15. Loans and other receivables to other banks
2022
2021
Current accounts
329.1
95.0
Interbank deposits:
398.8
125.2
including O/N deposits
21.9
0.0
Loans and advances
2,355.9
2,755.7
Reverse repo transactions
3,759.5
0.0
Placed call deposits
361.1
182.6
Total (gross)
7,204.4
3,158.5
Impairment for expected credit losses
-0.2
-0.1
Total (net)
7,204.2
3,158.4
Loans and receivables to other banks by maturity
2022
2021
without specified maturity
329.1
95.0
up to 1 month
4,469.5
205.3
over 1 month and up to 3 months
27.5
360.1
over 3 months and up to 1 year
136.3
45.1
over 1 year and up to 5 years
2,242.0
2,453.0
Total (gross)
7,204.4
3,158.5
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
58
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
16. Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
2022
2021
transferred debt securities
other finnancial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
Total
transferred debt securities
other finnancial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
Total
Financial assets held for trading, including:
163.8
1,895.8
2,059.6
243.2
1,455.1
1,698.3
valuation of derivatives
-
974.9
974.9
-
629.3
629.3
other financial assets held for trading, including:
163.8
920.9
1,084.7
243.2
825.8
1,069.0
debt securities:
163.8
443.3
607.1
243.2
301.1
544.3
Treasury bonds in PLN
125.2
441.7
566.9
243.2
259.2
502.4
Czech Treasury bonds in CZK
38.6
1.2
39.8
-
41.4
41.4
European Investment Bank bonds
-
0.4
0.4
-
0.5
0.5
repo transactions
-
477.6
477.6
-
524.7
524.7
Financial assets other than those held for trading, measured at fair value through profit or loss, including:
-
56.5
56.5
-
83.2
83.2
loans obligatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss
-
54.6
54.6
-
78.4
78.4
equity instruments
-
1.9
1.9
-
4.8
4.8
Total
163.8
1,952.3
2,116.1
243.2
1,538.3
1,781.5
Detailed disclosures on the nominal values of derivative instruments and their valuation broken down into individual types of derivative instruments along with the remaining dates for their implementation are presented in note 17 . Valuation of derivatives .
Securities that can be pledged or sold by the collateral recipient are presented as transferred debt securities . These assets, as required by IFRS 9, are presented separately by the Bank in the statement of financial position under Transferred assets. For further information on assets pledged as security for liabilities, see note 20 .
In 2022, the Bank sold shares in one company from the portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss. These shares were acquired in 2021 as part of the settlement of the sale of shares in another company. Due to the sale of the aforementioned shares, the Bank recorded a loss of PLN -4.7 million in 2022, which was presented in note 4 . Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result .
Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss (excluding the valuation of derivatives) according to maturity
2022
2021
other financial assets held for trading
loans are obligatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss
equity instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss
Total
other financial assets held for trading
loans are obligatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss
equity instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss
Total
without specified maturity
-
-
1.9
1.9
-
-
4.8
4.8
up to 1 month
510.9
-
-
510.9
524.7
10.2
-
534.9
over 1 month and up to 3 months
-
2.8
-
2.8
-
4.5
-
4.5
over 3 months and up to 1 year
57.1
9.7
-
66.8
7.5
14.1
-
21.6
over 1 year and up to 5 years
402.6
29.2
-
431.8
297.8
45.4
-
343.2
over 5 years
114.1
1.5
-
115.6
239.0
4.2
-
243.2
for which the maturity has expired
-
11.4
-
11.4
-
-
-
0.0
Total
1,084.7
54.6
1.9
1,141.2
1,069.0
78.4
4.8
1,152.2
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
59
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
17. Valuation of derivatives
The tables below present the nominal values of derivatives whose valuation is presented in financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss (positive valuation) and financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss (negative valuation) of the Bank's statement of financial position. Notional amounts of the same-currency transaction derivatives were presented in the amounts purchased, while two-currency transactions showed both purchased and sold amounts.
The fair value valuation of derivatives includes a valuation adjustment for counterparty credit risk (CVA) and Bank default (DVA).
2022
Fair value
Nominal value of instruments with remaining maturity
Assets
Liabilities
up to
3 months
from
3 months
to 1 year
over 1 year
Total
Interest rate derivatives, including:
266.9
929.7
103,751.1
180,595.4
450,278.1
734,624.6
settled via CCP
191.2
164.8
103,097.4
179,157.5
439,859.1
722,114.0
contracts for the future FRA interest rate – PLN
14.5
14.3
66,723.0
54,684.0
5,464.0
126,871.0
Interest rate swaps (IRS PLN) fixed – float
218.2
624.2
32,455.4
118,353.8
407,573.8
558,383.0
Interest rate swaps (IRS EUR) fixed – float
11.2
271.8
1,480.1
6,964.6
26,226.6
34,671.3
Interest rate swaps (IRS USD) fixed – float
2.1
1.2
2,936.0
240.4
5,571.2
8,747.6
Interest rate swaps (IRS CZK) fixed - float
13.6
11.1
0.0
328.2
3,782.1
4,110.3
Interest rate swaps (IRS GBP) fixed - float
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
995.6
995.6
CAP options – EUR
6.7
6.7
156.6
0.0
620.9
777.5
CAP options – PLN
0.4
0.4
0.0
24.4
43.9
68.3
Currency derivatives, including:
705.8
670.7
35,143.5
27,570.3
8,890.0
71,603.8
currency contracts (swap, forward), including:
641.2
605.3
35,143.5
27,570.3
3,451.6
66,165.4
currency contracts (swap, forward) EUR / PLN
113.1
114.3
8,988.3
8,425.4
1,571.1
18,984.8
currency contracts (swap, forward) USD / PLN
260.1
229.5
15,941.4
8,316.9
16.4
24,274.7
currency contracts (swap, forward) EUR / USD
51.7
94.6
5,743.9
2,347.2
189.0
8,280.1
currency contracts (swap, forward) other currency pairs
216.3
166.9
4,469.9
8,480.8
1,675.1
14,625.8
CIRS, inluding:
64.6
65.4
0.0
0.0
5,438.4
5,438.4
CIRS EUR/PLN (float-float)
64.6
65.4
0.0
0.0
5,438.4
5,438.4
Current off-balance sheet transactions, including:
2.2
1.9
8,306.7
-
-
8,306.7
foreign exchange operations
2.2
1.9
2,865.8
-
-
2,865.8
operations in securities
0.0
0.0
5,440.9
-
-
5,440.9
Other off-balance sheet financial instruments
0.0
0.0
1,219.4
-
-
1,219.4
Total
974.9
1,602.3
148,420.7
208,165.7
459,168.1
815,754.5
2021
Fair value
Nominal value of instruments with remaining maturity
Assets
Liabilities
up to
3 months
from
3 months
to 1 year
over 1 year
Total
Interest rate derivatives, including:
237.9
496.8
91,488.3
123,863.6
452,298.7
667,650.6
settled via CCP
137.1
151.8
89,253.3
119,788.2
443,574.5
652,616.0
contracts for the future FRA interest rate – PLN
28.2
36.3
44,590.0
37,622.0
17,894.0
100,106.0
Interest rate swaps (IRS PLN) fixed – float
172.7
402.9
44,389.9
82,946.5
419,338.9
546,675.3
Interest rate swaps (IRS EUR) fixed – float
33.2
55.6
2,260.3
1,618.8
11,601.2
15,480.3
Interest rate swaps (IRS USD) fixed – float
0.5
0.5
224.5
0.0
2,337.0
2,561.5
Interest rate swaps (IRS CZK) fixed - float
2.7
0.9
0.0
0.0
706.6
706.6
CAP options – EUR
0.5
0.5
9.8
1,676.3
373.7
2,059.8
CAP options – PLN
0.1
0.1
13.8
0.0
47.3
61.1
Currency derivatives, including:
389.3
449.8
43,579.9
27,331.3
5,365.0
76,276.2
currency contracts (swap, forward), including:
348.6
402.0
43,372.8
27,005.1
3,442.5
73,820.4
currency contracts (swap, forward) EUR / PLN
63.5
75.1
15,475.1
8,416.4
1,355.7
25,247.2
currency contracts (swap, forward) USD / PLN
120.1
177.4
16,368.7
9,971.3
165.3
26,505.3
currency contracts (swap, forward) EUR / USD
54.4
19.2
5,577.7
2,113.5
0.0
7,691.2
currency contracts (swap, forward) other currency pairs
110.6
130.3
5,951.3
6,503.9
1,921.5
14,376.7
CIRS, inluding:
40.7
47.8
207.1
326.2
1,922.5
2,455.8
CIRS CHF/PLN (float-float)
8.7
30.0
120.8
241.2
0.0
362.0
CIRS EUR/PLN (float-float)
32.0
17.8
86.3
85.0
1,922.5
2,093.8
Current off-balance sheet transactions, including:
2.1
2.4
2,826.9
-
-
2,826.9
foreign exchange operations
1.9
2.4
2,647.4
-
-
2,647.4
operations in securities
0.2
0.0
179.5
-
-
179.5
Total
629.3
949.0
137,895.1
151,194.9
457,663.7
746,753.7
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
60
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Interest rate derivatives IRS/FRA settled-to-market
IRS / FRA interest rate derivatives submitted for clearing via central counterparties / CCP are settled in accordance with the "settlement-to-market / market settlement" approach. Under the terms of the said service, the balance sheet exposure resulting from the transaction is settled on a daily basis based on the change in the fair value of individual transactions. As a result, no Variation Margin is placed. The carrying amount of individual transactions includes cash flows realised as part of the daily settlement of exposures arising therefrom, including cash flows resulting from the settlement of the price alignment amout, which ensures the economic equivalence of the applied approach to the "collateralized-to-market" approach.
18. Hedge accounting
In the financial statements prepared for 2022 (similarly to 2021), the Bank applies fair value hedge accounting and cash flow hedge accounting. The table below presents the valuation of hedging instruments, broken down into instruments securing the fair value of securities and cash flow hedging instruments. The valuation of hedging instruments is presented in the item Derivative hedge instruments in assets (positive valuation) and liabilities (negative valuation) of the statement of financial position of the Bank.
2022
2021
Assets
Liabilities
Assets
Liabilities
Cash flow hedging instruments
139.2
367.2
250.3
218.6
Instruments hedging the fair value of securities
0.0
2.3
0.1
16.8
Total hedging instruments
139.2
369.5
250.4
235.4
For details of the hedge accounting applied by the Bank, refer to the subsequent part of the financial statements, Risk and capital management section, in chapter III.1.10 . Hedge accounting .
19. Investment securities
2022
2021
transferred debt securities
other investment securities
Total
transferred debt securities
other investment securities
Total
Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, including:
0.0
15,728.1
15,728.1
1,266.4
14,329.3
15,595.7
debt securities, including:
0.0
15,607.2
15,607.2
1,266.4
14,161.9
15,428.3
Treasury bonds in PLN
-
12,069.2
12,069.2
1,266.4
11,716.3
12,982.7
Treasury bonds in EUR
-
1,803.4
1,803.4
-
1,022.9
1,022.9
European Investment Bank bonds
-
1,308.9
1,308.9
-
941.4
941.4
Austrian government bonds
-
425.7
425.7
-
481.3
481.3
equity instruments
-
120.9
120.9
-
167.4
167.4
Measured at amortised cost, including:
0.0
32,620.1
32,620.1
771.3
31,190.5
31,961.8
debt securities, including:
0.0
32,620.1
32,620.1
771.3
31,190.5
31,961.8
Treasury bonds in PLN
-
13,352.5
13,352.5
771.3
15,311.5
16,082.8
Treasury bonds in EUR
-
3,192.1
3,192.1
-
4,028.8
4,028.8
European Investment Bank bonds
-
6,815.7
6,815.7
-
5,695.2
5,695.2
Bonds of the Polish Development Fund (PFR)
-
3,858.4
3,858.4
-
3,855.2
3,855.2
Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego bonds
-
1,802.1
1,802.1
-
2,299.8
2,299.8
NBP bills
-
3,599.3
3,599.3
-
-
-
Total
0.0
48,348.2
48,348.2
2,037.7
45,519.8
47,557.5
Securities that can be pledged or sold by the collateral recipient are presented as transferred debt securities . These assets, as required by IFRS 9, are presented separately by the Bank in the statement of financial position under Transferred assets . For further information on assets pledged as security for liabilities, see note 20 .
The value presented in the item equity instruments in the category of assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) includes investments in shares issued by entities that are considered to be material from the perspective of the Bank's operations. The approach to the fair value measurement of these instruments is described in the further part of the report in note 36 . Fair value . In 2022, the Bank received income in the form of dividends in the amount of PLN 6.8 million (PLN 6.7 million in 2021) from the shares held, which was presented in the income statement under Net income on the sale of securities measured at fair value through other comprehensive income and dividend income .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
61
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Investment securities by maturity
2022
2021
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
measured at amortised cost
Total
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
measured at amortised cost
Total
without specified maturity
120.9
-
120.9
167.4
-
167.4
up to 1 month
48.5
3,599.3
3,647.8
-
-
0.0
over 1 month and up to 3 months
-
-
0.0
-
1,127.4
1,127.4
over 3 months and up to 1 year
-
180.6
180.6
57.2
2,763.5
2,820.7
over 1 year and up to 5 years
10,118.6
22,615.2
32,733.8
8,616.1
19,511.4
28,127.5
over 5 years
5,440.1
6,225.0
11,665.1
6,755.0
8,559.5
15,314.5
Total
15,728.1
32,620.1
48,348.2
15,595.7
31,961.8
47,557.5
Quality of investment securities portfolio
2022
2021
Stage 1
Stage 1
gross
impairment for expected credit loss
net
gross
impairment for expected credit loss
net
Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, including:
15,731.4
-3.3
15,728.1
15,599.2
-3.5
15,595.7
debt securities, including:
15,610.5
-3.3
15,607.2
15,431.8
-3.5
15,428.3
Treasury bonds in PLN
12,072.0
-2.8
12,069.2
12,985.9
-3.2
12,982.7
Treasury bonds in EUR
1,803.8
-0.4
1,803.4
1,023.1
-0.2
1,022.9
European Investment Bank bonds
1,309.0
-0.1
1,308.9
941.4
0.0
941.4
Austrian government bonds
425.7
0.0
425.7
481.4
-0.1
481.3
equity instruments
120.9
0.0
120.9
167.4
0.0
167.4
Measured at amortised cost, including:
32,627.3
-7.2
32,620.1
31,969.2
-7.4
31,961.8
debt securities, including:
32,627.3
-7.2
32,620.1
31,969.2
-7.4
31,961.8
Treasury bonds in PLN
13,355.1
-2.6
13,352.5
16,086.5
-3.7
16,082.8
Treasury bonds in EUR
3,193.4
-1.3
3,192.1
4,029.5
-0.7
4,028.8
European Investment Bank bonds
6,816.2
-0.5
6,815.7
5,695.4
-0.2
5,695.2
Bonds of the Polish Development Fund (PFR)
3,859.8
-1.4
3,858.4
3,857.5
-2.3
3,855.2
Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego bonds
1,803.5
-1.4
1,802.1
2,300.3
-0.5
2,299.8
NBP bills
3,599.3
0.0
3,599.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
Total
48,358.7
-10.5
48,348.2
47,568.4
-10.9
47,557.5
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
62
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Investment securities - changes in impairment for expected credit losses
2022
2021
Stage 1
Stage 1
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
measured at amortised cost
Total
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
measured at amortised cost
Total
Opening balance impairment
3.5
7.4
10.9
3.8
5.9
9.7
Changes during the period, including:
-0.2
-0.2
-0.4
-0.3
1.5
1.2
provisions recognised/ reversed
-0.2
-0.2
-0.4
-0.3
1.5
1.2
Closing balance impairment
3.3
7.2
10.5
3.5
7.4
10.9
In 2022, as in 2021, changes in the gross value of investment securities measured at fair value through other comprehensive income and financial assets measured at amortised cost had no material effect on the level of impairment for expected credit losses.
In 2022 and 2021, there were no transfers of investment securities between stages with different valuation of expected credit losses.
20. Assets securing liabilities
Assets securing liabilities that meet the criteria for separate presentation in the statement of financial position (transferred assets)
The Bank presents separately in the statement of financial position, assets securing liabilities that can be pledged or resold by the collateral recipient (transferred assets). IFRS 9.3.2.23(a) requires these assets to be segregated and presented separately from other assets in the statement of financial position.
2022
portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
portfolio of financial assets measured at amortised cost
Total
Bods securing liabilities arising from securities sold with a repurchase agreement (sell-buy-back transactions), including:
Treasury bonds in PLN
125.2
-
-
125.2
Czech Treasury bonds in CZK
38.6
-
-
38.6
Total
163.8
0.0
0.0
163.8
2021
portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
portfolio of financial assets measured at amortised cost
Total
Bods securing liabilities arising from securities sold with a repurchase agreement (sell-buy-back transactions), including:
Treasury bonds in PLN
243.2
1,266.4
771.3
2,280.9
Total
243.2
1,266.4
771.3
2,280.9
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
63
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Other assets securing liabilities
The carrying amount of other assets securing liabilities that do not meet the criteria for separate presentation in the statement of financial position is presented in the table below.
2022
2021
portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
portfolio of financial assets measured at amortised cost
Total
portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
portfolio of financial assets measured at amortised cost
Total
Treasury bonds in PLN, including:
240.9
842.8
1,083.7
186.4
814.1
1,000.5
providing security for the benefit of the Bank Guarantee Fund
-
581.4
581.4
-
592.7
592.7
constituting a block on the obligation to pay a contribution to the guarantee fund of banks
-
199.6
199.6
-
176.2
176.2
constituting a blocking of the obligation to pay a contribution to the banks’ compulsory restructuring fund
240.9
-
240.9
172.4
-
172.4
constituting the lodging of securities collateral for initial margin
-
30.9
30.9
-
31.0
31.0
representing the payment of securities collateral for the initial margin for the ATS Market
-
20.6
20.6
-
7.1
7.1
providing security for the KDPW CCP settlement fund
-
10.3
10.3
-
7.1
7.1
securing a loan received by the subsidiary from the European Investment Bank
-
-
-
14.0
-
14.0
Treasury bonds in EUR, including:
-
73.5
73.5
-
-
-
constituting the margin for the settlement of EUREX transactions
-
73.5
73.5
-
-
-
European Investment Bank bonds, including:
283.7
504.1
787.8
-
264.9
264.9
providing security for settlements with LCH
78.1
354.1
432.2
-
117.6
117.6
constituting the margin for the settlement of EUREX transactions
205.6
124.4
330.0
-
122.3
122.3
in the Euroclear account, earmarked as collateral for transactions not submitted to clearing houses
-
25.6
25.6
-
25.0
25.0
Austrian Government bonds securing the settlements made with LCH
425.7
-
425.7
481.3
-
481.3
Total
950.3
1,420.4
2,370.7
667.7
1,079.0
1,746.7
The blocking of securities takes place taking into account the conditions resulting from:
• Act on the Bank Guarantee Fund, deposit guarantee system and forced restructuring
• Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU) No. 648/2012 of 4 July 2012
• from concluded contracts,
• liabilities under repo agreements.
The Bank has deposited call-type margins as security for derivative transactions. Receivables in this respect are presented in note 15 . Loans and other receivables to other banks and in note 21 . Loans and other receivables to customers .
Restricted assets, apart from the instruments presented in this note, also include the value of the obligatory reserve that the Bank is required to maintain in its current account with the NBP. More information on the required reserve is provided in note 14 . Cash in hand and balances with the Central Bank .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
64
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Securities not constituting the Bank's assets accepted as collateral for liabilities under repo transactions
The market value of securities subject to buy-sell-back / reverse repo transactions amounted to PLN 471.2 million as at December 31, 2022 compared to PLN 508.7 million as at 31 December 2021. As at 31 December 2022, securities with a value of PLN 433.7 million were resold (compared to PLN 481.5 million as at 31 December 2021).
21. Loans and other receivables to customers
2022
2021
measured at amortised cost
137,520.3
127,185.6
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
8,213.2
10,154.9
Total (net)
145,733.5
137,340.5
Some of the mortgage loans have been designated by the Bank for the "Holding and Sell" business model and may be sold to ING Bank Hipoteczny S.A. (being a subsidiary of the Bank) as part of the so-called pooling. These loans are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income.
From the point of view of the consolidated financial statements, pooled loans still meet the criterion of the "Mainte- nance" business model, due to the fact that pooling transactions take place within the Capital Group.
The Bank uses the discounted cash flow model to measure mortgage loans assigned to the portfolio measured at fair value. Due to the use of input data in the valuation model that is not based on observable market data, the valuation technique belongs to Level 3.
Loans and receivables to customers measured at amortised cost
2022
2021
gross
impairment for expected credit loss
net
gross
impairment for expected credit loss
net
Loan portfolio, of which:
138,648.9
-2,977.6
135,671.3
126,791.5
-2,855.2
123,936.3
Corporate banking
86,025.4
-1,934.8
84,090.6
74,724.5
-1,917.1
72,807.4
loans in the current account
19,035.3
-484.1
18,551.2
15,858.9
-560.1
15,298.8
term loans and advances
63,208.0
-1,446.0
61,762.0
55,547.0
-1,356.7
54,190.3
debt securities (corporate and municipal)
3,782.1
-4.7
3,777.4
3,318.6
-0.3
3,318.3
Retail banking
52,623.5
-1,042.8
51,580.7
52,067.0
-938.1
51,128.9
mortgages
43,896.7
-234.9
43,661.8
42,991.5
-200.6
42,790.9
loans in the current account
697.5
-63.5
634.0
685.9
-54.0
631.9
other loans and advances
8,029.3
-744.4
7,284.9
8,389.6
-683.5
7,706.1
Other receivables, of which:
1,849.0
0.0
1,849.0
3,249.3
0.0
3,249.3
call deposits placed
827.6
0.0
827.6
2,531.5
0.0
2,531.5
other
1,021.4
0.0
1,021.4
717.8
0.0
717.8
Total
140,497.9
-2,977.6
137,520.3
130,040.8
-2,855.2
127,185.6
Loans and receivables to customers by maturity
2022
2021
measured at amortised cost
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
measured at amortised cost
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
without specified maturity
19,214.9
0.0
15,875.6
0.0
up to 1 month
5,707.2
25.4
7,422.7
42.5
over 1 month and up to 3 months
6,938.8
26.3
6,309.3
52.9
over 3 months and up to 1 year
13,750.9
92.2
14,174.4
247.7
over 1 year and up to 5 years
43,539.0
727.2
39,600.2
1,469.5
over 5 years
49,726.6
7,339.7
44,790.4
8,342.3
for which the maturity has expired
1,620.5
2.4
1,868.2
0.0
Total (gross)
140,497.9
8,213.2
130,040.8
10,154.9
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
65
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
21.1. Quality of loan portfolio
Quality of the portfolio of loans measured at amortized cost
2022
2021
gross
impairment for expected credit loss
net
gross
impairment for expected credit loss
net
Corporate banking
86,025.4
-1,934.8
84,090.6
74,724.5
-1,917.1
72,807.4
assets in Stage 1
72,485.8
-173.1
72,312.7
67,948.2
-153.0
67,795.2
assets in Stage 2
11,415.6
-444.2
10,971.4
4,512.6
-205.2
4,307.4
assets in Stage 3
2,124.0
-1,317.5
806.5
2,262.2
-1,558.9
703.3
including individually significant assets
1,166.3
-748.7
417.6
1,298.8
-788.2
510.6
POCI assets
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.5
0.0
1.5
Retail banking, including:
52,623.5
-1,042.8
51,580.7
52,067.0
-938.1
51,128.9
mortgages
43,896.7
-234.9
43,661.8
42,991.5
-200.6
42,790.9
assets in Stage 1
39,672.2
-38.1
39,634.1
41,978.7
-14.0
41,964.7
assets in Stage 2
3,978.5
-90.2
3,888.3
714.5
-44.6
669.9
assets in Stage 3
246.0
-106.6
139.4
298.3
-142.0
156.3
other loans
8,726.8
-807.9
7,918.9
9,075.5
-737.5
8,338.0
assets in Stage 1
7,201.2
-145.5
7,055.7
7,805.3
-89.5
7,715.8
assets in Stage 2
878.7
-185.8
692.9
586.1
-90.9
495.2
assets in Stage 3
644.8
-476.6
168.2
681.9
-557.1
124.8
POCI assets
2.1
0.0
2.1
2.2
0.0
2.2
Total
138,648.9
-2,977.6
135,671.3
126,791.5
-2,855.2
123,936.3
assets in Stage 1
119,359.2
-356.7
119,002.5
117,732.2
-256.5
117,475.7
assets in Stage 2
16,272.8
-720.2
15,552.6
5,813.2
-340.7
5,472.5
assets in Stage 3
3,014.8
-1,900.7
1,114.1
3,242.4
-2,258.0
984.4
POCI assets
2.1
0.0
2.1
3.7
0.0
3.7
The Bank identifies POCI financial assets whose carrying amount as at 31 December 2022 was PLN 2.1 million (PLN 3.7 million as at 31 December 2021). These are exposures due to impaired receivables acquired in connection with the acquisition of SKOK Bieszczadzka in 2017, exposures that were significantly modified as a result of restructuring, which involved the need to remove the original credit commitment and re-recognition of the asset in the statement of financial position.
In 2022, credit exposures in the amount of PLN 2,105.2 million were subject to modification of contractual cash flows, which did not result in their exclusion and re-recognition of the financial asset (for comparison, in 2021 these exposures amounted to PLN 2,027.8 million).
In addition, exposures in the amount of PLN 52,771.6 million due to credit holidays were not derecognised and re- recognised as a financial asset.
Modifications to contractual cash flows that do not result in their exclusion and re-recognition of a financial asset, i.e. resulting in the recognition of gains or losses on modifications, result from business premises or credit risk events in the form of forbearance facilities granted to customers. In the event of business premises, the method of determining impairment for expected credit losses does not change. Granting customers facilities (forbearance) indicates a significant increase in credit risk, resulting in classification to Stage 2, in the case of granting another convenience, classification to Stage 3 follows the principles of estimating impairment losses described in chapter III. Significant accounting principles , in item 13.12 . Expected credit losses .
For financial assets where the contractual cash flows have changed during the reporting period, while the corresponding impairment for expected credit losses was valued at an amount equal to the expected lifetime credit loss (ie financial assets in Stages 2 and 3), the amortised cost before modification was PLN 177.7 million PLN, and the net loss on modification amounted to -0.1 million PLN (in 2021: PLN 282.3 million and PLN -2.0 million, respectively).
Gross carrying amount at the end of the reporting period, financial assets that have been modified since initial recognition at the time when the impairment for expected credit losses was valued at an amount equal to the expected life-cycle credit loss (ie financial assets in Stages 2 and 3), and for which the impairment for expected credit losses was during the reporting period, the change to an amount equal to 12 months of expected credit losses (ie there has been a transfer of these financial assets to Stage 1) as at 31 December 2022 was PLN 11.6 million compared to PLN 41.1 million at the end of 2021.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
66
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Quality of the portfolio of loans measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
2022
2021
gross
impairment for expected credit loss
net
gross
impairment for expected credit loss
net
Retail banking
8,242.5
-29.3
8,213.2
10,169.3
-14.4
10,154.9
assets in stage 1
7,303.7
-6.5
7,297.2
10,087.8
-3.0
10,084.8
assets in stage 2
913.1
-13.9
899.2
57.8
-3.4
54.4
assets in stage 2
25.7
-8.9
16.8
23.7
-8.0
15.7
Total
8,242.5
-29.3
8,213.2
10,169.3
-14.4
10,154.9
Sale of non- performing receivables
In 2022, the Bank carried out three transactions of sale of non-performing receivables. The Bank concluded the following agreements regarding the sale of receivables from the impaired portfolio:
• Agreement on the sale of corporate receivables, as a result of which the portfolio of impaired receivables decreased by PLN 106.7 million. The positive impact of the transaction on the Bank's gross result amounted to PLN 8.6 million.
• Agreement on the sale of retail receivables, as a result of which the portfolio of impaired receivables decreased by PLN 218.9 million. The positive impact of the transaction on the Bank's gross result amounted to PLN 64.9 million.
• Agreement for the sale of corporate receivables, as a result of which the portfolio of impaired receivables decreased by PLN 211.8 million. The positive impact of the transaction on the Bank's gross result amounted to PLN 9.2 million.
In 2021, the Bank has completed one sale of non-operating receivables. The Bank entered into an agreement to sell retail and corporate receivables from its impaired portfolio. As a result of the transaction, the portfolio of impaired receivables decreased by PLN 373.4 million. The positive impact of the transaction on the Bank’s pre-tax profit amounted to PLN 61.6 million.
The result on the sale of receivables is presented in the line Profit on the sale of receivables under Impairment for expected credit losses in the income statement.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
67
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Credit quality of exposures to customers exposed to direct and indirect risks caused by the war in Ukraine
Due to the outbreak of war in Ukraine in February 2022, the Bank continuously monitors the situation and reacts adequately to the European Union sanctions, as well as similar sanctions imposed by the United States and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Economic relations with customers and their beneficial owners related to or coming from the Russian Federation, Belarus and the separatist oblasts of Ukraine are monitored and, if necessary, sanctions are taken.
Bank does not operate directly in Ukraine, Russia or Belarus. Nevertheless, the Bank analyzes the customer receivables portfolio on an ongoing basis in terms of links with these markets and risks related to the effects caused by the war (in particular disruptions in the energy sector) and the introduced sanctions. Throughout 2022, the Bank updated the list of clients under observation on an ongoing basis.
As at 31 December 2022, the Bank classified to Stage 2 balance sheet and off-balance sheet exposures with a total value of PLN 2,089.4 million. In 2022, the impairment for expected credit losses related to the analyzed on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet exposures increased by PLN 57.4 million.
The Bank defines direct exposures as exposures to corporate segment customers with their registered office or
owner in Russia, Belarus or Ukraine.
The Bank defines indirect exposures as exposures to corporate segment customers whose share of revenues or
costs in relation to the Ukrainian, Russian and / or Belarusian markets exceeds:
• 25% (or lower, if the dependence on these markets is significant in the individual assessment) for strategic clients,
• 20% for other corporate segment customers.
The table below presents a summary of the Bank's exposures to direct and indirect exposures from the portfolio of corporate clients as at 31 December 2022 and comparable data for the same clients, calculated as at 31 December 2021.
2022
2021
balance sheet exposure in the gross carrying amount
off-balance sheet exposure*
Total
balance sheet exposure in the gross carrying amount
off-balance sheet exposure*
Total
Direct exposures
4.0
8.8
12.8
4.9
8.5
13.4
Stage 1
0.6
8.8
9.4
1.4
8.5
9.9
Stage 2
0.9
0.0
0.9
0.5
0.0
0.5
Stage 3
2.5
0.0
2.5
3.0
0.0
3.0
Indirect exposures
3,137.9
6,786.1
9,924.0
3,751.3
2,473.3
6,224.6
Stage 1
1,891.3
5,944.2
7,835.5
3,363.4
2,374.6
5,738.0
including strategic companies of the State Treasury
704.0
3,134.7
3,838.7
1,965.5
1,209.7
3,175.2
Stage 2
1,246.6
841.9
2,088.5
387.9
98.7
486.6
including strategic companies of the State Treasury
562.1
608.1
1,170.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
*) value of the unused limit in the case of credit products granted, nominal value in the case of guarantees.
Collateral
In line with the lending policy, the Bank accepts collateral to secure repayment of the loans extended in the form of blocked borrower’s account funds and the borrower’s assets. More information about collaterals is presented in section Risk and capital management , in item II.1.6 . Credit risk management .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
68
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Reconciliation of the gross carrying amount (GCA) and changes in impairment for expected credit losses (ECL)
Loans measured at amortized cost
2022
Corporate banking
Retail banking
Total
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
POCI
Total
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
POCI
Total
GCA
ECL
Opening balance
67,948.2
-153.0
4,512.6
-205.2
2,262.2
-1,558.9
1.5
0.0
74,724.5
-1,917.1
49,784.0
-103.5
1,300.6
-135.5
980.2
-699.1
2.2
0.0
52,067.0
-938.1
126,791.5
-2,855.2
Changes in the period, including:
4,537.6
-20.1
6,903.0
-239.0
-138.2
241.4
-1.5
0.0
11,300.9
-17.7
-2,910.6
-80.1
3,556.6
-140.5
-89.4
115.9
-0.1
0.0
556.5
-104.7
11,857.4
-122.4
loans granted in the period
12,126.4
-83.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
12,126.4
-83.6
23,049.3
-75.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
23,049.3
-75.5
35,175.7
-159.1
transfer to Stage 1
711.5
-4.1
-709.2
21.7
-2.2
1.9
-
-
0.1
19.5
233.0
-4.0
-217.3
24.2
-15.7
13.6
-
-
0.0
33.8
0.1
53.3
transfer to Stage 2
-8,237.7
33.3
8,260.7
-287.0
-23.1
21.3
-
-
-0.1
-232.4
-4,034.7
13.9
4,176.5
-191.1
-141.8
80.6
-
-
0.0
-96.6
-0.1
-329.0
transfer to Stage 3
-300.8
3.2
-186.3
23.7
487.1
-221.7
-
-
0.0
-194.8
-297.7
5.8
-135.6
28.5
433.4
-241.8
-
-
0.1
-207.5
0.1
-402.3
repayment (total and partial) and the release of new tranches
238.2
23.1
-462.2
58.2
-277.4
130.8
-1.5
-
-502.9
212.1
-20,139.9
25.6
-206.7
19.1
-186.3
100.5
-0.1
-
-20,533.0
145.2
-21,035.9
357.3
changed provisioning under impairment for expected credit losses*
-
-18.1
-
56.9
-
-45.2
-
-
0.0
-6.4
-
3.5
-
44.1
-
-125.0
-
-
0.0
-77.4
0.0
-83.8
management adjustments
-
27.0
-
-112.4
-
15.4
-
-
0.0
-70.0
-
-49.4
-
-64.4
-
120.0
-
-
0.0
6.2
0.0
-63.8
Total impairment for expected credit losses in the profit and loss account
-19.2
-238.9
-97.5
0.0
-355.6
-80.1
-139.6
-52.1
0.0
-271.8
-627.4
derecognition from the balance sheet (write-downs, sale)
-
-
-
-
-322.6
322.6
-
-
-322.6
322.6
-
-
-
-
-174.7
174.7
-
-
-174.7
174.7
-497.3
497.3
calculation of penalty interest (for late payment)
-
-
-
-
118.4
-
-
-
118.4
0.0
-
-
-
-
50.1
-
-
-
50.1
0.0
168.5
0.0
writing down penalty interest (for late payment)
-
-
-
-
-118.4
-
-
-
-118.4
0.0
-
-
-
-
-50.1
-
-
-
-50.1
0.0
-168.5
0.0
value adjustment due to credit holidays
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.0
0.0
-1,518.8
-
-26.1
-
-4.3
-
-
-
-1,549.2
0.0
-1,549.2
0.0
value adjustment for legal risk of CHF mortgage loans
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.0
0.0
-201.8
-
-34.2
-
-
-
-
-
-236.0
0.0
-236.0
0.0
calculation and write-off of effective interest
-
-
-
-
-
20.4
-
-
0.0
20.4
-
-
-
-
-
5.8
-
-
0.0
5.8
0.0
26.2
other
-
-0.9
-
-0.1
-
-4.1
-
-
0.0
-5.1
-
-
-
-0.9
-
-12.5
-
-
0.0
-13.4
0.0
-18.5
Closing balance
72,485.8
-173.1
11,415.6
-444.2
2,124.0
-1,317.5
0.0
0.0
86,025.4
-1,934.8
46,873.4
-183.6
4,857.2
-276.0
890.8
-583.2
2.1
0.0
52,623.5
-1,042.8
138,648.9
-2,977.6
*) The item changed provisioning under impairment for expected credit losses includes changes resulting from the update in 2022 of the indications of a significant increase in credit risk, resulting in the classification of the exposure to Stage 2, as described in Chapter III. Significant accounting principles , in point 3.1.1 Estimation of expected credit losses for financial assets .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
69
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2021
Corporate banking
Retail banking
Total
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
GCA
ECL
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
POCI
Total
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
POCI
Total
GCA
ECL
Opening balance
57,786.0
-172.3
5,384.5
-200.1
2,414.6
-1,550.1
1.3
0.0
65,586.4
-1,922.5
38,111.7
-140.5
2,040.0
-177.5
1,039.6
-747.2
2.2
0.0
41,193.5
-1,065.2
106,779.9
-2,987.7
Changes in the period, including:
10,162.2
19.3
-871.9
-5.1
-152.4
-8.8
0.2
0.0
9,138.1
5.4
11,672.3
37.0
-739.4
42.0
-59.4
48.1
0.0
0.0
10,873.5
127.1
20,011.6
132.5
loans granted in the period
17,698.8
-66.4
-
-
-
-
0.2
-
17,699.0
-66.4
17,864.7
-55.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
17,864.7
-55.2
35,563.7
-121.6
transfer to Stage 1
1,614.1
-7.9
-1,610.3
36.2
-3.8
3.1
-
-
0.0
31.4
1,254.7
-3.6
-1,241.4
56.1
-13.3
10.7
-
-
0.0
63.2
0.0
94.6
transfer to Stage 2
-2,275.6
15.0
2,295.8
-111.7
-20.2
13.9
-
-
0.0
-82.8
-628.2
8.8
711.1
-79.1
-82.9
42.5
-
-
0.0
-27.8
0.0
-110.6
transfer to Stage 3
-296.2
2.3
-151.3
23.0
447.5
-243.5
-
-
0.0
-218.2
-266.9
6.4
-144.5
36.3
411.4
-248.7
-
-
0.0
-206.0
0.0
-424.2
repayment (total and partial) and the release of new tranches
-6,578.9
23.4
-1,406.1
48.1
-352.1
23.1
-
-
-8,337.1
94.6
-6,239.4
26.9
-331.6
22.3
-156.6
51.9
-
-
-6,727.6
101.1
-15,064.7
195.7
changed provisioning under impairment for expected credit losses
-
81.8
-
24.4
-
-8.7
-
-
0.0
97.5
-
28.6
-
9.8
-
-11.2
-
-
0.0
27.2
0.0
124.7
management adjustments
-
-30.6
-
-25.0
-
-15.4
-
-
0.0
-71.0
-
25.7
-
-3.3
-
-6.8
-
-
0.0
15.6
0.0
-55.4
Total impairment for expected credit losses in the profit and loss account
17.6
-5.0
-227.5
0.0
-214.9
37.6
42.1
-161.6
0.0
-81.9
-296.8
derecognition from the balance sheet (write-downs, sale)
-
-
-
-
-223.8
223.8
-
-
-223.8
223.8
-
-
-
-
-218.0
218.0
-
-
-218.0
218.0
-441.8
441.8
calculation of penalty interest (for late payment)
-
-
-
-
106.8
-
-
-
106.8
0.0
-
-
-
-
26.8
-
-
-
26.8
0.0
133.6
0.0
writing down penalty interest (for late payment)
-
-
-
-
-106.8
-
-
-
-106.8
0.0
-
-
-
-
-26.8
-
-
-
-26.8
0.0
-133.6
0.0
value adjustment for legal risk of CHF mortgage loans
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.0
0.0
-312.6
-
267.0
-
-
-
-
-
-45.6
0.0
-45.6
0.0
calculation and write-off of effective interest
-
-
-
-
-
-15.1
-
-
0.0
-15.1
-
-
-
-
-
15.6
-
-
0.0
15.6
0.0
0.5
other
-
1.7
-
-0.1
-
10.0
-
-
0.0
11.6
-
-0.6
-
-0.1
-
-23.9
-
-
0.0
-24.6
0.0
-13.0
Closing balance
67,948.2
-153.0
4,512.6
-205.2
2,262.2
-1,558.9
1.5
0.0
74,724.5
-1,917.1
49,784.0
-103.5
1,300.6
-135.5
980.2
-699.1
2.2
0.0
52,067.0
-938.1
126,791.5
-2,855.2
Changes in the gross carrying amount of the loan portfolio affect the level of impairment for expected credit losses, primarily through origination of loans in the period, transfers between Stages and repayments made by borrowers.
In 2022, among the loans granted during the year, the most important items are mortgage loans for natural persons (PLN 7,708.7 million), and cash loans for natural persons (PLN 2,787.9 million). A significant part is also short-term loans: revolving loans (PLN 1,082.9 million), working capital loans (PLN 5,977.0 million) and overdrafts (PLN 2,494.3 million). In 2022 penalty interest in the amount of PLN 168.5 million was added to the gross carrying amount of loans and other receivables to customers, which was written off in full. At the end of 2022, the amount of penal interest written off, which is the subject of debt collection activities, amounted to PLN 497.5 million.
In 2021, among loans granted during the year, the most important items were mortgage loans for natural persons (PLN 12,770.7 million), cash loans for natural persons (PLN 3,706.5 million), short-term loans: revolving (PLN 1,872 PLN .7 million), working capital (PLN 3,725.1 million) and overdrafts (PLN 1,475.8 million). In 2021 penalty interest in the amount of PLN 133.6 million was added to the gross carrying amount of loans and other receivables to customers, which was written off in full. At the end of 2021, the amount of penal interest written off, which was the subject of debt collection activities, amounted to PLN 422.6 million.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
70
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Loans measured at fair value through other comprehensive incom
2022
2021
Retail banking
Retail banking
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Total
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Total
Opening balance impairment
3.0
3.4
8.0
14.4
8.9
3.3
6.0
18.2
Changes in the period, including:
3.5
10.5
0.9
14.9
-5.9
0.1
2.0
-3.8
transfer to Stage 1
-
-0.7
-
-0.7
-
-1.8
-
-1.8
transfer to Stage 2
-0.4
11.5
-4.6
6.5
-0.1
2.3
-1.0
1.2
transfer to Stage 3
-
-0.3
6.0
5.7
-
-0.2
4.3
4.1
changed provisioning under impairment for expected credit losses
3.9
-
-0.5
3.4
-5.8
-0.2
-1.3
-7.3
Closing balance impairment
6.5
13.9
8.9
29.3
3.0
3.4
8.0
14.4
Changes in the carrying amount of the portfolio of loans measured at fair value through other comprehensive income are presented in note 36.1 . Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value in the statement of financial position .
22. Investments in subsidiaries and associates accounted for using the equity method
the carrying amount
Name
Type of capital relationship
% of the Bank share in equity
2022
2021
ING Investment Holding (Polska) S.A., that holds shares at the following subsidiaries and associates:
subsidiary
100.00%
431.7
444.8
ING Lease (Polska) Sp. z o.o.*
subsidiary
100.00%
437.5
347.9
ING Commercial Finance Polska S.A.
subsidiary
100.00%
228.1
163.0
SAIO S.A.
subsidiary
100.00%
-0.1
0.0
NN Investment Partners TFI S.A.
associated
45.00%
59.8
34.2
ING Bank Hipoteczny S.A.
subsidiary
100.00%
438.7
503.0
ING Usługi dla Biznesu S.A.
subsidiary
100.00%
27.8
23.2
Nowe Usługi S.A.
subsidiary
100.00%
0.6
0.5
Solver Sp. z o.o. w likwidacji
subsidiary
100.00%
0.0
15.3
Razem
1,624.1
1,531.9
*) The ING Lease (Polska) Sp. z o.o Group incorporates 5 special-purpose vehicles wherein ING Lease Polska Sp. z o.o holds 100% of shares.
Changes in the portfolio of investments in subsidiaries and associates accounted for using the equity method
• In August 2022, a new subsidiary was established in the Capital Group - SAIO S.A. The direct owner of the entity is ING Investment Holding (Polska) S.A., which holds 100% of the share capital of the company, amounting to PLN 1 million. The company was registered in the National Court Register on 4 October 2022.
• On 18 May 2022, the liquidation of the Bank's subsidiary, SOLVER Sp. z o.o, was completed. On 25 August 2022, the District Court in Katowice issued a decision to remove the company from the National Court Register.
The reconciliation of the carrying amount of investments in subsidiaries and associates for 2022 and 2021 is presented below.
2022
2021
Opening balance
1,531.9
1,354.1
purchase of shares
1.3
0.0
valuation using the equity method in the period
134.6
179.1
dividends received
-27.9
0.0
other
-15.8
-1.3
Closing balance
1,624.1
1,531.9
23. Property, plant and equipment
2022
2021
Right of use assets, including:
387.1
309.1
real estate
372.7
292.8
means of transport
14.3
16.3
other assets
0.1
0.0
Own real estate
245.1
259.2
Investments in non-owned fixed assets
87.3
50.4
Computer hardware
122.2
84.6
Other property, plant and equipment
58.4
73.6
Fixed assets under construction
26.4
38.5
Total
926.5
815.4
There are no legal constraints on property, plant and equipment at the end of 2022 and 2021.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
71
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
The following pages present changes in the gross value and accumulated depreciation for individual groups of property, plant and equipment that took place in 2022 and 2021.
2022
right of use assets
real estate
means of transport
other assets
Total
own real estate
investments in non- owned fixed assets
computer hardware
other property, plant and equipment
fixed assets under construction
Total
Opening gross value
549.4
36.0
0.9
586.3
422.1
344.8
372.6
443.6
38.5
2,207.9
Additions, including:
186.1
7.8
0.4
194.3
13.0
132.8
82.0
20.3
120.9
563.3
new contracts for the right of use
53.9
6.4
-
60.3
-
-
-
-
-
60.3
adjustment of the asset in connection with the recalculation of the lease liability
132.2
1.4
0.4
134.0
-
-
-
-
-
134.0
purchases
-
-
-
0.0
-
28.4
-
-
120.9
149.3
investment takeovers
-
-
-
0.0
12.6
12.5
82.0
18.7
-
125.8
reclassification to/from another category of property, plant and equipment
-
-
-
0.0
0.4
91.9
-
1.6
-
93.9
Reductions, including:
-31.5
-3.9
0.0
-35.4
-8.1
-3.8
-1.2
-86.2
-133.0
-267.7
early termination of the contract
-24.3
-3.7
-
-28.0
-
-
-
-
-
-28.0
adjustment of the asset in connection with the recalculation of the lease liability
-7.2
-0.2
-
-7.4
-
-
-
-
-
-7.4
sale and liquidation
-
-
-
0.0
-2.2
-1.4
-1.2
-0.3
-
-5.1
investment takeovers
-
-
-
0.0
-
-
-
-
-125.8
-125.8
reclassification to non-current assets held for sale
-
-
-
0.0
-5.4
-0.1
-
-0.9
-
-6.4
reclassification to/from another category of property, plant and equipment
-
-
-
0.0
-0.5
-1.5
-
-85.0
-6.9
-93.9
other
-
-
-
0.0
-
-0.8
-
-
-0.3
-1.1
Fair value change, including:
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-7.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-7.1
included in income statement*
-
-
-
0.0
-7.1
-
-
-
-
-7.1
Closing gross value
704.0
39.9
1.3
745.2
419.9
473.8
453.4
377.7
26.4
2,496.4
Opening accumulated depreciation
-256.6
-19.7
-0.9
-277.2
-162.9
-294.4
-288.0
-370.0
0.0
-1,392.5
Changes in the period, including:
-74.7
-5.9
-0.3
-80.9
-11.9
-92.1
-43.2
50.7
0.0
-177.4
depreciation charges
-91.2
-9.6
-0.3
-101.1
-14.2
-29.1
-43.2
-12.8
-
-200.4
reduction in scope and early termination of the contract
16.5
3.7
-
20.2
-
-
-
-
20.2
reclassification to non-current assets held for sale
-
-
-
0.0
1.8
0.1
-
0.9
-
2.8
reclassification to/from another category of property, plant and equipment
-
-
-
0.0
0.5
-63.1
-
62.6
0.0
Closing accumulated depreciation
-331.3
-25.6
-1.2
-358.1
-174.8
-386.5
-331.2
-319.3
0.0
-1,569.9
Closing net value
372.7
14.3
0.1
387.1
245.1
87.3
122.2
58.4
26.4
926.5
*) in line General and administrative expenses , in detailed item maintenance costs of buildings and real estate valuation to fair value .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
72
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2021
right of use assets
real estate
means of transport
other assets
Total
own real estate
investments in non- owned fixed assets
computer hardware
other property, plant and equipment
fixed assets under construction
Total
Opening gross value
512.9
32.7
0.7
546.3
423.8
335.8
355.5
418.2
29.5
2,109.1
Additions, including:
59.3
7.1
0.2
66.6
21.5
9.6
17.9
28.6
86.2
230.4
new contracts for the right of use
10.2
6.6
-
16.8
-
-
-
-
-
16.8
adjustment of the asset in connection with the recalculation of the lease liability
49.1
0.5
0.2
49.8
-
-
-
-
-
49.8
purchases
-
-
-
0.0
-
-
-
-
86.2
86.2
investment takeovers
-
-
-
0.0
21.3
9.6
17.9
28.4
-
77.2
reclassification from non-current assets held for sale
-
-
-
0.0
0.2
-
-
0.2
-
0.4
Reductions, including:
-22.8
-3.8
0.0
-26.6
-11.8
-0.6
-0.8
-3.2
-77.2
-120.2
early termination of the contract
-16.8
-3.5
-
-20.3
-
-
-
-
-
-20.3
adjustment of the asset in connection with the recalculation of the lease liability
-6.0
-0.3
-
-6.3
-
-
-
-
-
-6.3
sale and liquidation
-
-
-
0.0
-
-0.6
-0.8
-1.7
-
-3.1
investment takeovers
-
-
-
0.0
-
-
-
-
-77.2
-77.2
reclassification to non-current assets held for sale
-
-
-
0.0
-11.8
-
-
-1.5
-
-13.3
Fair value change, including:
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-11.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-11.4
included in other comprehensive income
-
-
-
0.0
-0.4
-
-
-
-
-0.4
included in income statement*
-
-
-
0.0
-11.0
-
-
-
-
-11.0
Closing gross value
549.4
36.0
0.9
586.3
422.1
344.8
372.6
443.6
38.5
2,207.9
Opening accumulated depreciation
-172.0
-13.7
-0.6
-186.3
-157.2
-276.3
-245.3
-349.6
0.0
-1,214.7
Changes in the period, including:
-84.6
-6.0
-0.3
-90.9
-5.7
-18.1
-42.7
-20.4
0.0
-177.8
depreciation charges
-94.0
-9.4
-0.3
-103.7
-12.9
-18.1
-42.7
-21.7
-
-199.1
reduction in scope and early termination of the contract
9.4
3.4
-
12.8
-
-
-
-
12.8
reclassification to non-current assets held for sale
-
-
-
0.0
7.2
-
-
1.5
-
8.7
reclassification from non-current assets held for sale
-
-
-
0.0
-
-
-
-0.2
-
-0.2
Closing accumulated depreciation
-256.6
-19.7
-0.9
-277.2
-162.9
-294.4
-288.0
-370.0
0.0
-1,392.5
Closing net value
292.8
16.3
0.0
309.1
259.2
50.4
84.6
73.6
38.5
815.4
*) in line General and administrative expenses , in detailed item maintenance costs of buildings and real estate valuation to fair value .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
73
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Contractual obligations to purchase property, plant and equipment
In 2022, the Bank concluded agreements with counterparties that in the future will affect increase in the value of property, plant and equipment of PLN 20.0 million. These are framework agreements and their value will be estimated under cost overviews developed in performance thereof. The agreements refer to real properties (buildings and structures), leasehold improvements, non-current assets under construction and other non-current assets.
At the end of 2021, the Bank had contracts (partly of a framework nature) regarding real estate (buildings and structures), investments in foreign fixed assets, fixed assets under construction and other fixed assets for the total amount of PLN 1.1 million
24. Intangible assets
2022
2021
Goodwill obtained as a result of a branch of ING Bank NV contributed in kind
223.3
223.3
Software
148.0
117.1
Outlays for intangible assets
20.5
14.6
Other intangible assets
1.4
1.1
Total
393.2
356.1
Changes in 2022 and 2021 in particular groups of intangible assets are presented below.
2022
Goodwill
Software
Outlays for intangible
assets
Other
intangible
assets
Total
Opening gross value
223.3
1,234.3
14.6
18.0
1,490.2
Additions, including:
0.0
96.9
105.1
1.3
203.3
purchases
-
-
105.1
-
105.1
investment takeovers
-
96.9
-
1.3
98.2
Reductions, including:
0.0
-0.2
-99.2
0.0
-99.4
investment takeovers
-
-
-98.2
-
-98.2
other
-
-0.2
-1.0
-
-1.2
Closing gross value
223.3
1,331.0
20.5
19.3
1,594.1
Opening accumulated depreciation
0.0
-1,117.2
0.0
-16.9
-1,134.1
Changes in the period, including:
0.0
-65.8
0.0
-1.0
-66.8
depreciation charges
-
-65.8
-
-1.0
-66.8
Closing accumulated depreciation
0.0
-1,183.0
0.0
-17.9
-1,200.9
Closing net value
223.3
148.0
20.5
1.4
393.2
2021
Goodwill
Software
Outlays for intangible
assets
Other
intangible
assets
Total
Opening gross value
223.3
1,193.5
30.9
16.6
1,464.3
Additions, including:
0.0
40.8
25.9
1.4
68.1
purchases
-
-
25.9
-
25.9
investment takeovers
-
40.8
-
1.4
42.2
Reductions, including:
0.0
0.0
-42.2
0.0
-42.2
investment takeovers
-
-
-42.2
-
-42.2
Closing gross value
223.3
1,234.3
14.6
18.0
1,490.2
Opening accumulated depreciation
0.0
-1,044.1
0.0
-15.9
-1,060.0
Changes in the period, including:
0.0
-73.1
0.0
-1.0
-74.1
depreciation charges
-
-73.1
-
-1.0
-74.1
Closing accumulated depreciation
0.0
-1,117.2
0.0
-16.9
-1,134.1
Closing net value
223.3
117.1
14.6
1.1
356.1
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
74
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Contractual obligations to purchase intangible assets
In 2022, the Bank concluded agreements with contractors for the future purchase of intangible assets for a total amount of PLN 69.9 million, however, due to the framework nature of some of the agreements, this amount is not the target amount. These agreements, as in the previous year, concern the purchase of licenses and the implementation of computer software.
At the end of 2021, the Bank had contracts (partly of a framework nature) for the purchase of licenses and software implementation for a total amount of PLN 24.4 million.
Impairment test of cash generating units with respective goodwill
The goodwill impairment test is carried out at least once every year, irrespective of identification of any triggers for impairment.
At the Bank, the impairment test covered the goodwill obtained as a result of a branch of ING Bank NV contributed in kind, which was assigned to the corporate activity of the Bank. The smallest identifiable cash-generating units were determined and goodwill totalling PLN 223.3 million was assigned thereto. No other additional elements of intangible value and indefinite useful life were identified that could be assigned to the identified cash-generating units.
The test input data cover the economic capital, risk-weighted assets and profit before tax per segment and effective tax rate. The test is performed using the model that calculates and compares the current value of free cash flow of the unit to the estimated book value of the unit’s funds. The cash flows of the unit are defined as net profits less capital needed to maintain the solvency ratio at the required level.
A discount rate of 13.34% representing the weighted average cost of capital, estimated on the basis of the risk-free rate (6.86%), beta factor (1.08) and share price risk premium (6.00%), was used to discount the flows as at 2022 yearend. As at 2021 yearend, the discount rate used to discount the flows was 8.97% and was estimated based on a risk-free rate of 3.67%, a beta factor of 1.06 and a share price risk premium of 5.00%. Other assumptions include the nominal growth rate after the forecast period (3.5% at the end of 2022 and 2.5% at the end of 2021).
The recoverable value was determined based on the estimation of the useable value of the assets component taking into account the estimated forecast of expected future cash flows generated during the continued use. The cash flow forecasts are based on rational assumptions that reflect the most accurate appraisal of the management regarding all the conditions that will appear during the remaining lifetime of the assets. The cash flow forecasts are based on mid-term plan approved by the Bank and the strategy covering the maximum period of the next three
years. The data regarding the subsequent years come from extrapolation. Extrapolation assumes that the cash flow generating centre will maintain the gross profit to risk weighted assets ratio at the level from the last year of the Bank’s forecast and its profits will increase by previously determined growth rate. Legitimacy of the assumptions made is verified periodically, and any divergence between the cash flows estimated based on the future cash flows and the actual ones is analysed as appropriate.
The test showed the surplus of present value over the net book value of the cash-generating unit thus no impairment was determined.
As at 31 December 2022, the sensitivity analysis of the goodwill impairment test shows that:
1) increasing the discount rate by 1 p.p. would result in a decrease in the surplus of net cash flows over the net book value of the cash-generating unit by 28% (compared to 27% at the end of 2021),
2) reduction of the discount rate by 1 p.p. would result in an increase in the surplus of net cash flows over the net book value of the cash-generating unit by 34% (compared to 36% at the end of 2021).
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
75
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
25. Deferred tax
Movements in temporary differences during the year
2022
Opening balance
Changes carried through profit or loss
Changes carried through other comprehensive income
Closing balance
Deferred tax assets
tax loss
517.3
517.2
-
1,034.5
impairment for expected credit losses
328.7
59.2
-
387.9
revaluation of financial instruments
424.0
-337.4
58.4
145.0
settlement of the difference between tax and balance sheet depreciation
13.6
4.3
-
17.9
provisions
105.5
37.6
-
143.1
employee benefits
66.1
-1.8
-
64.3
effective interest rate adjustment
0.0
85.8
18.1
103.9
financial leasing
0.0
-
-
0.0
other
11.7
0.3
-
12.0
Total
1,466.9
365.2
76.5
1,908.6
Deferred tax losses
revaluation of financial instruments
123.3
-0.1
-22.7
100.5
accrued interest
207.5
-51.6
-
155.9
settlement of prepayments/accruals due to depreciation/ amortisation resulting from the investment relief
0.9
-0.2
-
0.7
effective interest rate adjustment
16.8
-42.2
25.4
0.0
financial leasing
0.7
0.3
-
1.0
other
1.9
-1.5
-
0.4
Total
351.1
-95.3
2.7
258.5
Deferred tax disclosed in the balance sheet, of which:
1,115.8
460.5
73.8
1,650.1
Deferred tax assets
1,650.1
2021
Opening balance
Changes carried through profit or loss
Changes carried through other comprehensive income
Closing balance
Deferred tax assets
tax loss
0.0
517.3
-
517.3
impairment for expected credit losses
333.3
-4.6
-
328.7
revaluation of financial instruments
232.3
206.1
-14.4
424.0
settlement of the difference between tax and balance sheet depreciation
18.7
-5.1
-
13.6
provisions
82.3
23.2
-
105.5
employee benefits
54.3
11.8
-
66.1
effective interest rate adjustment
8.9
18.2
-27.1
0.0
financial leasing
0.1
-0.1
-
0.0
other
2.1
9.6
-
11.7
Total
732.0
776.4
-41.5
1,466.9
Deferred tax losses
revaluation of financial instruments
293.6
-
-170.3
123.3
accrued interest
165.9
41.6
-
207.5
settlement of prepayments/accruals due to depreciation/ amortisation resulting from the investment relief
0.9
-
-
0.9
effective interest rate adjustment
0.0
42.2
-25.4
16.8
financial leasing
0.0
0.7
-
0.7
other
0.5
1.4
-
1.9
Total
460.9
85.9
-195.7
351.1
Deferred tax disclosed in the balance sheet, of which:
271.1
690.5
154.2
1,115.8
Deferred tax assets
1,115.8
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
76
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Deferred tax recognised directly in equity
2022
2021
Deferred tax in accumulated other comprehensive income, due to:
-45.5
29.6
financial assets valued through other comprehensive income - debt instruments
-12.0
42.6
financial assets valued through other comprehensive income - equity instruments
18.4
27.2
financial assets valued through other comprehensive income - loans
-18.1
-25.4
property, plant and equipment
0.1
0.1
cash flow hedges
-29.6
-9.9
actuarial gains/losses
-4.3
-5.0
Deferred tax in retained earnings due to:
1.3
0.0
incentive employee programs
1.3
0.0
Total
-44.2
29.6
26. Other assets
2022
2021
Prepayments, including:
93.5
152.0
accrued income
50.4
86.9
due to commissions
0.8
21.3
due to general and administrative expenses
42.3
43.8
Other assets, including:
27.1
14.7
settlements with recipients
14.3
11.3
public and legal settlements
1.8
1.2
non-current assets held for sale
2.2
0.0
other
8.8
2.2
Total
120.6
166.7
including financial assets
24.9
14.7
Non-current assets held for sale
The amount of non-current assets held for sale as at 31 December 2022 consisted of one property, reclassified from property, plant and equipment. The property is available for immediate sale in its current condition. The Bank intends to sell this property using the services of specialized companies that search for buyers using a variety of available means (advertisements, dedicated mailing, contact with other brokerage offices, etc.). The real estate is to be sold within 12 months from the date of reclassification.
As at 31 December 2021, the Bank did not have any non-current assets held for sale.
The table below presents the change in non-current assets held for sale in 2022 and 2021.
2022
2021
Opening value
0.0
0.5
Additions, including:
3.6
4.6
reclassification from property, plant and equipment
3.6
4.6
Reductions, including:
-0.9
-5.1
sale
-0.9
-4.9
reclassification to property, plant and equipment
-
-0.2
fair value change, including:
-0.5
-
included in income statement*
-0.5
-
Closing value
2.2
0.0
*) in line General and administrative expenses , in detailed item maintenance costs of buildings and real estate valuation to fair value .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
77
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
26.1. Quality of other financial assets
2022
2021
gross
impairment for expected credit loss
net
gross
impairment for expected credit loss
net
assets in Stage 1
24.9
0.0
24.9
14.7
0.0
14.7
assets in Stage 3
44.0
-44.0
0.0
42.6
-42.6
0.0
Total
68.9
-44.0
24.9
57.3
-42.6
14.7
Changes in impairment for expected credit losses
2022
2021
Stage 1
Stage 3
Total
Stage 1
Stage 3
Total
Opening balance impairment
0.0
42.6
42.6
0.0
41.0
41.0
Changes in the period, including:
0.0
1.4
1.4
0.0
1.6
1.6
additional provision for expected credit losses
0.0
7.0
7.0
0.0
6.6
6.6
exclusion from the statement of financial position as a result of write- down
0.0
-0.8
-0.8
0.0
-1.9
-1.9
exclusion from the statement of financial position due to repayment
0.0
-4.8
-4.8
0.0
-3.1
-3.1
Odpis na koniec okresu
0.0
44.0
44.0
0.0
42.6
42.6
Reconciliation of the gross carrying amount
2022
2021
Stage 1
Stage 3
Total
Stage 1
Stage 3
Total
Opening balance of gross carrying amount
14.7
42.6
57.3
17.7
41.0
58.7
Changes in the period, including:
10.2
1.4
11.6
-3.0
1.6
-1.4
transfer to Stage 3
-7.0
7.0
0.0
-6.6
6.6
0.0
exclusion from the statement of financial position due to write-down
0.0
-0.8
-0.8
0.0
-1.9
-1.9
recognition of new financial instruments, repayments and other changes
17.2
-4.8
12.4
3.6
-3.1
0.5
Closing gross value
24.9
44.0
68.9
14.7
42.6
57.3
27. Liabilities to other banks
2022
2021
Current accounts
491.0
413.4
Interbank deposits
81.5
3,553.9
Repo transactions
0.0
1,991.4
Received call deposits
80.0
242.2
Other liabilities
5.2
15.5
Total
657.7
6,216.4
Liabilities to other banks by maturity
2022
2021
without specified maturity
493.1
414.6
up to 1 month
100.3
5,799.6
over 1 month and up to 3 months
23.4
2.2
over 3 months and up to 1 year
40.9
0.0
Total
657.7
6,216.4
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
78
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
28. Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss
2022
2021
Valuation of derivatives
1,602.3
949.0
Other financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss, including:
601.5
730.6
book short position in trading securities
437.3
486.2
financial liabilities held for trading, including:
164.2
244.4
repo transactions
164.2
244.4
Total
2,203.8
1,679.6
Detailed disclosures on the nominal values of derivative instruments and their valuation broken down into individual types of derivative instruments along with the remaining dates for their implementation are presented in note 17 . Valuation of derivatives .
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss (excluding valuation of derivatives) by maturity
2022
2021
up to 1 month
164.2
244.4
over 1 year and up to 5 years
263.6
211.5
over 5 years
173.7
274.7
Total
601.5
730.6
29. Liabilities to customers
2022
2021
Deposits, including:
189,275.9
168,564.1
Corporate banking
84,775.4
69,135.5
current deposits
53,794.4
55,863.3
saving deposits
18,060.1
12,478.2
term deposits
12,920.9
794.0
Retail banking
104,500.5
99,428.6
current deposits
27,265.1
28,641.5
saving deposits
69,381.1
69,286.6
term deposits
7,854.3
1,500.5
Other liabilities, including:
2,966.7
1,540.0
liabilities under monetary hedges
743.8
476.3
call deposits
11.4
12.5
other liabilities
2,211.5
1,051.2
Total
192,242.6
170,104.1
Liabilities to customers by maturity
2022
2021
without specified maturity
169,385.2
167,896.1
up to 1 month
12,393.1
1,064.7
over 1 month and up to 3 months
5,201.5
455.5
over 3 months and up to 1 year
5,224.5
651.0
over 1 year and up to 5 years
38.1
35.4
over 5 years
0.2
1.4
Total
192,242.6
170,104.1
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
79
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
30. Subordinated liabilities
Bank has in its balance sheet two subordinated loans resulting from agreements with the parent entity, i.e. with ING Bank N.V. based in Amsterdam. These are:
• Agreement concluded on 30 October 2018 for the amount of EUR 100.0 million. After signing the loan agreement, the Bank applied to the Polish Financial Supervision Authority for permission to recognize the amount of the loan under Tier 2 capital. The permission was obtained on 30 January 2019.
• Agreement concluded on 30 September 2019 for the amount of EUR 250.0 million. After signing the loan agreement, the Bank applied to the Polish Financial Supervision Authority for permission to recognize the amount of the loan under Tier 2 capital. The permission was obtained on 28 November 2019.
All loans were loan was granted for 10 years. The Bank has the right to prepay of each loan after the lapse of 5 years, provided the relevant approval of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority (PFSA) is obtained. Interest will be paid quarterly at the 3M EURIBOR rate plus margin (1.22% for the 2018 loan and 1.66% for loan from 2019). The financial terms and conditions of the loans were set on an arm’s length basis.
At the end of 2022, the carrying amount of subordinated loans totaled PLN 1,643.9 million (PLN 1,610.3 million at the end of 2021).
31. Provisions
2022
2021
Provision for off-balance sheet liabilities
107.9
78.6
Provision for retirement benefits
70.2
69.4
Provision for disputes
33.7
42.4
Provision for restructuring
49.4
67.6
Provision for legal risk of FX mortgage loans *
53.7
37.6
Other provisions
32.9
36.8
Total
347.8
332.4
*) The figures presented for 2022 and 2021 represent the provision relating to CHF-indexed mortgages derecognised from the statement of financial position. With respect to CHF-indexed mortgage loans recognised in the statement of financial position, the Bank estimates the adjustment to the gross carrying amount and recognises it in the statement of financial position, under Loans and other receivables to customers . In Chapter III. Significant accounting principles , in item 3.6 . Write-downs and portfolio provisions related to the portfolio of mortgage loans indexed to the CHF exchange rate are presented the change in 2022 and 2021 of both provisions and adjustment to the gross carrying amount due to the legal risk of CHF-indexed mortgages.
The tables below present the movements in the individual provisions in 2022 and 2021.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
80
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2022
Provision for off-balance sheet liabilities
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Total
Provision for retirement benefits
Provision for disputes
Provision for restructuring
Provision for legal risk
Other provisions
Total
Opening balance
32.8
22.4
23.4
78.6
69.4
42.4
67.6
37.6
36.8
332.4
provisions recognised/ reversed
6.5
31.6
-8.8
29.3
4.5
22.9
-
21.4
-
78.1
reclassification due to full repayment of loans
-
-
-
0.0
-
-
-
3.0
-
3.0
utilisation
-
-
-
0.0
-
-31.6
-18.2
-8.3
-3.9
-62.0
actuarial gains/losses
-
-
-
0.0
-3.7
-
-
-
-
-3.7
Closing balance
39.3
54.0
14.6
107.9
70.2
33.7
49.4
53.7
32.9
347.8
Expected provision settlement period:
up to 1 year
0.0
5.4
13.6
4.1
0.0
6.5
29.6
over 1 year
107.9
64.8
20.1
45.3
53.7
26.4
318.2
2021
Provision for off-balance sheet liabilities
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Total
Provision for retirement benefits
Provision for disputes
Provision for restructuring
Provision for legal risk
Other provisions
Total
Opening balance
38.5
14.3
34.1
86.9
59.4
21.2
48.6
11.8
22.9
250.8
provisions recognised/ reversed
-5.7
8.1
-10.9
-8.5
2.7
21.5
30.8
13.2
16.2
75.9
reclassification due to full repayment of loans
-
-
-
0.0
-
-
-
14.3
-
14.3
utilisation
-
-
-
0.0
-
-0.3
-11.8
-1.7
-2.3
-16.1
actuarial gains/losses
-
-
-
0.0
7.3
-
-
-
-
7.3
other
-
-
0.2
0.2
-
-
-
-
-
0.2
Closing balance
32.8
22.4
23.4
78.6
69.4
42.4
67.6
37.6
36.8
332.4
Expected provision settlement period:
up to 1 year
0.0
4.2
24.2
31.1
0.0
8.8
68.3
over 1 year
78.6
65.2
18.2
36.5
37.6
28.0
264.1
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
81
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Provision for retirement benefits
Provisions for retirement severance pay are estimated on the basis of actuarial valuation with discount rate, which at the end of 2022 stood at 7% (2.8 % at the end of 2021). The actuarial valuation-based provision is recognised and reviewed per annum.
The table below includes revision of the balance-sheet liability.
2022
2021
Opening balance
69.4
59.4
Costs included in the income statement, including:
6.3
4.4
regular employment costs
4.4
3.7
costs of interest
1.9
0.7
Actuarial gains / losses
-3.7
7.3
Paid benefits
-1.8
-1.7
Closing balance
70.2
69.4
Provision for disputes
The value of the proceedings conducted in 2022 concerning liabilities and debt claims did not exceed 10% of the Bank’s equity. The Bank is of the opinion that none of the proceedings conducted in 2022 before court, competent authority for arbitration proceedings or public administration authority, pose a risk to the Bank’s financial liquidity, individually or in total.
Provision for restructuring
The provision for restructuring was recognized as a result of the Bank’s transformation first initiated in 2016. The effect will be a gradual reduction of the number of employees due to, among others, switching to remote channels, digitalization and automation of processes and further reduction of the number of branches. The provision is expected to be utlised during 2023 and 2024.
Legal risk related to the portfolio of loans indexed to CHF
Significant assumptions regarding the calculation of the amount of the adjustment to gross carrying amount due to legal risk for the portfolio of CHF-indexed mortgage loans reported in the statement of financial position and the amount of provisions for CHF-indexed mortgage loans already removed from the statement of financial position as at 31 December 2022 are described in chapter III. Significant accounting principles , in point 3.6 .
To date, the Bank has not received any class action, and neither of the clauses used by the Bank in the agreements has been entered in the register of prohibited clauses.
The most important findings of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the Supreme Court in recent years regarding loan agreements indexed or denominated in foreign currencies are presented below.
On 3 October 2019, the CJEU issued a judgment concerning the possible consequences of recognizing by a national court that a given contractual provision is abusive. The Court confirmed that the evaluation of the contract should not be automatic. It is up to the national court to assess whether, after finding that a given provision is abusive, the contract - in accordance with national law - cannot continue to be in force without such a provision. It is also for the national court to assess the potential consequences for the consumer of the annulment of the credit agreement in question.
On 7 May 2021, the Civil Chamber of the Supreme Court, composed of 7 judges, adopted a resolution, at the same time giving this resolution the force of a legal principle, which means that it will affect the jurisprudence of the courts. The Supreme Court decided that the provision considered abusive (ineffective) from the beginning is not binding. In addition, according to this resolution, if the court finds the loan agreement invalid, each party will settle separately. Thus, the Supreme Court upholds the position that the bank's and the consumer's claims are independent and do not automatically offset each other. The Supreme Court did not decide that each indexed or denominated loan agreement should be annulled. A finding that a contractual provision is abusive should, as a rule, result in the application by national courts of such solutions that restore the balance. According to the Supreme Court, the contract should be considered definitively ineffective if the consumer - duly informed about the consequences - does not agree to be bound by a provision considered abusive.
On 11 May 2021, a meeting of the full composition of the Civil Chamber of the Supreme Court took place. During the session, the motion of the First President of the Supreme Court of 29 January 2021 was to be considered to adopt a resolution on legal issues related to loans denominated and indexed in foreign currencies, such as:
− whether it is possible to adopt a different method of determining the foreign currency exchange rate in the loan agreement resulting from the law or custom,
− if it is impossible to adopt a foreign currency exchange rate resulting from the provisions of law or custom, the contract may be binding in the remaining scope,
− whether in the event of invalidity or ineffectiveness of the contract, separate claims of the parties to the contract arise, or does one compensated benefit arise,
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− whether in the event of invalidity or ineffectiveness of the agreement, the party (parties) is entitled to demand remuneration for the use of its funds by the other party.
The Civil Chamber of the Supreme Court adjourned the meeting indefinitely. Until the date of approval of these financial statements, the meeting has still not been held.
The ruling of the Supreme Court may affect the assumptions made in the model for estimating the Bank's gross book value adjustments resulting from legal risk for the portfolio of CHF-indexed mortgage loans disclosed in the statement of financial position and provisions for legal risk for CHF-indexed mortgage loans already removed from the statement of financial position.
Information provided by attorneys representing banks in CHF disputes shows that in many courts a practice has been developed to refrain from examining the grounds for abusiveness of indexation clauses. More and more judges are of the opinion that it has already been decided that if an indexation clause refers to the bank’s exchange rate table, it is abusive. Therefore, judges give up the assessment of a given, specific contractual provision, and their considerations focus only on the analysis of whether the agreement can continue to be performed without this provision. Judgments show that most often the courts do not see such a possibility and declare the loan agreement invalid. The above practice is reflected in the increase in the number of court cases lost by banks over the last three years.
On 8 September 2022, the CJEU issued a judgment on mortgage loans denominated in a foreign currency. This judgment confirmed the position already presented by the Court in the past, i.e. in the judgment of 3 October 2019, according to which, if the consumer objects to it, the national court cannot replace the unfair contract term concerning the exchange rate with an optional provision of domestic law. Nor can the national court remove only the element of a contractual term which renders it genuinely unfair, leaving the remainder of it effective, if such removal would amount to altering the content of the term which affects its substance. If the loan agreement cannot continue to apply without a clause containing an unfair term, it should be declared invalid in absolute terms. The Tribunal also stated that the limitation period for the customer's claims may begin only when the consumer becomes aware of the unfair terms of the contract. The date of signing the contract does not matter.
On 16 February 2023, the Advocate General of the CJEU issued an opinion in case regarding the answer to the question of the referring court as to whether the provisions of EU law preclude judicial interpretation of national provisions, according to which if a loan agreement concluded by a bank and the consumer is invalid from the beginning due to the conclusion of unfair contract terms, the parties, in addition to the refund of money paid in the
performance of this contract (bank - loan principal, consumer - installments, fees, commissions and insurance premiums) and statutory interest for delay from the time of request to payment, may also demand any other benefits, including receivables (in particular remuneration, compensation, reimbursement of costs or indexation of the benefit).
The Advocate General pointed out that Directive 93/13 does not regulate how the parties to an indexed credit agreement should settle accounts if it is deemed invalid. Therefore, the answer to the question whether the consumer may request the bank to reimburse the costs of using the installments paid should be sought in national law. If national law allows such a consumer claim, the Directive does not prevent it. As to the bank's claims, the Advocate General indicated that Directive 93/13 precluded these claims.
The Advocate's opinion does not prejudge the decision and is not binding on the CJEU. Therefore, the judgment of the CJEU may be different from the one proposed by the Advocate General.
Settlement programme
From 25 October 2021, the Bank offers the possibility for borrowers to conclude voluntary settlements in accordance with the proposal presented in December 2020 by the Chairman of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority. The Bank's customers may submit a request for mediation through the Mediation Center of the Court of Arbitration of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority. The mediation process can be used by customers who have a housing mortgage loan or a housing construction and mortgage loan indexed with the CHF exchange rate at the Bank for their own housing purposes, excluding mortgage loans and the above-mentioned loans, where one of the purposes of lending was to consolidate non-housing liabilities. A mediation agreement can only be signed for one of the active housing loans. The conversion takes place on the terms presented by the Chairman of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority. Detailed rules for the settlement of the loan and determination of the type of interest rate for the future are the subject of arrangements in the mediation process before the Polish Financial Supervision Authority in accordance with the current offer of settlements offered by the Bank.
From the moment the settlement programme was launched until the end of 2022, clients filed 1,236 settlement applications and the Bank concluded 459 agreements under the programme.
Income statement
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of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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Other provisions
Provision for commission refunds on prepaid consumer loans
On 11 September 2019, the CJEU announced its judgment on consumer credit agreements. Detailed information on the judgment and the related position of the President of UOKiK is presented in Chapter III. Significant accounting principles , in point 3.7 . )
On 9 October 2019, the Bank was served with a notice of initiation by the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection and a request to provide information on banking products on offer from 16 May 2016, to which the provisions of the Consumer Credit Act, including Art. 49 of this act. The explanatory proceeding concerns the settlement by the Bank of commission refunds in cases of early repayment of consumer loans. The Bank provided the requested information to the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection by letter of 29 October 2019. On 24 December 2019, the Bank received another letter from the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection in the same procedure with the request for additional information. The Bank replied with a letter of 3 January 2020.
The Bank monitors the impact of the CJEU judgments on the behaviour of borrowers, the practice and jurisprudence of Polish courts in these cases, and assesses the probability of cash outflow in relation to CHF-indexed mortgage loans and commission reimbursements on consumer loans on an ongoing basis.
Proceedings before the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (UOKiK)
Proceedings on the application of practices infringing collective consumer interests regarding unauthorized transactions
On 22 June 2021, the UOKiK opened an investigation against ING concerning the Bank’s replies to customer reports of unauthorized transactions, including the reimbursement of transaction amounts at D+1. In the course of the proceedings, the Bank repeatedly provides the explanations and documents required by the Office.
On 22 November 2022, the Bank received a notice from the UOKiK to initiate proceedings for a practice damaging the collective interests of consumers, together with a request to respond to the following allegations:
1) non-reimbursement to consumers within D+1 of the consumer requesting the return of the unauthorized transaction or restoring the account to the condition that would have existed if the unauthorized payment transaction had not taken place; the only exceptions, according to the UOKiK, are situations where the Bank informs the law enforcement authorities of the suspicion of a criminal offense by the consumer or 13 months have elapsed from the date on which the transaction was debited or the day on which the transaction was to
be executed; UOKiK claims that this may infringe Article 46(1) of the Payment Services Act and compromise the collective interests of consumers and, and may therefore constitute a practice that would be affected;
2) providing misleading information in response to a complaint by suggesting that the use of individual credentials means correct authentication, which in turn means demonstrating a correct authorization of transactions, which may mislead consumers regarding the obligations of the trader under Article 46 of the Act and the distribution of the burden of proof that the payment transaction has been authorized - which, according to the UOKiK, may constitute an unfair market practice and undermine the collective interests of consumers, and consequently constitute a practice that infringes the collective interests of consumers;
3) providing consumers with misleading, incorrect information about the correct authorization of transactions in response to a complaint, while pointing out the lack of consent of consumers to carry out a transaction (i.e. a lack of authorization) by indicating that the customer has led to the transaction as a result of a breach of one of the obligations referred to in Article 42 of the Act and that the customer is therefore fully liable for the transaction being advertised, and the recovery is possible as a result of action by the law enforcement authorities at the request of the injured party, which may constitute an unfair market practice and, consequently, constitute a practice which infringes the collective interests of consumers.
On 16 January 2023, the Bank sent a letter in the proceedings containing a very comprehensive explanation of its position rejecting the above-mentioned allegations, indicating both the correct interpretation of the provisions of the Payment Services Act in the Bank's opinion and the analysis of certain cases described in the order by the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection.
As at 31 December 2022, the Bank has not identified any rationale for making provisions on this account.
Proceedings on provisions providing for the possibility of changing a standard contract, contract or table of fees and commissions for important reasons, the so-called modification clauses
On 1 April 2019, the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (UOKiK) initiated ex officio proceedings to recognize a standard contract as illegal in terms of contractual provisions that may violate Art. 23a of the Act on competition and consumer protection. The proceedings concern provisions providing for the possibility of changing the standard contract, contract or table of fees and commissions for important reasons, the so-called modification clauses.
The scope of the procedure relates to the provisions in various general terms and conditions, regulations and contracts concluded with consumers: for cash loans, overdraft limit, granting and repayment of loans in a brokerage account, using a credit card – in the version effective from 7 March 2016; for checking and checking accounts and
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
savings accounts – in the version effective from 9 November 2015; for maintaining payment accounts – in the version applicable from 6 August 2018; for prepaid cards – in the version valid from 1 January 2016.
In the opinion of the President of UOKiK, the analysed modification clauses may constitute prohibited contractual provisions due to:
− the possibility of unilaterally changing the general terms and conditions of the contract as to its essential provisions, in the scope of contracts enabling the generation of debt on the part of consumers, concluded for a specified period,
− general, imprecise nature of the premises for a unilateral amendment to the contract, which does not allow consumers to verify them correctly, and in some provisions there are no time limits as to the scope of changes,
− no provisions regarding the possibility of continuing a contract concluded for a specified period of time regarding crediting consumer needs under the existing rules in the event of failure to accept unilateral proposed changes from the bank.
In the letter of 13 May 2021, the Office for Competition and Consumer Protection notified the Bank that the collection of evidence had been completed. The Office for Competition and Consumer Protection decided to extend the deadline for the completion of the proceedings until 30 April 2023.
As at 31 December 2022, the Bank has not identified any rationale for making provisions on this account.
Proceedings on the allegation of practices restricting competition on the market of acquiring services related to payments with payment cards in Poland
After conducting antitrust proceedings against ING Bank Śląski S.A. and other banks, at the request of the Polish Trade and Distribution Organization - the Employers' Association (POHiD), the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection issued a decision on 29 December 2006 stating that the Bank had committed practices restricting competition. As restricting competition, UOKiK found the practice consisting in the participation by various Polish banks, including the Bank, in an agreement restricting competition on the acquiring services market related to the settlement of consumers' obligations towards merchants, for payments for goods and services purchased by consumers, with the use of payment cards on territory of Poland by jointly setting the amount of the interchange fee charged for transactions made with Visa and MasterCard cards in Poland. Due to the finding of competition restricting practices, UOKiK imposed fines, including penalties on the Bank in the amount of PLN 14.1 million.
From this decision, among others The bank appealed to the Court of Competition and Consumer Protection (SOKiK). By ruling on 12 November 2008, SOKiK changed the decision of UOKiK, so that it did not find any practice restricting competition. On 22 April 2010, this judgment was quashed by a judgment of the Court of Appeal, which referred the case to SOKiK for re-examination. On 27 April 2021, the files of the main case regarding the interchange fee were submitted to SOKiK. After an exchange of pleadings between the parties, a hearing was held on 29 November 2022.
Due to the lack of final decisions, the amount of the refunded penalty was not recognized in the profit and loss account. As at 31 December 2022, the value of the provision was PLN 14.1 million.
PFSA proceedings
• On 12 October 2018, the Polish Financial Supervision Authority imposed a fine on the Bank in the amount of PLN 500 thousand, pursuant to Art. 232 sec. 1 of the Act on Investment Funds and Alternative Investment Funds Management, in the wording before the amendment made by the Act of 31 March 2016, in connection with the breach of depository’s obligations set out in Art. 72 of the Act in connection with the Bank acting as the depositary of the Inventum Premium SFIO and Inventum Parasol FIO funds with separate sub-funds.
In the course of reconsidering the case, the PFSA confirmed the violations and did not identify any circumstances that would justify reducing the fine.
In connection with the proceedings, a provision in the amount of PLN 0.5 million was created in December 2018. The Bank paid the imposed fine in the third quarter of 2020. On 1 October 2020, the Bank appealed against the said decision to the Provincial Administrative Court. In the judgment of 7 April 2021, the Provincial Administrative Court overruled the decision of 12 October 2018 and the decision of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority of 12 August 2020 upholding this decision.
The PFSA filed a complaint with the Supreme Administrative Court on 27 July 2021. On 25 August 2021, the Bank responded to the complaint. The date of the hearing before the Supreme Administrative Court has not been set.
• On 17 June 2020 by a decision delivered on 1 July 2020, the Polish Financial Supervision Authority (KNF) initiated administrative proceedings to impose a penalty on ING Bank Śląski S.A, in connection with suspicion of breach of depositary duties defined in art. 72 of the Act on investment funds and management of alternative investment funds in connection with the Bank’s function of depositary of the fund Trigon Polskie Perły FIZ, Opera MP FIZ, Opera SFIO Subfundsz Alfa-plus, Trigon Profit XX NS FIZ, Trigon Profit XXI NS FIZ, Trigon Profit XXII NS FIZ , Trigon Profit XXIII NS FIZ, Trigon Profit XXIV NS FIZ and Altus Absolutnej Stopy Zwrotu FIZ
Income statement
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of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Rynku Polskiego 2 and Article 9() of the above mentioned Act. The proceedings were extended to August 2021, then to November 2021.
The proceedings ended on 17 December 2021 with the issuance of a Decision under which the PFSA imposed an administrative penalty of PLN 4.3 million (in total) on the Bank for breach of:
1) Article 72(1)(7) in connection with Article 72(3) of the Act on Investment Funds and Alternative Investment Fund Management for failing to exercise ongoing control over factual and legal operations carried out by the Trigon Profit Funds and the Opera MP Closed-end Investment Fund and the Opera Alfa- plus.pl sub-fund separated within the Opera Specjalistyczny Open-End Investment Fund in relation to valuation of shares of Kancelaria Medius SA, Centrum Finansowe SA, SkyCash Poland SA and shares of Re Development SA, as well as valuation of debt portfolios,
2) Article 9(2) of the Investment Funds Act in connection with the performance of the depositary’s duties in an unreliable manner and without exercising the utmost care required in connection with the professional nature of its activities.
The fine of PLN 4.3 million was paid. On 21 November 2022, the Bank filed a complaint with the Provincial Administrative Court. Pursuant to the content of the complaint, the Bank demands that the Decision imposing an administrative penalty be repealed in its entirety.
• On 8 June 2021, the Bank received a notice from the Polish Financial Supervision Authority (PFSA) on the initiation of ex officio administrative proceedings for the imposition of an administrative penalty in connection with suspected breaches identified as a result of an audit conducted from 20 to 24 May 2019 in the area of anti-money laundering and terrorist financing.
On 20 January 2022, the Bank received a decision under which the PFSA imposed an administrative penalty of PLN 3.0 million on the Bank for breaches relating to:
1) incorrect application of financial security measures involving the ongoing monitoring of the client’s business relations,
2) a failure to apply, and adequately intensify, financial security measures on an ongoing basis where there is a higher risk of money laundering or terrorist financing,
3) lack of documentation on the financial security measures applied to investigate the source of funds and assets of Private Banking segment clients.
In 2022, the Bank paid the above-mentioned administrative fine.
Other proceedings
• On 27 June 2021, the Bank received a notification from the General Inspector of Financial Information (GIFI) on the initiation of ex officio administrative proceedings regarding the imposition of an administrative penalty in connection with the suspected breach of obligations under the Act on counteracting money laundering and terrorist financing identified as part of an inspection carried out at the Bank in the period from 16 November 2020 to 7 March 2021.
On 31 August 2022, the Bank received a decision pursuant to which the GIFI imposed an administrative penalty on the Bank in the amount of PLN 21.7 million for violations related to:
1) apply and document security measures necessary to build customer knowledge and risk assessment, and
2) provide GIFI with full information regarding payments required by Art. 72 and Article 76 of the Act on counteracting money laundering and financing of terrorism.
In 2022, the Bank paid the above-mentioned administrative fine.
• On 23 January 2020, the Bank received a notice from the President of the Office for Personal Data Protection (President of the DPA) regarding the audit of the compliance of the processing of personal data with personal data protection regulations, i.e. Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) and the Act of 10 May 2018 on personal data protection. On 9 December 2021, the Bank received a notice from the President of UODO on the initiation of ex officio administrative proceedings in this area. The Bank shall take the action required by law during the proceedings.
As at 31 December 2022, the Bank has not identified any rationale for making provisions on this account.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
32. Other liabilities
2022
2021
Accruals, including:
895.8
838.7
due to employee benefits
307.3
319.5
of which variable remuneration programme
56.9
83.0
due to commissions
190.0
177.5
due to general and administrative expenses
398.5
341.7
Other liabilities, including:
3,531.3
1,671.6
lease liabilities
400.0
320.2
interbank settlements
2,355.9
709.1
settlements with suppliers
111.0
86.3
public and legal settlements
154.1
109.7
liability to pay to the BFG guarantee fund
171.6
155.5
liability to pay to the BFG resolution fund
199.0
148.0
other:
139.7
142.8
Total
4,427.1
2,510.3
Including financial liabilities
3,531.3
1,671.6
33. Equity
33.1. Share capital
The Bank's share capital is PLN 130,100,000 and is sub-divided into:
• 92,600,000 A-series ordinary bearer's shares with face value of PLN 1.00 each, and
• 37,500,000 B-series ordinary bearer's shares with face value of PLN 1.00 each.
Each ordinary share entitles its holder to dividend and one vote during the general meeting. All shares are fully paid .
33.2. Accumulated other comprehensive income
The following table presents the balances of accumulated other comprehensive income as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, respectively. The tables on the next page show the reconciliation of changes in accumulated other comprehensive income during 2022 and 2021.
2022
2021
Accumulated other comprehensive income, including:
from financial assets measured through other comprehensive income – debt instruments, including:
-347.5
79.7
deferred tax
12.0
-42.6
current tax *
69.2
23.7
from financial assets measured through other comprehensive income – equity instruments, including:
78.2
115.9
deferred tax
-18.4
-27.2
from financial assets measured through other comprehensive income – loans, including:
-77.4
-315.3
deferred tax
18.1
25.4
from property, plant and equipment, including:
0.4
0.3
deferred tax
-0.1
-0.1
from cash flow hedges, including:
-7,751.9
-2,994.5
deferred tax
29.6
9.9
current tax **
1,788.7
692.5
from actuarial gains / losses, including:
-18.5
-22.4
deferred tax
4.3
5.0
Total
-8,116.7
-3,136.3
*) current tax on the valuation of debt instruments
Due to the fact that the debt securities included in all portfolios are jointly owned by one taxpayer of corporate income tax (hereinafter "CIT"), the Bank calculated for all portfolios jointly, separately for each security and using the FIFO method, tax results on purchase and sale of debt securities. The method of determining tax results on the purchase/sale of debt securities results in a different distribution of the results achieved in terms of valuation than for accounting purposes. Accounting unrealised valuation in accumulated other comprehensive income for CIT purposes becomes a real-ised valuation, on which the Bank pays current tax. For this reason the current tax is recorded for the part of the unre-alised valuation in accumulated other comprehensive income that is realised in terms of CIT.
**) current tax on the valuation of hedging derivatives
The Bank uses the service “settlement-to-market”, or “STM”, provided for by the Regulation of the KDPW/LCH/EUREX (CCP) in respect of the approach to the settlement of IRS and FRA instruments. Even though the effective portion of the de-rivative hedge instruments resulting from the measurement of derivative hedging instruments is recognised in other comprehensive income, due to the STM mechanism it is settled in cash and the amount paid to/ received from CCP represents tax income/ expense for the purpose of the corporate income tax (CIT). That is why the current tax is rec- ognised in other comprehensive income. Details on the STM services are presented in note 17 . Valuation of derivatives .
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of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
2022
changes in the fair value of financial assets measured through other comprehensive income
debt instruments
equity instruments
loans
property, plant and equipment
cash flow hedges
actuarial gains / losses
Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income - opening balance
79.7
115.9
-315.3
0.3
-2,994.5
-22.4
-3,136.3
gains/losses on revaluation carried through equity
-411.3
-37.7
237.9
-
-6,064.6
-
-6,275.7
transfer to financial result in connection with the sale
-15.9
-
-
-
1,307.2
-
1,291.3
fixed assets revaluation
-
-
-
0.1
-
-
0.1
actuarial gains/losses
-
-
-
-
-
3.9
3.9
Accumulated other comprehensive income - closing balance
-347.5
78.2
-77.4
0.4
-7,751.9
-18.5
-8,116.7
In the item financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income – gains/losses on revaluation carried through equity in relation to debt securities, changes in the fair value of items classified in this category have been presented, without taking into account the changes resulting from the valuation of the hedged risk , in terms of items covered by the fair value hedge accounting.
With respect to cash flow hedges:
• gains/losses on revaluation carried through equity - the amount of the effective part of the hedging relationship in the cash flow hedging strategy of the portfolio of financial assets/liabilities is presented.
• in the item transfer to the financial result - the amortization of the effective part of the hedging relationship of the cash flow hedging strategy was presented on the dates when the hedged item results in the profit or loss.
The rules relating to the above items are described in detail in Chapter III. Significant accounting principles in item 13.9.1 . and in the section Risk and capital management in chapter III.1.10 . Hedge accounting .
2021
changes in the fair value of financial assets measured through other comprehensive income
debt instruments
equity instruments
loans
property, plant and equipment
cash flow hedges
actuarial gains / losses
Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income - opening balance
353.4
100.8
-247.8
5.8
3,480.0
-16.6
3,675.6
gains/losses on revaluation carried through equity
-248.0
22.2
-67.5
-
-5,566.7
-
-5,860.0
transfer to financial result in connection with the sale
-25.7
-
-
-
-907.8
-
-933.5
sale of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
-
-7.1
-
-
-
-
-7.1
fixed assets revaluation
-
-
-
-0.3
-
-
-0.3
disposal of fixed assets
-
-
-
-5.2
-
-
-5.2
actuarial gains/losses
-
-
-
-
-
-5.8
-5.8
Accumulated other comprehensive income - closing balance
79.7
115.9
-315.3
0.3
-2,994.5
-22.4
-3,136.3
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
33.3. Retained earnings
2022
2021
Other supplementary capital
314.7
314.7
Reserve capital
12,994.3
10,868.8
General risk fund
1,215.2
1,215.2
Valuation of share-based payments
58.6
52.3
including deffered tax
-1.3
0.0
Retained earnings from previous years
0.0
506.7
Result for the current year
1,714.4
2,308.3
Total
16,297.2
15,266.0
2022
Other supplementary capital
Reserve
capital
General risk fund
Valuation of share- based payments
Retained earnings from previous years
Result for the current year
Total
Retained earnings - opening balance
314.7
10,868.8
1,215.2
52.3
2,815.0
0.0
15,266.0
net result for the current period
-
-
-
-
-
1,714.4
1,714.4
profit written off to reserve capital
-
2,125.5
-
-
-2,125.5
-
0.0
dividend payment *
-
-
-
-
-689.5
-
-689.5
valuation of share-based payments
-
-
-
6.3
-
-
6.3
Retained earnings - closing balance
314.7
12,994.3
1,215.2
58.6
0.0
1,714.4
16,297.2
*) In 2022, the Bank paid a dividend from the profit for 2021 in the amount of PLN 689.5 million, i.e. PLN 5.30 per share.
2021
Other supplementary capital
Reserve
capital
General risk fund
Valuation of share- based payments
Retained earnings from previous years
Result for the current year
Total
Retained earnings - opening balance
314.7
10,193.4
1,215.2
51.9
1,833.3
0.0
13,608.5
net result for the current period
-
-
-
-
-
2,308.3
2,308.3
profit written off to reserve capital
-
675.4
-
-
-675.4
-
0.0
dividend payment *
-
-
-
-
-663.5
-
-663.5
disposal of fixed assets
-
-
-
-
5.2
-
5.2
sale of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
-
-
-
-
7.1
-
7.1
valuation of share-based payments
-
-
-
0.4
-
-
0.4
Retained earnings - closing balance
314.7
10,868.8
1,215.2
52.3
506.7
2,308.3
15,266.0
*) In 2021, the Bank paid a dividend from the profit for 2020 in the amount of PLN 663.5 million, i.e. PLN 5.10 per share.
Supplementary capital
Supplementary capital is formed from appropriations from profit after tax, surpluses generated under issue of shares above their face value and extra contributions paid up by the shareholders to be used for covering balance- sheet losses. The decision on the use of the supplementary capital is taken at the General Meeting.
Reserve capital
The reserve capital is created irrespective of the supplementary capital from profit after tax write-offs, in the amount passed by the General Meeting. The reserve capital may be allocated to cover special costs and expenses, and also to increase the share capital from the Bank’s funds. The decision on activation of the reserve capital is taken by the General Meeting.
General Risk Fund
The General Risk Fund is established in accordance with the Banking Law Act from the post-tax profits and is used for unidentified risk of banking activity. The decision on the use of the Fund is taken by the Management Board.
Dividend payout
Details of the Banks’s dividend policy and divided payout constraints are included in the section Risk and equity management, in item I.1.5 . Dividend Policy .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
89
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
34. FX structure of assets and liabilities
Herein below, the statement of financial position of the Bank and contingent liabilities were presented per base currencies. The following currency rates were applied to calculate values in original currency:
31 Dec 2022
31 Dec 2021
EUR
4.6899
4.5994
USD
4.4018
4.0600
CHF
4.7679
4.4484
2022
EUR
USD
CHF
other currencies
PLN
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
Total
Assets
Cash in hand and balances with the Central Bank
1,810.0
315.6
67.3
177.1
40.2
5.0
1.0
29.9
2,337.6
Loans and other receivables to other banks
2,803.3
4,066.0
867.0
73.1
16.6
1.5
0.3
260.3
7,204.2
Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
1,699.2
75.0
16.0
54.3
12.3
0.0
0.0
123.8
1,952.3
Derivative hedge instruments
65.5
73.7
15.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
139.2
Investment securities
41,570.6
6,777.6
1,445.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
48,348.2
Transferred assets
125.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
38.6
163.8
Loans and other receivables to customers
125,594.8
18,522.8
3,949.5
754.3
171.4
132.6
27.8
729.0
145,733.5
Investments in subsidiaries and associates accounted for using the equity method
1,624.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,624.1
Property, plant and equipment
926.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
926.5
Intangible assets
393.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
393.2
Current income tax assets
566.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
566.0
Deferred tax assets
1,650.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,650.1
Other assets
110.9
4.9
1.0
4.4
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
120.6
Total assets
178,939.4
29,835.6
6,361.6
1,063.2
241.5
139.1
29.1
1,182.0
211,159.3
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
90
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2022
EUR
USD
CHF
other currencies
PLN
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
Total
Liabilities
Liabilities to other banks
560.5
95.3
20.3
1.4
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.5
657.7
Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss
1,573.0
298.1
63.6
96.9
22.0
0.1
0.0
235.7
2,203.8
Derivative hedge instruments
282.1
87.4
18.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
369.5
Liabilities to customers
161,372.7
24,242.7
5,169.1
5,367.2
1,219.3
67.8
14.2
1,192.2
192,242.6
Subordinated liabilities
0.0
1,643.9
350.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,643.9
Provisions
337.8
9.0
1.9
1.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
347.8
Other liabilities
4,174.5
249.5
53.2
2.1
0.5
1.0
0.2
0.0
4,427.1
Total liabilities
168,300.6
26,625.9
5,677.2
5,468.6
1,242.3
68.9
14.4
1,428.4
201,892.4
Equity
Share capital
130.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
130.1
Share premium
956.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
956.3
Accumulated other comprehensive income
-8,048.3
-68.4
-14.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-8,116.7
Retained earnings
16,297.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
16,297.2
Total equity
9,335.3
-68.4
-14.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
9,266.9
Total equity and liabilities
177,635.9
26,557.5
5,662.6
5,468.6
1,242.3
68.9
14.4
1,428.4
211,159.3
Contingent liabilities granted
41,928.6
6,827.7
1,455.8
1,203.1
273.3
0.0
0.0
23.5
49,982.9
Contingent liabilities received
15,757.5
1,009.9
215.3
410.2
93.2
0.0
0.0
78.6
17,256.2
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
91
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2021
EUR
USD
CHF
other currencies
PLN
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
Total
Assets
Cash in hand and balances with the Central Bank
842.0
180.0
39.1
38.1
9.4
3.1
0.7
36.8
1,100.0
Loans and other receivables to other banks
2,919.2
174.9
38.0
17.4
4.3
2.6
0.6
44.3
3,158.4
Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
1,270.6
65.7
14.3
56.1
13.8
8.7
2.0
137.2
1,538.3
Derivative hedge instruments
142.2
108.2
23.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
250.4
Investment securities
39,515.4
6,004.4
1,305.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
45,519.8
Transferred assets
2,280.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2,280.9
Loans and other receivables to customers
120,983.1
12,690.1
2,759.1
826.9
203.7
479.5
107.8
2,360.9
137,340.5
Investments in subsidiaries and associates accounted for using the equity method
1,531.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,531.9
Property, plant and equipment
815.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
815.4
Intangible assets
356.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
356.1
Current income tax assets
730.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
730.4
Deferred tax assets
1,115.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,115.8
Other assets
159.9
6.2
1.3
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
166.7
Total assets
172,662.9
19,229.5
4,180.8
938.9
231.3
493.9
111.1
2,579.4
195,904.6
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
92
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2021
EUR
USD
CHF
other currencies
PLN
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
in currency
converted to PLN
Total
Liabilities
Liabilities to other banks
3,932.3
2,245.2
488.2
1.2
0.3
0.0
0.0
37.7
6,216.4
Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss
1,550.6
59.4
12.9
29.6
7.3
0.1
0.0
39.9
1,679.6
Derivative hedge instruments
117.7
117.7
25.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
235.4
Liabilities to customers
146,462.3
18,880.8
4,105.1
3,871.9
953.7
24.5
5.5
864.6
170,104.1
Subordinated liabilities
0.0
1,610.3
350.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,610.3
Provisions
326.1
4.7
1.0
1.6
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
332.4
Other liabilities
2,346.3
155.7
33.9
6.4
1.6
1.8
0.4
0.1
2,510.3
Total liabilities
154,735.3
23,073.8
5,016.8
3,910.7
963.3
26.4
5.9
942.3
182,688.5
Equity
Share capital
130.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
130.1
Share premium
956.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
956.3
Accumulated other comprehensive income
-3,209.3
73.0
15.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-3,136.3
Retained earnings
15,266.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
15,266.0
Total equity
13,143.1
73.0
15.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
13,216.1
Total equity and liabilities
167,878.4
23,146.8
5,032.7
3,910.7
963.3
26.4
5.9
942.3
195,904.6
Contingent liabilities granted
44,428.8
5,587.9
1,214.9
1,343.1
330.8
2.3
0.5
28.0
51,390.1
Contingent liabilities received
18,002.1
1,110.5
241.4
376.4
92.7
0.0
0.0
75.0
19,564.0
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
93
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
35. Contingent liabilities
35.1. Contingent liabilities granted
2022
2021
Undrawn credit facilities
39,044.9
41,511.7
Guarantees
7,458.4
6,372.5
Undrawn overdrafts in current account
1,549.7
1,563.2
Credit card limits
1,548.2
1,549.1
Letters of credit
381.7
393.6
Total
49,982.9
51,390.1
The Bank discloses obligations to grant loans. These obligations include approved loans, credit card limits and overdrafts in current accounts.
The Bank issues guarantees and letters of credits to secure fulfilment of obligations of the Bank’s customers to third parties. The value of guarantees and letters of credit disclosed above reflects the maximum loss that can be incurred and that would be disclosed as at the balance sheet date should the customers fail to fulfil their obligations in full.
The Bank charges commissions for contingent liabilities granted, which are settled in line with the specific nature of the particular instrument.
Financial guarantee contracts by maturity
2022
2021
up to 1 month
301.3
130.1
over 1 month and up to 3 months
726.0
893.7
over 3 months and up to 1 year
3,039.2
2,380.0
over 1 year and up to 5 years
2,557.4
2,112.0
over 5 years
834.5
856.7
Total
7,458.4
6,372.5
35.2. Contingent liabilities received
2022
2021
Guarantees received
16,737.4
14,663.0
Financing
518.8
4,901.0
Total
17,256.2
19,564.0
Guarantee commitments received consist of collateral values for loans granted by the Bank. Funding commitments received include the value of deposits and loans that do not meet the criteria for recognition in the statement of financial position at the time of the financial statements.
36. Fair value
Wartość godziwa to kwota, za jaką składnik aktywów mógłby być wymieniony, lub zobowiązanie wykonane, pomiędzy dobrze poinformowanymi i zainteresowanymi stronami w bezpośrednio zawartej transakcji, innej niż sprzedaż pod przymusem lub likwidacja i jest najlepiej odzwierciedlona przez cenę rynkową, jeśli jest dostępna.
36.1. Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value in statement of financial position
Based on the employed methods of determining the fair value, the Bank classifies individual financial assets / liabilities into one of three categories, the so-called Valuation level. The description of the individual levels of valuation is included in Chapter III. Significant accounting principles , in item 13.7 .
The tables below present the carrying amount of financial assets and liabilities broken down by individual measurement levels.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
94
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2022
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Financial assets, including:
16,216.1
1,591.7
8,388.8
26,196.6
Valuation of derivatives
-
974.9
-
974.9
Financial assets held for trading, including:
443.3
477.6
-
920.9
debt securities, including:
443.3
-
-
443.3
treasury bonds in PLN
441.7
-
-
441.7
Czech Treasury bonds in CZK
1.2
-
-
1.2
European Investment Bank bonds
0.4
-
-
0.4
repo transactions
-
477.6
-
477.6
Financial assets other than those held for trading, measured at fair value through profit or loss, including:
1.8
-
54.7
56.5
loans are obligatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss
-
-
54.6
54.6
equity instruments
1.8
-
0.1
1.9
Derivative hedge instruments
-
139.2
-
139.2
Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, including:
15,607.2
-
120.9
15,728.1
debt securities, including:
15,607.2
-
-
15,607.2
treasury bonds in PLN
12,069.2
-
-
12,069.2
treasury bonds in EUR
1,803.4
-
-
1,803.4
European Investment Bank bonds
1,308.9
-
-
1,308.9
Austrian government bonds
425.7
-
-
425.7
equity instruments
-
-
120.9
120.9
Transferred assets, including:
163.8
-
-
163.8
Treasury bonds in PLN from the portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
125.2
-
-
125.2
bonds of the Czech State Treasury in CZK from the portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
38.6
-
-
38.6
Loans measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
-
-
8,213.2
8,213.2
Financial liabilities, including:
437.3
2,136.0
0.0
2,573.3
Valuation of derivatives
-
1,602.3
-
1,602.3
Other financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss, including:
437.3
164.2
-
601.5
book short position in trading securities
437.3
-
-
437.3
financial liabilities held for trading, including:
-
164.2
-
164.2
repo transactions
-
164.2
-
164.2
Derivative hedge instruments
-
369.5
-
369.5
2021
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Financial assets, including:
15,977.3
1,404.4
10,400.8
27,782.5
Valuation of derivatives
-
629.3
-
629.3
Financial assets held for trading, including:
301.1
524.7
-
825.8
debt securities, including:
301.1
-
-
301.1
treasury bonds in PLN
259.2
-
-
259.2
Czech Treasury bonds in CZK
41.4
-
-
41.4
European Investment Bank bonds
0.5
-
-
0.5
repo transactions
-
524.7
-
524.7
Financial assets other than those held for trading, measured at fair value through profit or loss, including:
4.7
-
78.5
83.2
loans are obligatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss
-
-
78.4
78.4
equity instruments
4.7
-
0.1
4.8
Derivative hedge instruments
-
250.4
-
250.4
Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, including:
14,161.9
-
167.4
14,329.3
debt securities, including:
14,161.9
-
-
14,161.9
treasury bonds in PLN
11,716.3
-
-
11,716.3
treasury bonds in EUR
1,022.9
-
-
1,022.9
European Investment Bank bonds
941.4
-
-
941.4
Austrian government bonds
481.3
-
-
481.3
equity instruments
-
-
167.4
167.4
Transferred assets, including:
1,509.6
-
-
1,509.6
treasury bonds in PLN from portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
243.2
-
-
243.2
treasury bonds in PLN from portfolio of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
1,266.4
-
-
1,266.4
Loans measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
-
-
10,154.9
10,154.9
Financial liabilities, including:
486.2
1,428.8
0.0
1,915.0
Valuation of derivatives
-
949.0
-
949.0
Other financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss, including:
486.2
244.4
-
730.6
book short position in trading securities
486.2
-
-
486.2
financial liabilities held for trading, including:
-
244.4
-
244.4
repo transactions
-
244.4
-
244.4
Derivative hedge instruments
-
235.4
-
235.4
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
95
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Movements between valuation levels
In 2021, as in 2020, there were no movements between the valuation levels.
Valuation of financial instruments classified to level 2
The Bank classifies derivatives and repo transactions to level 2 of valuation.
Derivatives
The following models are applied for non-linear transactions (FX options), depending on the product type:
• the European vanilla option and a European digital option – the Garman-Kohlhagen model,
• the European digital option – the Garman-Kohlhagen model adjusted by the call spread,
• Cap/Floor (back-to-back transactions) – the Bachelier model.
The following are the input data for the models:
• the FX rate – obtained by the parties from the National Bank of Poland’s website,
• implied volatilities – obtained from Bloomberg,
• profitability curves similar to those for linear derivatives.
Fair value for linear instruments (other derivatives) is determined based on discounted future cash flows at the transaction level. The fair value determined in that manner is the PV of those cash flows.
All input data used for the creation of the revaluation curves are observed on the market, and include: deposit market rates, forward points, FRA rates, IRS rates, OIS rates, FX basis points, basis points among the indexes for variable rates, and FX rates. The data come from the Reuters system and come mainly from brokers. Market data quality is controlled during the daily contribution process for revaluation rates.
Derivatives are generally valued according to the concept of OIS curves with the assumption of the existence of transaction valuation collateral in the form of a deposit bearing interest at the ESTR rate. The exceptions are transactions in PLN and CZK subject to settlement within central clearing houses (LCH, KDPW, EUREX) and bilateral transactions concluded on the basis of an ISDA agreement with a CSA annex in the collateral currency of PLN or without the annex. For these transactions, the NPV is settled in the original currency, which is reflected in the valuation curves used (discount curve based on IBOR, FRA and IRS quotes).
Repo transactions
Fair value for repo transactions is determined based on future payment flows discounted according to the profitability curve for the so-called cash instruments.
Valuation of financial instruments classified to level 3
The financial assets classified to level 3 of the valuation as at 31 December 2022 and as at 31 December 2021 include unlisted equity instruments and loans that did not meet the SPPI criterion according to IFRS 9.
Equity instruments
Fair value measurement of unquoted equity interests in other companies is based on the discounted cash flow, dividend or economic value added model. Estimates of future cash flows were prepared based on medium-term profitability forecasts prepared by the Management Boards of these companies. The discount rate is based on the cost of equity estimated using the CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model). At the end of 2022, it was in the range of 13.2%-15.2%, depending on the company, compared to 9.1%-11.1% at the end of 2021. Fair value measurement of unquoted equity interests in other companies as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 covered the following entities: Biuro Informacji Kredytowej S.A., Krajowa Izba Rozliczeniowa S.A. and Polski Standard Płatności sp. z o.o.
As at 31 December 2022, the sensitivity analysis of the valuation of equity instruments shows that:
1) adoption of the target dividend payout rate of +10 p.p. / -10p.p. compared to the base scenario, would result in an increase / decrease in the valuation by 10% (by 19% as at 31 December 2021), respectively;
2) adopting the cost of equity by -0.5 p.p. / +0.5pp compared to the base scenario, would result in a 6% increase / 5% decrease in the valuation (8%/7% as at 31 December 2021);
3) combining the effects of points 1) and 2) would result in an increase in the valuation by 17% / a decrease in the valuation by 15% (28%/24% as at 31 December 2021) respectively.
In 2022, the change in the valuation of equity instruments classified to level 3 included in other comprehensive income amounted to PLN -37.7 million (in 2021: PLN 22.2 million).
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
96
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Loans
The fair value methodology of the loan portfolio is based on the discounted cash flow method. Under this method, for each contract being valued, expected cash flows are estimated, discount factors for particular payment dates and the value of discounted cash flows is determined as at the valuation date. Valuation models are powered by business parameters for individual contracts and parameters observable by the market, such as interest rate curves, liquidity cost and cost of capital. The change in the parameters adopted for the valuation did not have a significant impact on the valuation value as at 31 December 2022.
The discount rates for the above loans as at the end of 2022 amounted to approximately 6.7% (compared to approximately 2% at the end of 2021), while the sensitivity analysis of the fair value as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 indicates that with a change in the discount rate by + 1/-1 p.p. and no change in expected cash flows causes a change in fair value by approximately +/- 1%.
Both in 2022 and in 2021, the impact of the valuation of loans classified to valuation level 3 was insignificant (PLN 0 million in 2022 and PLN 0.2 million in 2021) and was included in the income statement in the item Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result .
Discount rates for mortgage loans measured at fair value through other comprehensive income at the end of 2022 averaged 8.2% (compared to 5.9% at the end of 2021), while the sensitivity analysis of the fair value as at 31 December 2022 indicates that the change in the rate by +0.5/-0.5 p.p. with no change in expected cash flows, it changes the fair value by approximately -/+1.8%, respectively. For comparison, the sensitivity analysis of the fair value as at 31 December 2021 indicated that the change in the discount rate by +0.5/-0.5 p.p. with no change in expected cash flows, it resulted in a change in the fair value of approximately -2.8%/ +2.9%, respectively.
Movements in financial assets/liabilities classified to the level 3 of measurement
2022
2021
loans obligatorily measured
at fair value
through profit or loss
equity instruments
measured at fair value
through profit or loss
equity instruments
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
loans
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
loans obligatorily measured
at fair value
through profit or loss
equity instruments
measured at fair value
through profit or loss
equity instruments
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
loans
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
Opening balance
78.4
0.1
167.4
10,154.9
106.2
0.1
156.6
10,626.8
Additions, including:
0.0
0.0
0.0
124.1
0.2
0.0
17.9
519.0
loans granted in the period / acquisition of investment
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
590.0
valuation referred to accumulated other comprehensive income
-
-
-
124.1
-
-
17.9
-71.0
valuation charged to the income statement *
-
-
-
-
0.2
-
-
-
Reductions, including:
-23.8
0.0
-46.5
-2,065.8
-28.0
0.0
-7.1
-990.9
loan repayments / disposal of investments
-23.8
-
-
-2,065.8
-28.0
-
-7.1
-278.5
valuation referred to accumulated other comprehensive income
-
-
-46.5
-
-
-
-
-
sales to ING Bank Hipoteczny
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-712.4
Closing balance
54.6
0.1
120.9
8,213.2
78.4
0.1
167.4
10,154.9
*) In the item Net income on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss and FX result.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
97
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
36.2. Non-financial assets measured at fair value in the statement of financial position
2022
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Own real property
-
-
245.1
245.1
Non-current assets held for sale
-
-
2.2
2.2
2021
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Own real property
-
-
259.2
259.2
Changes in non-financial assets classified to level 3 of the measurement are presented in this statement, note 23 . Property, plant and equipment and 26 . Other assets .
Fair value measurement
Own real property
The Bank measures its property measured at fair value. Valuation is carried out by an independent appraiser using the income method in accordance with the applicable rules of property valuation.
As at 31 December 2022, the sensitivity analysis of the valuation of own real estate shows that assuming a capitalization rate of -0.5 p.p. / +0.5 p.p. compared to the baseline scenario, this would result in a 7% (PLN 19.5 million) increase / 6% (PLN 16.9 million) decrease in the valuation, respectively.
As at 31 December 2021, the sensitivity analysis of the valuation of own real estate shows that assuming a capitalization rate of -0.5 p.p. / +0.5 p.p. compared to the baseline scenario, this would result in a 7% (PLN 15.4 million) increase / 8% (PLN 17.6 million) decrease in the valuation, respectively
The results of real properties appraisals were presented in the income statement in the item General and administrative expenses (in note 8 in detailed item maintenance costs of buildings and real estate valuation to fair value ).
As at 31 December 2022, the amount of PLN 0.1 million (including deferred tax) was recorded in the accumulated other comprehensive income related to real estate measured at fair value. As at 31 December 2021, this amount was PLN 0.3 million.
The value of the property measured at historical cost, taking into account impairment and amortization charges, would amount to PLN 244.5 million as at 31 December 2022, compared to PLN 258.8 million as at 31 December 2021.
Non-current assets held for sale
The Bank recognizes non-current assets held for sale at the lower of the two: carrying amount and fair value less the costs of disposal of these assets. As at 31 December 2022, the amount of non-current assets held for sale consisted of one property reclassified from property, plant and equipment.
36.3. Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value in statement of financial position
The tables on the next page presents a comparison of the carrying amount with the fair value for investment securities measured at amortized cost, the loan portfolio and amounts due to customers and subordinated liabilities. For other financial assets and liabilities as well as guarantees and off-balance sheet liabilities not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position, the fair value is close to the carrying amount.
In 2022, the Bank changed the valuation level for bonds for the National Road Fund issued by Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego. In previous periods, they were presented in level 1 of the valuation, and starting from 2022, the Bank presents them in level 2 of the valuation. In 2021, there were no shifts between valuation levels.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
98
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2022
Fair value
Carrying amount
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Investment securities at amortised cost
32,620.1
20,778.2
8,287.3
0.0
29,065.5
treasury bonds in PLN
13,352.5
11,892.2
-
-
11,892.2
treasury bonds in EUR
3,192.1
2,838.1
-
-
2,838.1
European Investment Bank bonds
6,815.7
6,047.9
-
-
6,047.9
bonds of the Polish Development Fund (PFR)
3,858.4
-
3,124.8
-
3,124.8
Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego bonds
1,802.1
-
1,564.0
-
1,564.0
NBP bills
3,599.3
-
3,598.5
-
3,598.5
Loans and receivables to customers, including:
137,520.3
0.0
0.0
138,653.8
138,653.8
Corporate banking segment, including:
84,090.6
0.0
0.0
85,454.0
85,454.0
loans and advances (in the current account and term ones)
80,313.2
-
-
81,621.9
81,621.9
corporate and municipal debt securities
3,777.4
-
-
3,832.1
3,832.1
Retail banking segment, including:
51,580.7
0.0
0.0
51,350.8
51,350.8
mortgages
43,661.8
-
-
42,846.8
42,846.8
other loans and advances
7,918.9
-
-
8,504.0
8,504.0
Other receivables
1,849.0
-
-
1,849.0
1,849.0
Liabilities to customers
192,242.6
-
-
192,181.6
192,181.6
Subordinated liabilities
1,643.9
-
-
1,298.8
1,298.8
2021
Fair value
Carrying amount
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Investment securities at amortised cost
31,190.5
24,519.3
5,236.9
0.0
29,756.2
treasury bonds in PLN
15,311.5
14,533.1
-
-
14,533.1
treasury bonds in EUR
4,028.8
4,052.3
-
-
4,052.3
European Investment Bank bonds
5,695.2
5,431.6
-
-
5,431.6
bonds of the Polish Development Fund (PFR)
3,855.2
-
3,557.5
-
3,557.5
Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego bonds
2,299.8
502.3
1,679.4
-
2,181.7
Transferred assets, including:
771.3
710.1
-
-
710.1
treasury bonds in PLN from portfolio of financial assets measured at amortised cost
771.3
710.1
-
-
710.1
Loans and receivables to customers, including:
127,185.6
0.0
0.0
126,927.0
126,927.0
Corporate banking segment, including:
72,807.4
0.0
0.0
73,083.0
73,083.0
loans and advances (in the current account and term ones)
69,489.1
-
-
70,021.1
70,021.1
corporate and municipal debt securities
3,318.3
-
-
3,061.9
3,061.9
Retail banking segment, including:
51,128.9
0.0
0.0
50,594.7
50,594.7
mortgages
42,790.9
-
-
41,809.1
41,809.1
other loans and advances
8,338.0
-
-
8,785.6
8,785.6
Other receivables
3,249.3
-
-
3,249.3
3,249.3
Liabilities to customers
170,104.1
-
-
170,103.4
170,103.4
Subordinated liabilities
1,610.3
-
-
1,594.7
1,594.7
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
99
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
The Bank discloses the data on the fair value of loans and deposits recognised respectively in the groups of financial assets and financial liabilities carried at amortised cost considering the effective interest rate.
For the purposes of calculating the fair value of the mortgage loan portfolio, the yield curve is applied with transfer prices calculated on the basis of:
• PLN: BID rates up to 9M (inclusive) being WIBID and over 1Y adequate IRS rates; OFFER rates up to 9M (inclusive) being WIBOR and over 1Y adequate IRS rates.
• EUR: BID rates up to 9M (inclusive) being EURIBOR and over 1Y adequate IRS rates; OFFER rates up to 9M (inclusive) being EURIBOR and over 1Y adequate IRS rates.
• USD and CHF: BID rates up to 9M (inclusive) being LIBOR and over 1Y adequate IRS rates; OFFER rates up to 9M (inclusive) being LIBOR and over 1Y adequate IRS rates.
To compute fair value of other assets and deposits measured at amortised cost and financial liabilities measured at amortised cost considering the effective interest rate the transfer price is applied. The transfer price is calculated as:
• PLN: BID rates being WIBID overnight, OFFER rates being WIBOR overnight.
• EUR: BID rates being EURIBOR overnight, OFFER rates being EURIBOR overnight.
• USD and CHF: BID rates being LIBOR overnight, OFFER rates being LIBOR overnight.
BID rates are used to compute fair value of financial liabilities measured at amortised cost; in the case of financial assets measured at amortised cost OFFER rates are applied. All intermediate points on the curves are interpolated linearly.
Credit loss estimations reflect the credit loss provisioning model in place at the Bank in the model of impairment for expected credit losses.
In certain aspects, the model adopted by the Bank is based on the assumptions that do not confirm the prices of verifiable current market transactions referring to the same instrument – the model does not take into account restructuring-based changes either..
Loans and other receivables
The credit portfolio including securities classified to financial assets measured at amortised cost is divided into sub- portfolios according to the product type, client segment and the currency.
In the case of those sub-portfolios, the discounting factor is used for each cash flow.
For loans/securities, the discounting factor is assumed as the total of:
• the market rate based on the yield curve as at the balance sheet date, and
• the average margin based on the portfolio of loans granted in the last two-month period.
For that purpose, the following assumptions are adopted:
• use of the loans granted in the last two months for calculation,
• division into the abovementioned product groups, and
• the spot at the yield curve on the basis of which the relevant market rate is set is reflected by the revaluation date for each loan.
As a result for loans and other receivables, the fair value, that arises during calculation, is the total of the net present value of cash flows of a single loan/ security (in the case of the mortgage portfolio, the fair value is the total of the net present value of cash flows of the aggregated mortgage portfolio).
In the case of the portfolio of mortgage loans in PLN, the income method is used to measure them at fair value.
Key assumptions:
• for the needs of the valuation, the original schedule of principal and interest repayments is adjusted by taking into account prepayments, credit risk and adopting a timely structure of interest rates,
• credit risk parameters, i.e. PD lifetime and LGD, discounted for the purposes of the valuation, are included in the expected cash flows,
• for the purposes of estimating cash flows, prepayments are taken into account, estimated based on the analysis of historical data on the basis of the prepayment model used,
• the calculation of the discount rate adopted to estimate the value of cash flows takes into account all risks and costs, excluding the prepayment risk and credit risk costs reflected in the flows,
• prepayment risk and credit risk costs are reflected in cash flows,
• application of a calibration margin determined on the basis of the most recent production of the portfolio of mortgage loans, analogous to the portfolio being valued.
The fair value of the loan is calculated as the sum of discounted cash flows from principal repayments and interest payments, taking into account the prepaid capital and the cost of credit risk.
In the case of loans without any repayment schedules and loans from the impaired group, it is assumed that the fair value for those loans equals their book value.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
100
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Investment securities measured at amortised cost
In the case of investment securities measured at amortized cost, the fair value of disclosure securities that are quoted on an active market is determined based on the price in this market, for other securities in this portfolio the model described above in Loans and other receivables is used.
37. Offsetting financial instruments
The following disclosure relates to offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities that are subject to an enforceable contingent master agreement. ISDA agreements (for derivative transactions) and GMRA (for securities repo and reverse repo transactions) are the main framework agreements concluded by the Bank. Additional collateral for derivative exposures are security deposits, which the Bank makes and receives as part of the so-called Credit Support Annex (CSA), i.e. attachments to ISDA agreements.
2022
Financial assets
Related amounts not offset
in the statement of financial position
Gross amounts of recognised financial assets
Net amounts of financial assets presented
in the statement of financial position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
received
Net amount
Derivatives, including:
1,114.1
1,114.1
-678.0
-90.2
345.9
valuation of derivatives
974.9
974.9
-552.7
0.0
422.2
derivative hedge instruments
139.2
139.2
-125.3
0.0
13.9
derivatives collateral
0.0
0.0
0.0
-90.2
-90.2
Securities loans with repurchase agreements received, including:
4,237.1
4,237.1
0.0
-4,129.6
107.5
transactions classified as loans and other receivables to other banks
3,759.5
3,759.5
0.0
-3,658.4
101.1
transactions classified as held for trading financial assets
477.6
477.6
0.0
-471.2
6.4
Total
453.4
Financial Liabilities
Related amounts not offset
in the statement of financial position
Gross amounts of recognised financial liabilities
Net amounts of financial liabilities presented
in the statement of financial position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
pledged
Net amount
Derivatives, including
1,971.8
1,971.8
-678.0
-420.1
873.7
valuation of derivatives
1,602.3
1,602.3
-552.7
0.0
1,049.6
derivative hedge instruments
369.5
369.5
-125.3
0.0
244.2
derivatives collateral
0.0
0.0
0.0
-420.1
-420.1
Securities loans with repurchase agreements received, including:
164.2
164.2
0.0
-161.8
2.4
transactions classified as held for trading financial liabilities
164.2
164.2
0.0
-161.8
2.4
Total
876.1
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
101
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2021
Financial assets
Related amounts not offset
in the statement of financial position
Gross amounts of recognised financial assets
Net amounts of financial assets presented
in the statement of financial position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
received
Net amount
Derivatives, including:
879.7
879.7
-556.2
-253.4
70.1
valuation of derivatives
629.3
629.3
-428.4
0.0
200.9
derivative hedge instruments
250.4
250.4
-127.8
0.0
122.6
derivatives collateral
0.0
0.0
0.0
-253.4
-253.4
Securities loans with repurchase agreements received, including:
524.7
524.7
0.0
-508.7
16.0
transactions classified as held for trading financial assets
524.7
524.7
0.0
-508.7
16.0
Total
86.1
Financial Liabilities
Related amounts not offset
in the statement of financial position
Gross amounts of recognised financial liabilities
Net amounts of financial liabilities presented
in the statement of financial position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
pledged
Net amount
Derivatives, including
1,184.4
1,184.4
-556.2
-214.3
413.9
valuation of derivatives
949.0
949.0
-428.4
0.0
520.6
derivative hedge instruments
235.4
235.4
-127.8
0.0
107.6
derivatives collateral
0.0
0.0
0.0
-214.3
-214.3
Securities loans with repurchase agreements received, including:
2,235.8
2,235.8
0.0
-2,202.1
33.7
transactions classified as held for trading financial liabilities
244.4
244.4
0.0
-243.1
1.3
transactions classified as liabilities to banks / customers
1,991.4
1,991.4
0.0
-1,959.0
32.4
Total
447.6
38. Custody activities
As at 31 December 2022, the Bank maintained 485 securities accounts where securities for the Bank's clients were stored (556 as at 31 December 2021). These accounts do not meet the definition of assets and are not included in the Bank's financial statements.
At the end of 2022, the Bank acted as a custodian bank for 108 investment funds and sub-funds, 2 pension funds and performed the valuation of net asset value and net asset value per participation unit of 8 insurance capital funds (118 funds in total). For comparison, at the end of 2021, the Bank acted as a custodian bank for 122 investment funds and sub-funds, 2 pension funds and performed the valuation of net asset value and net asset value per participation unit of 8 insurance capital funds (132 funds in total).
39. Leasing – the Bank as a lessor
Operating lease
The Bank obtains income from the lease of commercial premises on its own real estate. These contracts are treated as operating lease contracts . Those agreements do not provide for any contingent fees to be paid by the lessee; no constraints arise from the provisions of the lease contracts. In some cases, the agreements provide for the option of their prolongation or price change. Contracts do not include purchase options.
Gross lease payments by maturity are disclosed in the table below:
2022
2021
up to 1 year
6.9
7.1
over 1 year and up to 2 years
6.0
6.7
over 2 years and up to 3 years
6.0
5.8
over 3 years and up to 4 years
6.0
5.8
Total
24.9
25.4
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
102
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
40. Additional information on cash flow statement
Cash and its equivalents
For the purposes of the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents include cash disclosed in the statement of financial position as well as current accounts in other banks.
2022
2021
Cash in hand (presented in note 14 )
932.6
599.1
Balances with the Central Bank (presented in note 14 )
1,405.0
500.9
Current accounts in other banks (presented in note 15 )
329.1
95.0
O/N deposits in other banks (presented in note 15 )
21.9
0.0
Other current receivables in other banks (presented in note 15 )
361.1
182.6
Total
3,049.7
1,377.6
Explanation of the classification of the Bank’s activities into operating, investment and financial activities in the cash flow statement
Operating activity includes the core activities of the Bank, not classified as investment or financial activities.
Investing activity includes the purchase and sale of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and equity
instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, as well as debt securities measured at amortized cost (excluding short-term treasury bills). Inflows from investing activities also includes dividends received from holding shares in other entities.
Financial activity pertains to long-term financial transactions (over one year) with financial entities. Inflows from
financial activity indicate sources of financing of the Bank, including, for example, long-term loans and cash loans from other banks as well as financial entities other than banks. Outflows from financial activity are mainly due to repayment of long-term liabilities (repayment of received loans including interest) by the Bank and payment of dividends to the owners.
Reasons for differences between changes in certain items recognised in statement of financial position and in cash flow statement
Below are presented the differences between the changes in the balance resulting from the statement of financial position and the changes reported in the cash flow statement. The explanations for the reasons for the differences are as follows:
Difference 1:
Changes in the balance of individual assets and liabilities have been adjusted for interest, which is presented in the item Interest received (from assets) or Interest paid (from liabilities).
Difference 2:
The Change in loans and other receivables to other banks excludes the change in the balance of receivables constituting cash equivalents (accounts at other banks) and is presented under Increase/decrease in net cash .
Difference 3:
Changes in the valuation of fair value recognized in other comprehensive income are excluded from the changes in the balances of individual assets and liabilities.
Difference 4:
The items Change in financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss and Change in investment securities include changes in debt securities presented in accordance with IFRS 9.3.2.23 (a), in a separate line item in the statement of financial position as Transferred assets .
Difference 5:
Changes related to the acquisition and sale or redemption of debt securities measured at amortized cost as well as changes related to the acquisition of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income are excluded from the Change in investment securities . These changes are presented as cash flows from investing activities.
Difference 6:
The Change in other assets includes non-cash - apart from depreciation - changes in the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets as well as equity investments (cash changes related to these items are presented in cash flows from investing activities).
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
103
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Difference 7:
The amount of repayment of lease liabilities, which was presented in cash flows from financing activities, was excluded from the Change in other liabilities .
Difference 8:
The Change in other liabilities includes non-cash - other than accrued and unpaid interest - changes in the balance sheet value of subordinated liabilities and liabilities from issuance of securities. The cash changes related to these items are presented in cash flows from financing activities.
Difference 9:
The Change in other assets includes a change in current income tax receivables, resulting from the deduction of tax liabilities for other taxes (tax on certain financial institutions and value added tax) from the overpayment for 2021.
In the tables below, individual differences have been numbered in accordance with the above list.
2022
change of balance
in statement of
financial position
In cash flow statement
difference,
including:
Difference 1
Difference 2
Difference 3
Difference 4
Difference 5
Difference 6
Difference 7
Difference 8
Difference 9
change in provisions
15.4
20.0
4.6
-
-
4.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in loans and other receivables to other banks
-4,045.8
-3,598.1
447.7
13.2
434.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
-414.0
-325.7
88.3
8.9
-
-
79.4
-
-
-
-
-
change in investment securities
-2,828.4
-502.3
2,326.1
131.6
-
-573.7
2,037.7
730.5
-
-
-
-
change in hedge derivatives
245.3
-5,628.1
-5,873.4
-
-
-5,873.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in loans and other receivables to customers
-8,393.0
-7,918.0
475.0
229.9
-
245.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in other assets, including:
-
177.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in ‘other assets’ in the statement of financial position
46.1
46.1
0.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
other changes
-
131.8
131.8
-
-
-
-
-
-122.4
-
-
254.2
change in liabilities to other banks
-5,558.7
-5,560.3
-1.6
-1.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in liabilities to customers
22,138.5
21,752.7
-385.8
-385.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in other liabilities, including:
-
2,057.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in ‘other liabilities in the statement of financial position
1,916.8
2,018.1
101.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
101.3
-
-
other changes
-
39.3
39.3
-
-
7.6
-
-
-
-
31.7
-
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
104
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2021
change of balance
in statement of
financial position
In cash
flow statement
difference,
including:
Difference 1
Difference 2
Difference 3
Difference 4
Difference 5
Difference 6
Difference 7
Difference 8
change in provisions
81.6
74.4
-7.2
-
-
-7.2
-
-
-
-
-
change in loans and other receivables to other banks
-484.2
-566.5
-82.3
0.9
-83.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
279.3
233.3
-46.0
-2.9
-
-
-43.1
-
-
-
-
change in investment securities
8,599.5
5,570.0
-3,029.5
-61.6
-
-311.8
-1,274.8
-1,381.3
-
-
-
change in hedge derivatives
621.3
-7,371.9
-7,993.2
-
-
-7,993.2
-
-
-
-
-
change in loans and other receivables to customers
-20,988.2
-21,014.9
-26.7
39.1
-
-65.8
-
-
-
-
-
change in other assets, including:
-
4.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in ‘other assets’ in the statement of financial position
37.8
37.8
0.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
other changes
-
-33.3
-33.3
-
-
-
-
-
-33.3
-
-
change in liabilities to other banks
1,439.8
1,439.4
-0.4
-0.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss
148.8
148.7
-0.1
-0.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in liabilities to customers
19,367.6
19,369.5
1.9
1.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in other liabilities, including:
-
423.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
change in ‘other liabilities in the statement of financial position
313.7
419.3
105.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
105.6
-
other changes
-
4.6
4.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.6
Change in the balance of liabilities presented in financial activities of the statement of cash flows
2022
subordinated liabilities
lease liabilities
Opening balance
1,610.3
320.2
changes from cash flows recognised in financing activities of the statement of cash flows, of which:
-24.0
-101.3
repayment of liabilities / redemption of debt securities
-
-101.3
interest payments on liabilities
-24.0
-
non-cash changes included in operating activities of the statement of cash flows
57.6
181.1
Closing balance
1,643.9
400.0
2021
subordinated liabilities
lease liabilities
Opening balance
2,309.2
375.9
changes from cash flows recognised in financing activities of the statement of cash flows, of which:
-730.3
-105.6
repayment of liabilities / redemption of debt securities
-702.2
-105.6
interest payments on liabilities
-28.1
-
non-cash changes included in operating activities of the statement of cash flows
31.4
49.9
Closing balance
1,610.3
320.2
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
105
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
41. Related entities
The Bank holds shares in the following subsidiaries and associates:
• 100% of shares in ING Investment Holding (Polska) S.A., which owns shares in the entities:
− 100% of shares in ING Commercial Finance S.A.
− 100% of shares in ING Lease (Polska) Sp. z o.o.
− 100% of shares in SAIO S.A.
− 45% of shares in NN Investment Partners TFI S.A. (associate),
• 100% of shares in ING Bank Hipoteczny S.A.,
• 100% of shares in ING Usługi dla Biznesu S.A.,
• 100% of shares in Nowe Usługi S.A.
The ING Lease (Polska) Sp. z o.o Group incorporates 5 special-purpose vehicles wherein ING Lease Polska Sp. z o.o. holds 100% of shares.
ING Bank Śląski S.A. is a subsidiary of ING Bank NV, which as at 31 December 2022 held 75% shares in the share capital of ING Bank Śląski S.A. and 75% shares in the total number of votes at the General Meeting of ING Bank Śląski S.A. The ultimate Parent entity is ING Groep N.V. based in the Netherlands.
ING Bank Śląski performs operations with ING Bank NV and its subsidiaries on the inter-bank market. These are both short-term deposits and loans, as well as operations in derivatives. The Bank also maintains bank accounts of entities from the ING Group. All of the above transactions are carried out on an arm's length basis.
Operating costs incurred by the Bank for the Parent entity result primarily from contracts for the provision of consultancy and advisory services, data processing and analysis, provision of software licenses and IT support. In terms of costs incurred by the Bank for other related entities, outsourcing agreements play a dominant role regarding the provision of system resource hosting services for various applications, lease of IT equipment, monitoring the availability and performance of applications and IT infrastructure as well as penetration testing and IT security monitoring.
Costs are presented as per their net value (VAT excluded).
In 2022, the Bank did not sell receivables to ING Bank Hipoteczny S.A. while in 2021, the Bank conducted 1 sale transaction to ING Bank Hipoteczny S.A. portfolio of mortgage-secured housing loans in the total amount of PLN 712.4 million. The purchase price was set at the market value.
As at 31 December 2022, ING Bank Śląski S.A. had exposure to one of the Supervisory Board members at the end of 2022 in the form of a used credit card limit of PLN 5 thousand (PLN 12 thousand at the end of 2021).
The tables below present numerical information on receivables and payables, revenues and expenses as well as expenditures on fixed assets, which result from transactions concluded between entities related to the Bank.
2022
ING Bank N.V.
Pozostałe podmioty Grupy ING
Podmioty zależne
Podmioty stowarzyszone
Receivables
Nostro accounts
2.2
174.4
-
-
Deposits placed
227.7
-
-
-
Loans
-
8.6
13,401.4
-
Positive valuation of derivatives
207.4
-
-
-
Reverse repo
3,759.3
-
-
-
Other receivables
4.4
3.8
2.4
-
Liabilities
Deposits received
11.0
156.4
128.8
9.3
Subordinated loan
1,643.8
-
-
-
Loro accounts
59.5
32.4
2.4
-
Negative valuation of derivatives
208.2
-
1.6
-
Other liabilities
92.0
9.7
4.3
-
Off-balance-sheet operations
Off-balance sheet liabilities granted
532.2
759.2
8,475.7
0.1
Off-balance sheet liabilities received*
1,276.3
21.6
-
-
FX transactions
16,307.9
-
-
-
IRS
187.1
-
49.2
-
Options
400.5
-
-
-
Income and expenses
Income, including:
-219.2
2.8
718.6
39.0
net interest and commission income
-42.0
7.4
717.1
39.0
net income on financial instruments
-177.2
-5.4
-1.7
-
net (loss)/income on other basic activities
-
0.8
3.2
-
General and administrative expenses
-176.6
-38.7
-3.5
-
Outlays for non-current assets
Outlays for intangible assets
3.1
-
1.3
-
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
106
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2021
ING Bank N.V.
Pozostałe podmioty Grupy ING
Podmioty zależne
Podmioty stowarzyszone
Receivables
Nostro accounts
5.8
6.0
-
-
Loans
-
0.3
13,465.9
-
Positive valuation of derivatives
140.0
-
1.2
-
Other receivables
4.8
1.4
0.7
-
Liabilities
Deposits received
3,378.5
142.1
151.0
13.6
Subordinated loan
1,610.4
-
-
-
Loro accounts
39.1
40.1
1.5
-
Negative valuation of derivatives
102.1
-
-
-
Other liabilities
119.3
2.5
1.6
-
Off-balance-sheet operations
Off-balance sheet liabilities granted
503.1
790.1
7,697.3
0.1
Off-balance sheet liabilities received*
56.1
19.0
-
-
FX transactions
17,884.0
8.7
-
-
IRS
554.6
-
53.5
-
Options
1,020.1
16.7
-
-
Income and expenses
Income, including:
-37.3
10.8
136.0
52.6
net interest and commission income
-38.3
5.8
140.3
52.6
net income on financial instruments
1.0
3.9
-
-
net (loss)/income on other basic activities
-
1.1
3.3
-
the result on the sale of securities measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
-
-
-7.6
-
General and administrative expenses
-172.1
-6.5
-3.2
-
Outlays for non-current assets
Outlays for intangible assets
-
-
1.2
-
*) At the end of 2022, the amount of Off-balance sheet liabilities received from ING Bank N.V. includes PLN 1,219.4 million due to the non-preferred senior loan agreement (NPS). On 22 December 2022 the Bank concluded with ING Bank N.V. the non-preferred senior loan agreement (“Loan”). The Loan amount is EUR 260 million. The Loan was granted for 6 years. The Bank has the right to prepay the Loan after the lapse of 5 years, provided the relevant approval of the Bank Guarantee Fund has been obtained. The Loan granted by ING Bank N.V. is the element of the SPE strategy for ING
Group. Interest will be paid quarterly at the 3M EURIBOR rate plus margin. The Bank shall recognise the funds obtained from the Loan under the eligible liabilities for the purpose of the minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities (“MREL”) at the transaction processing date being 5 January 2023.
42. Transactions with the management staff and employees
Loans to Bank employees and senior management
Employees of the Bank use loans on the same terms as other customers of the Bank (there are no preferential loans for employees). Loans to employees are included in the amount of loans to customers and as at 31 December 2022 amounted to PLN 384.3 million (excluding loans from the Social Fund). As at 31 December 2021, their value was PLN 205.6 million.
Granting a loan, cash loan, bank guarantee and surety for persons in the Bank's management is defined by a separate procedure and monitoring in accordance with the Regulation of the President of ING Bank Śląski S.A.
The financial statements for 2022 include credits, cash loans, bank guarantees and sureties for the management of the Bank (within the meaning of Art. 79 of the Banking Law) in the amount of PLN 55.3 million. As at 31 December 2021, their value was PLN 30.8 million.
In-House Social Benefits Fund
Employees can take advantage of various forms of social assistance under the Company Social Benefit Funds established in the Bank. The balance of loans granted from the Company Social Benefits Fund as at 31 December 2022 amounted to PLN 1.1 million, compared to PLN 1.5 million as at 31 December 2021. The Company Social Benefits Fund amounted to PLN 19.0 million as at 31 December 2022 compared to PLN 11.4 million as at 31 December 2021.
Remuneration of ING Bank Śląski S.A. Management Board Members
The composition of ING Bank Śląski S.A. Management Board as at the end of 2022 was presented in the chapter I. Bank details in point 7 . ING Bank Śląski S.A. Management Board and Supervisory Board composition .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
107
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Emoluments of ING Bank Śląski S.A. Management Board Members
2022
2021
Short-term employee benefits, including:
remuneration
11.8
10.2
benefits
2.2
1.9
Total
14.0
12.1
Short-term employee benefits comprise: base remuneration, insurance, mutual fund contributions, medical care and other benefits awarded by the Supervisory Board.
Emoluments of ING Bank Śląski S.A. Management Board Members under the Variable Remuneration Programme
2022
2021
Short-term benefits
Long-term benefits
Short-term benefits
Long-term benefits
Cash payments
3.0
2.2
3.6
2.9
Phantom stock
1.5
1.1
3.6
2.9
Own stock
1.6
1.2
0.0
0.0
Total
6.1
4.5
7.2
5.8
Short-term benefits comprise the benefits under the Variable Remuneration Programme – the non-deferred part. Long-term benefits comprise the benefits under the Variable Remuneration Programme – the deferred part.
Emoluments of Members of the ING Bank Śląski S.A. Management Board for 2022 under the Variable Remuneration Programme have not yet been awarded.
In accordance with the remuneration system in force at the Bank, Members of the Bank's Management Board may be entitled to a bonus for 2022, part of which will be paid in 2023, and part will be deferred for subsequent years (2024 - 2030). The maximum achievable amount of the bonus for 2022, for which the provision was created, is PLN 10.6 million, including PLN 3.0 million for the cash payment in 2023, and PLN 7.6 million for the deferred part of the bonus. The final decision regarding the amount of the bonus will be made by the Supervisory Board of the Bank.
As at 31 December 2021, the provision for the cash payment of bonuses for Members of the Management Board of the Bank amounted to PLN 13.0 million. The bonus amount approved by the Supervisory Board in 2022, which concerned 2021, amounted to PLN 9.3 million.
In the years ended 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, no post-employment benefits were paid to Members of the Management Board.
Members of the Management Board have concluded non-competition agreements after ceasing to perform their functions in the Management Board of the Bank. In the event of not being appointed for a new term of office or being dismissed, Members of the Management Board are entitled to severance pay. Information on severance payments due to Members of the Management Board is included in their employment contracts and is payable only in the event of termination of the employment contract by the Bank for reasons other than those entitling to terminate the employment contract without notice.
Remuneration of ING Bank Śląski S.A. Supervisory Board Members
The composition of ING Bank Śląski S.A. Supervisory Board as at the end of 2021 was presented in the chapter I. Bank details in point 7 . ING Bank Śląski S.A. Management Board and Supervisory Board composition .
Emoluments of ING Bank Śląski S.A. Supervisory Board Members
2022
2021
Short-term employee benefits, including:
remuneration
0.9
0.8
Total
0.9
0.8
The Management Board Members and other persons employed by ING Bank Śląski S.A. do not receive any remuneration or awards for performing functions in the governing bodies of subsidiaries and affiliated entities of the ING Bank Śląski S.A. Group.
Volume of ING Bank Śląski shares held by Bank Management Board and Supervisory Board Members
As at 31 December 2022, neither Management Board nor Supervisory Board Members held shares of ING Bank Śląski S.A., similarly as at the date of rendering the annual financial statements of the ING Bank Śląski S.A. for 2022 into the public domain.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
108
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
43. Headcount
The headcount in the Bank at the end of 2022 and 2021 was, respectively:
2022
2021
Individuals
7,961
8,248
FTEs
7,931.5
8,211.0
44. Significant events after the balance sheet date
Resignation of a Member of the Supervisory Board.
On 26 January 2023 the Bank has received from Mr Aris Bogdaneris a letter of resignation from the capacity as Member of the Bank Supervisory Board effective as at the date of the next Ordinary General Meeting of the Bank, due to his plans to leave ING Group.
Intention to acquire Paymento Financial
On 27 January 2023, the Polish Financial Supervision Authority (PFSA) stated that there are no grounds to object to the acquisition by ING Investment Holding (Polska) S.A. - a 100% subsidiary of ING Bank Śląski - of a controlling stake in Paymento Financial S.A. After receiving the decision from the PFSA, the parties will proceed to finalize the transaction.
Paymento Financial S.A. provides professional financial services and IT solutions for the financial sector. The company is a National Payment Institution and its activity is subject to the supervision of the Office of the PFSA.
The acquisition of the technology company means strengthening the e-commerce competences at ING Bank Śląski S.A. and support in further development of the offer in this area.
Opinion of the Advocate General of the CJEU
On 16 February 2023, the Advocate General of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) issued an opinion in case C-520/21 regarding the answer to the question of the referring court as to whether the provisions of EU law preclude judicial interpretation of national provisions, according to which if a loan agreement concluded by a bank and the consumer is invalid from the beginning due to the conclusion of unfair contract terms, the parties, in addition to the refund of money paid in the performance of this contract (bank - loan principal, consumer -
installments, fees, commissions and insurance premiums) and statutory interest for delay from the time of request to payment, may also demand any other benefits, including receivables (in particular remuneration, compensation, reimbursement of costs or indexation of the benefit).
The Advocate General pointed out that Directive 93/13 does not regulate how the parties to an indexed credit agreement should settle accounts if it is deemed invalid. Therefore, the answer to the question whether the consumer may request the bank to reimburse the costs of using the installments paid should be sought in national law. If national law allows such a consumer claim, the Directive does not prevent it. As to the bank's claims, the Advocate General indicated that Directive 93/13 precluded these claims.
The Advocate's opinion does not prejudge the decision and is not binding on the CJEU. Therefore, the judgment of the CJEU may be different from the one proposed by the Advocate General.
The Bank took into account the opinion of the CJEU Advocate in the estimates regarding these financial statements. Calculation assumptions, in particular taking into account decisions regarding remuneration, both the amount of adjustments to the gross carrying amount resulting from legal risk for the portfolio of CHF-indexed mortgage loans disclosed in the statement of financial position and the amount of provisions for CHF-indexed mortgage loans already removed from the statement of financial position as at 31 December 2022, is described in Chapter III. Significant accounting policies , in point 3.6 .
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
109
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Risk and equity management
I. Risk and capital management system 110
II. Credit risk 115
III. Market risk 134
IV. Liquidity and funding risk 146
V. Other risks 154
Risk and equity
management
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
110
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Risk and equity management
I. Risk and capital management system
1.1. Risk management system
The risk management system is an integrated set of rules, mechanisms and tools (including, among others, policies and procedures) relating to risk-related processes. The role of the risk management system is risk management, adequate to the size and profile of the risk borne by the Bank, through constant identification, measurement or assessment, monitoring, risk control, including risk mitigation and risk reporting along with the assessment of the effectiveness of the risk mitigation measures taken. As part of risk control, the Bank hedges against risk or limits it by introducing appropriate control mechanisms, a system of limits and an adequate level of provisions (allowances), as well as capital and liquidity buffers.
Within the risk management system, the Bank:
• has a specific frequency of risk measurement or assessment, which is adequate to the scale and complexity of the activity,
• applies formalised rules that are used to determine the size of undertaken risks and rules governing risk management,
• applies formalised procedures aimed at risk identification, measurement, or estimation that also includes a predicable risk level in the future,
• applies formalised limits that mitigate the risk and the rules of procedure if the limits have been exceeded, including introducing ways and means to eliminate exceeding the limits in the future,
• applies the adopted management reporting system that provides for risk level monitoring,
• holds an organisational structure that is adapted to the risk scope and profile,
• has qualified staff of risk management units and provides training for employees of the first and second line of defense.
The risk management system is defined in the General Principles of Credit, Market, Liquidity, Funding and Operational Risk Management and Mitigation at ING Bank Śląski S.A .
The structure of risk and control at the Bank is based on a model of three lines of defence . The model is to ensure a
stable and effective framework for risk management by defining and implementing three levels of “risk management” with various roles, duties and responsibilities related to supervision.
• First line of defence - responsible for compliance with the principles resulting from the approved policies,
regulations, instructions and procedures. The scope of responsibilities of the first line of defense includes, among others, the analysis, control and management of risks in processes, including in relation to outsourced activities. These are the Bank's business and organizational units that support the business operationally and technologically and units responsible for environmental risk.
• Second line of defence - responsible for issuing regulations and providing risk management methods and
tools, including supporting the first line of defense during this process. As part of its control activities, it performs its own independent assessment of the effectiveness of the functioning of the first line of defense through: inspections, tests, reviews and other forms of control. It also supports the first line of defense in terms of control mechanisms. The second line of defence consists of units from the area of:
− operational risk
− compliance risk
− legal risk
− credit and market risks
− finance
− HR management and
Credit Risk Inspection Department and Model Validation Department.
• Third line of defence - provides an independent assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of the risk
management system and the internal control system in the first and second line of defense. The third line of defense is the Internal Audit Department.
The internal control system is defined in the Internal Control System at ING Bank Śląski S.A. Policy .
A special role in the risk management process is performed by the Bank's Management Board and Supervisory Board. The Bank operates a number of committees that are active in the management of specific risk types.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
111
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
1.2. Principles of risk management
ING Bank Śląski S.A. manages credit, market and operational risks in compliance with Polish law, regulations of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority and other authorised authorities as well as in compliance with the standards set by the ING Group to the extent that does not breach the regulations referred to above and best practice documents.
Irrespective of the need to assure regulatory and legal compliance, the Bank treats credit, market and operational risk management as a fundamental and integral part of overall management of the Bank.
1.3. Risk appetite
Risk appetite determines the maximum risk volume which the Bank is ready to accept thus supporting stability and further development. As part of risk and capital management, the Bank determines risk appetite parameters (the so-called RAS – Risk Appetite Statement) in the following basic areas:
• RAS covering capital adequacy,
• RAS covering liquidity and funding risk and market risk,
• RAS covering credit risk,
• RAS covering operational risk.
RAS on capital adequacy
In 2022, the Bank monitored the levels enabling the payment of dividend for the following capital ratios (with the dividend levels current as at a given date):
• Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio of at least 10.5%,
• Tier 1 (T1) ratio of at least 12.5%, and
• Total capital ratio (TCR) of at least 14.00%.
In RAS levels, the Bank maintained a systemic risk buffer of 3% for dividend purposes. The above RAS levels do not yet include the reduction of the buffer level of other systemically important institutions from 0.75% to 0.5%, of which the Bank was informed by the KNF on 20 December 2022.
RAS concerning capital adequacy results from the duty to maintain minimum levels of capital ratios resulting from the following external regulations:
• Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 (4.5% for CET1, 6% for T1 and 8% for TCR),
• Act of 5 August 2015 on macro-prudential supervision over the financial system and crisis management in the financial system sanctioning additional equity buffers, including:
− the conservation buffer, which in 2022 (as in 2021) was 2.5%,
− the buffer of another systemic institution of 0.75% imposed by the decision of PFSA of 5 November 2021 (by the decision of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority received on 20 December 2022, the buffer level was reduced to 0.5%
− the countercyclical buffer applies to the exposures to which such a buffer has been imposed by the competent authorities. The countercyclical buffer is variable over time depending on the structure of the relevant exposures and the levels of the countercyclical buffer rates imposed on the relevant exposures (at the end of December 2022 the countercyclical buffer was 0.006% effectively compared to 0.001% at the end of December 2021),
• Regulation of the Minister of Development and Finance of 1 September 2017 on the systemic risk buffer introducing a systemic risk buffer of 3% of the total risk exposure amount, applicable to all exposures located in the territory of the Republic of Poland (On 18 March 2020, the Ordinance of the Minister of Finance repealing the ordinance on the systemic risk buffer was published, however, following a prudent approach, the Bank monitors the dividend level, taking into account the size of the systemic risk buffer). For the purposes of the RAS, the dividend levels resulting from the dividend policy of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority do not include the capital add-on recommended under Pillar 2.
The capital adequacy RAS also defines capital limits for individual types of risk.
1.4. Own funds and capital requirements
1.4.1 Own funds
The Bank's own funds consist of:
• Common Equity Tier 1 capital, which at the end of 2022 amounted to PLN 14,847.2 million,
• Tier 2 capital, which at the end of 2022 amounted to PLN 1,641.4 million.
As at 31 December 2022, the Bank did not identify additional Tier 1 capital (AT1).
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
112
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Own funds
2022
2021 *
Tier 1
14,847.2
14,934.2
Tier 1 core capital
14,847.2
14,934.2
equity instruments classified as Tier I core capital
130.1
130.1
surplus from the sales of shares above the par value (share premium)
956.3
956.3
retained earnings, including:
705.0
2,177.8
retained earnings in previous years
58.6
559.0
recognized profit
646.4
1,618.8
accumulated other comprehensive income
-364.8
-141.8
reserve capital
13,309.0
11,183.5
general bank risk funds
1,215.2
1,215.2
goodwill and other intangible assets
-355.9
-312.5
transitional adjustments to Common Equity Tier 1 capital
375.9
275.2
value adjustments due to prudent valuation requirements
-28.3
-29.2
deferred tax assets based on future profitability and not arising from temporary differences after deducting related income tax liabilities
-1,034.5
-517.3
shortfall in credit risk adjustments against expected losses under the IRB approach
-56.3
0.0
shortfall in coverage for non-performing exposures
-4.5
-3.1
Tier 2
1,641.4
1,726.4
subordinated debt
1,641.4
1,609.8
surplus in provisions over the expected credit losses under the IRB approach
0.0
116.6
Own funds taken into account in total capital ratio calculation
16,488.6
16,660.6
*) On 7 April 2022, the Bank's General Meeting approved the distribution of profit for 2021. Including the net profit earned in 2021 as at 31 December 2021 in own funds resulted in an increase in own funds to PLN 16,660.6 million, which is presented in the table above. According to the value shown in the annual financial statements for 2021, the level of own funds amounted to PLN 15,534.3 million.
1.4.2 Capital requirement
In 2022 and 2021, for reporting purposes, the calculation of capital requirement relating to credit risk was made by the Bank with an advanced method of internal ratings and the standard method. The Bank obtained consent of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority and of the Dutch National Bank to apply the advanced internal rating method (AIRB) for the following exposure classes: corporates and credit institutions. In the area of operational risk, since
June 2020, the Bank applies the BIA (Basic Indicator Approach) method. In the area of market risk, the Bank uses the basic method and the updated average return period method (depending on the type of risk). Additionally, the Bank determines capital requirements relating to concentration risk, settlement risk and adjustment risk or credit valuation (CVA). In all the cases, the requirements are determined in compliance with the CRR.
The total capital requirement is dominated by the credit risk requirement. At the end of 2022, similarly to the end of 2021, it accounted for 88% of the total requirement.
1.4.3 Capital adequacy
On 31 December 2022, the total capital ratio (TCR) for the Bank amounted to 16.77% compared to 17.09% at the end of 2021, and the Tier 1 ratio amounted to 15.10% compared to 15.31% at the end of 2021.
The main drivers of the change in the total capital ratio are:
• as part of Common Equity Tier 1 capital:
− increase in the negative impact of deferred tax assets based on future profitability and not resulting from temporary differences, in connection with the realized tax loss for 2022 as a result of the valuation of the IRS instrument portfolio - a decrease in the total capital ratio by 0.53 p.p.,
− increase in the negative impact due to unrealized gains and losses on the portfolio measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, taking into account the temporary treatment in accordance with Art. 468 of Regulation 575/2013 - a decrease in the total capital ratio by 0.12 p.p.,
− taking into account the profit for the first half of 2022, less expected dividends (PLN 646.4 million) - an increase in the total capital ratio by 0.66 p.p.,
• as part of the capital requirement:
− increase in risk-weighted assets, including those resulting from model changes - a decrease in the total capital ratio by 0.14 p.p.
The excess of the total capital ratio over the regulatory requirement decreased from 5.84% to 5.24% and the excess of the Tier 1 ratio decreased from 6.06% to 5.57%.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Total capital ratio
2022
2021 *
Own funds used to calculate the total capital ratio
16,488.6
16,660.6
Capital requirements
capital requirements relating to credit risk, counterparty credit risk, dilution risk and risk of delivery with postponed settlement dates
6,909.0
6,857.2
capital requirements relating to position risk, FX risk and risk of commodity prices
113.0
100.3
capital requirement for operational risk
843.7
843.7
Total capital requirement
7,865.7
7,801.2
Total capital ratio
16.77%
17.09%
Minimum required level
11.526%
11.252%
Surplus TCR ratio (p.p)
5.24
5.84
Tier 1 capital ratio
15.10%
15.31%
Minimum required level
9.526%
9.252%
Surplus T1 ratio (p.p)
5.57
6.06
*) On 7 April 2022, the Bank's General Meeting approved the distribution of profit for 2021. Including the net profit earned in 2021 as at December 31, 2021 in own funds resulted in an increase in the TCR and Tier1 ratios to 17.09% and 15.31%, respectively, which was presented in the table above. According to the values presented in the annual financial statements for 2021, the Bank's TCR and Tier1 ratios as at 31 December 2021 were 16.05% and 14.29%, respectively.
In the calculation of capital ratios, the Bank used transitional provisions to mitigate the impact of the implementation of IFRS 9 on the level of own funds. In addition, the Bank applied the temporary treatment of unrealized gains and losses measured at fair value through other comprehensive income in accordance with Art. 468 of the CRR. If the Bank does not apply the transition period for the purposes of implementing IFRS 9 or temporarily treat unrealized gains and losses measured at fair value through other comprehensive income in accordance with Art. 468 of the CRR Regulation, the total capital ratio as at 31 December 2022 would be 16.43% and the Tier 1 capital ratio at 14.76% (compared to 16.84% and 15.05% at the end of 2021, respectively).
Minimum capital requirements
On 20 December 2022, the Bank received a letter from the Polish Financial Supervision Authority regarding the change in the buffer level of other systemically important institutions, the adequate amount of which, based on the principles adopted by the Polish Financial Supervision Authority, was set at 0.5% of the total risk exposure amount. The KNF decision means that the buffer of other systemically important institution for the Bank has changed from 0.75% to 0.5%.
On 27 December 2022, the Bank received a letter from the Polish Financial Supervision Authority on the recommendation to limit the risk of the Bank's operations by maintaining own funds to cover the additional capital charge (P2G) to absorb potential losses resulting from the occurrence of stress conditions, in the amount of 0.52 p.p. at the individual level and 0.50 p.p. at the consolidated level. The Bank should meet the recommendation above the value of the total capital ratio (referred to in Article 92(1)(c) of Regulation No. 575/2013), increased by an additional requirement for own funds (P2R, referred to in Article 138(1)(c) of Regulation No. 575/2013). 2 point 2 of the Banking Law Act) and the combined buffer requirement (referred to in Article 55(4) of the Act on Macroprudential Supervision). P2G's capital add-on should consist entirely of Common Equity Tier 1 capital.
As a consequence, as at 31 December 2022, the minimum capital requirements for the Bank at the individual level are:
• CET1 >= 8.02%,
• T1 >= 9.52%,
• TCR >= 11.52%.
1.5. Dividend policy
The most important assumptions of the Bank's dividend policy are as follows:
• stable realisation of dividend payments in a foreseeable perspective in the amount of up to 50% of the Bank’s annual net profit in compliance with the prudent management principle and all regulatory requirements the Bank is obliged to comply with, and taking into account the adopted Best Practice for WSE Listed Companies 2021,
• a proposal to pay dividends in an amount higher than the ratio indicated above is possible if justified by the bank’s financial situation (e.g. from retained earnings) and provided that all other requirements of the law and the dividend policy are met.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
• possibility of dividend payouts from capital surplus over the minimum capital adequacy ratios and above the minimum levels of capital ratios determined by the Polish Financial Supervision Authority for dividend payouts.
When deciding on the proposed amount of dividend payment, the Bank’s Management Board takes into account the supervisory requirements communicated within the framework of the official communication of the PFSA concerning the dividend policy of banks, as well as the following considerations:
• the current economic and financial condition of the Bank and the Bank’s Group, including limitations when financial losses are generated or in case of low profitability (low return on assets / equity),
• assumptions of the management and risk management strategy of the Bank and the Bank’s Capital Group,
• restrictions resulting from Art. 56 of the Act on Macro-prudential Supervision over the Financial System and Crisis Management in the Financial System of 5 August 2015,
• the need to reduce current period profits or unapproved annual profits included in own funds by foreseeable dividends, in accordance with Article 26 of EU Regulation No 575/2013,
• macroeconomic environment.
PFSA’s guidelines with respect to dividend for 2022
On 6 December 2022, the Polish Financial Supervision Authority published its position on the dividend policy in 2023. An amount of up to 50% of the profit for 2022 can only be paid out by banks that meet the following criteria at the same time:
• they not pursue any recovery plan,
• are positively assessed as part of the Supervisory Review and Evaluation process (final SREP score not worse than 2.5),
• have a leverage level (LR) of more than 5%,
• have a Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio not lower than the required minimum: 4.5% + 56% * P2R requirement + combined buffer requirement (including 3 p.p. supervisory buffer),
• have a Tier 1 (T1) capital ratio not lower than the required minimum: 6% + 75% * P2R requirement + combined buffer requirement (including 3 p.p. supervisory buffer),
• have a total capital ratio (TCR) not lower than the required minimum: 8% + P2R requirement + combined buffer requirement (including 3 p.p. supervisory buffer).
An amount of up to 75% of the profit from 2022 may be paid out only by banks that meet the criteria for a 50% payout, taking into account, as part of the capital criteria, the bank's sensitivity to an unfavorable macroeconomic scenario (measured by the level of P2G).
The amount up to 100% of the profit from 2022 may be paid out only by banks that meet the criteria for the payment of 75%, and whose portfolio of receivables from the non-financial sector is characterized by good credit quality (the share of NPL, including debt instruments, at a level not exceeding 5%).
The criteria set out in the above points should be met by the bank both at the individual and consolidated level.
Paid dividends
Based on the position of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority on the dividend policy of banks for 2022, on 7 April 2022, the Ordinary General Meeting of the Bank adopted a resolution on the payment of dividend from the profit for 2021. Based on this resolution, on 4 May 2022, the Bank paid a dividend in the total amount of PLN 689.5 million, i.e. PLN 5.30 gross per share.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
II. Credit risk
1.1. Introduction
The superior documents regulating credit risk management are: General Principles of credit risk management and mitigation, market risk, liquidity risk, funding risk and operational risk management at ING Bank Śląski and Credit risk management policy at ING Bank Śląski .
Credit risk is understood as:
• a risk of a financial loss that may be suffered by the Bank as a result of default by debtors in whole and at the agreed time on their credit obligations to the Bank, or
• a risk of reduced economic value of credit exposures or groups of credit exposures as a result of impaired ability of debtors to service their debt at the agreed time.
Maximum credit risk exposure
2022
2021
Loans and other receivables to other banks
7,204.2
3,158.4
Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss (excluding derivatives and equity instruments), including:
2,114.2
1,776.7
Financial assets held for trading
2,059.6
1,698.3
Valuation of derivatives
974.9
629.3
Other financial assets held for trading, including:
1,084.7
1,069.0
debt securities, including:
607.1
544.3
Treasury bonds in PLN
566.9
502.4
Czech Treasury bonds in CZK
39.8
41.4
European Investment Bank bonds
0.4
0.5
repo transactions
477.6
524.7
Financial assets other than those held for trading, measured at fair value through profit or loss, including:
54.6
78.4
loans obligatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss
54.6
78.4
Derivative hedge instruments
139.2
250.4
Investment securities (excluding equity instruments), including:
48,227.3
47,390.1
Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, including:
15,607.2
15,428.3
Treasury bonds in PLN
12,069.2
12,982.7
Treasury bonds in EUR
1,803.4
1,022.9
European Investment Bank bonds
1,308.9
941.4
Austrian government bonds
425.7
481.3
Measured at amortised cost, including:
32,620.1
31,961.8
Treasury bonds in PLN
13,352.5
16,082.8
Treasury bonds in EUR
3,192.1
4,028.8
European Investment Bank bonds
1,802.1
2,299.8
Bonds of the Polish Development Fund (PFR)
6,815.7
5,695.2
Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego bonds
3,858.4
3,855.2
NBP bills
3,599.3
0.0
Loans and other receivables to customers, including:
145,733.5
137,340.5
Measured at amortised cost, including:
137,520.3
127,185.6
Corporate banking
84,090.6
72,807.4
loans in the current account
18,551.2
15,298.8
term loans and advances
61,762.0
54,190.3
corporate and municipal debt securities
3,777.4
3,318.3
Retail banking
51,580.7
51,128.9
mortgages
43,661.8
42,790.9
loans in the current account
634.0
631.9
other loans and advances
7,284.9
7,706.1
Other receivables
1,849.0
3,249.3
Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
8,213.2
10,154.9
Receivables under other assets
24.9
14.7
Granted off-balance sheet liabilities, of which:
49,982.9
51,390.1
Undrawn credit lines
39,044.9
41,511.7
guarantees
7,458.4
6,372.5
undrawn overdrafts in current account
1,549.7
1,563.2
credit card limits
1,548.2
1,549.1
letters of credit
381.7
393.6
Total
253,426.2
241,320.9
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
116
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
The Bank's credit exposure portfolio risk policy takes into account the fact that activities generating credit risk may also be associated with other types of risk, i.e., among others: liquidity risk, market risk, operational risk, legal risk and reputational risk, which may reinforce each other, and takes into account the ESG risk.
The Bank optimises and mitigates losses relating to risk exposure by:
• setting internal limits,
• an adequate structure of credit products,
• applying collateral,
• applying functional controls,
• effective monitoring, restructuring and collection,
• monitoring of changes to the clients’ credit worthiness and reliability,
• regular monitoring and validation of models used to identify and measure credit risk
• performing analyses of trends and the values of key risk indicators.
The Bank’s core objective in the process of credit risk management is to support effective accomplishment of business goals by active risk management and efforts supporting organic growth while:
• maintaining a secure level of solvency and liquidity and an adequate level of provisions,
• ensuring compliance with the law and supervisory requirements.
The Bank manages credit risk in an integrated manner on the basis of:
• strategic planning,
• a consistent system of limits, policies and procedures, and
• tools for risk management, including those to identify, measure and control risks.
The integrated system includes all processes in the Bank pursued in connection with credit activity.
Detailed credit risk management objectives are as follows:
• supporting business initiatives,
• maintenance of credit losses at a pre-determined level,
• ongoing verification, review of adequacy and development of the applied procedures, models and other elements of the risk management system,
• adaptation of activities to the changing external conditions,
• maintaining an appropriate level of capital requirements for credit risk and provisions,
• ensuring compliance with the regulator’s requirements.
1.2. Risk management strategy and risk appetite parameters
The Bank treats credit risk management as a fundamental and integral part of overall management of the Bank. The core elements of risk management include determination and monitoring of strategy implementation and RAS parameters (Risk Appetite Statement).
Credit risk management strategy
The credit risk management strategy supports achievement of business objectives while maintaining the Bank's safe level of solvency and liquidity and an adequate level of provisions. The strategy is determined in order to ensure an optimum development of the credit portfolio while maintaining an adequate quality and profitability of credit operations and capital allocation. The primary goal of defining the credit risk management strategy is to optimise the risk/return on equity ratio, while considering information on the current and prospective macroeconomic environment, the Bank's portfolio and the level of execution of the RAS limits.
The credit risk management strategy provides for a “lookout to the future”, including the need to remain competitive, attractive and to develop the Bank's offer.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Risk Appetite Statement (RAS)
RAS means the Bank's risk appetite which is defined by setting key and specific limits. The determination and monitoring of the risk appetite level (RAS parameters) constitute an integral part of the planning process at the Bank and management of concentration risk by the Bank.
Types of RAS limits for credit risk:
• sales and portfolio limits,
• portfolio quality limits/ for the values of risk parameters,
• monitoring and collection efficiency limits,
• sector limits,
• concentration limits, including limits for the portfolio of mortgage-secured credit exposures resulting from the requirements of Recommendation S,
• RAS quality parameters for ESG risk.
Apart from RAS limits, the Bank sets limits for credit risk for each area, business lines, products and transaction limits that are approved by the competent credit decision maker. Additionally, internal concentration limits are set for economic sectors, accepted collateral, regions and mortgage-backed credit exposures. The compliance with RAS limits is monitored and reported during the year on a monthly basis.
Bank’s largest exposures
The table below contains a specification of the Bank’s 20 largest exposures to entities / groups of related entities (including groups on entities where the Bank is the parent entity).
The amount of exposures includes the value of on-balance sheet assets (loans granted, placed deposits, debt securities), granted off-balance sheet liabilities and the book equivalent of derivative instruments. The exposures were reduced by amounts of exclusions permitted by Regulation (EU) No. 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 and MF Regulation 1018 of 1 July 2016.
Bank’s exposures
Entity/group of related entities
2022
2021
Group 1
2,379.8
1,031.2
Group 2 (banking)
2,179.0
2,050.3
Group 3 (banking)
1,673.1
1,407.0
Group 4
1,659.6
1,670.0
Group 5
1,464.0
1,216.5
Group 6 (banking)
1,323.6
936.1
Group 7
1,233.4
724.6
Group 8
1,078.3
810.7
Group 9
1,069.8
631.6
Group 10
998.0
1,162.9
Group 11
953.0
951.0
Group 12
930.4
604.9
Group 13
858.4
925.0
Group 14
847.6
644.6
Group 15
804.8
800.4
Group 16
754.0
319.7
Group 17
742.3
487.5
Group 18
698.7
653.9
Group 19
677.5
565.2
Group 20
674.5
-
Income statement
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of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Concentration of exposures to corporate clients in national economy sectors
2022
balance sheet and off-balance sheet exposure in PLN million
(gross carrying amount)
share in the total exposure
National economy sector
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Total
(in %)
financial intermediation
22,184.9
859.8
1.1
23,045.8
18.1%
wholesale trade
11,016.9
1,180.0
376.7
12,573.6
9.9%
property services
7,554.6
1,937.7
25.8
9,518.1
7.5%
construction
6,493.4
870.3
237.6
7,601.3
6.0%
other business operations
5,419.4
1,070.3
128.8
6,618.5
5.2%
retail trade
5,284.6
438.7
118.4
5,841.7
4.6%
production of foodstuffs and beverages
4,238.0
616.0
243.8
5,097.8
4.0%
manufacturing of metal final products
3,977.5
516.3
133.3
4,627.1
3.6%
power generation
3,860.6
12.5
110.3
3,983.4
3.1%
rubber industry
2,938.6
380.8
49.5
3,368.9
2.6%
production of chemicals, chemical products
1,908.9
1,240.5
1.7
3,151.1
2.5%
public administration and national defence
1,416.5
1,674.8
0.0
3,091.3
2.4%
wood and paper industry
2,412.3
220.0
55.8
2,688.1
2.1%
land transport and pipelines
2,178.3
344.2
83.3
2,605.8
2.0%
rental of equipment
2,282.4
280.3
8.9
2,571.6
2.0%
post and telecommunications
2,432.7
27.1
13.1
2,472.9
1.9%
sales, repair and maintenance of motor vehicles
2,106.9
163.0
60.7
2,330.6
1.8%
agriculture, forestry, fishery
1,849.1
260.6
104.0
2,213.7
1.7%
machine industry
1,611.5
203.6
51.3
1,866.4
1.5%
others
19,300.4
2,542.2
370.7
22,213.3
17.4%
Total
110,467.5
14,838.7
2,174.8
127,481.0
100%
2021
balance sheet and off-balance sheet exposure in PLN million
(gross carrying amount)
share in the total exposure
National economy sector
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Total
(in %)
financial intermediation
20,984.1
2.5
7.4
20,994.0
18.1%
wholesale trade
9,820.6
431.8
455.0
10,707.4
9.2%
property services
9,231.0
619.7
26.8
9,877.5
8.5%
construction
5,682.3
471.2
259.6
6,413.1
5.5%
other business operations
5,075.1
407.1
291.4
5,773.6
5.0%
retail trade
4,362.4
292.7
154.7
4,809.8
4.1%
manufacturing of metal final products
4,372.9
265.9
127.2
4,766.0
4.1%
production of foodstuffs and beverages
3,790.2
412.8
223.9
4,426.9
3.8%
power generation
3,623.7
12.5
123.6
3,759.8
3.2%
rubber industry
3,171.4
105.6
63.5
3,340.5
2.9%
public administration and national defence
2,931.9
0.2
0.0
2,932.1
2.5%
production of chemicals, chemical products
2,622.9
151.7
1.5
2,776.1
2.4%
post and telecommunications
2,551.8
14.9
7.7
2,574.4
2.2%
land transport and pipelines
2,152.4
191.5
84.8
2,428.7
2.1%
wood and paper industry
2,196.8
127.0
51.8
2,375.6
2.0%
sales, repair and maintenance of motor vehicles
1,966.6
135.2
55.5
2,157.3
1.9%
rental of equipment
1,979.5
67.5
11.1
2,058.1
1.8%
agriculture, forestry, fishery
1,670.5
188.4
111.2
1,970.1
1.7%
machine industry
1,452.1
179.9
47.6
1,679.6
1.4%
others
17,994.5
2,091.2
336.3
20,422.0
17.6%
Total
107,632.7
6,169.3
2,440.6
116,242.6
100%
The Bank does not identify any significant risk concentrations other than those presented in this chapter and in additional explanatory notes.
Income statement
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Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
1.3. Credit risk management process
Credit risk management is a continuous process which includes all activities of the Bank related to its credit business. All units and persons that perform tasks in the credit process closely cooperate in order to:
• improve the effectiveness of risk management, and
• maintain risks at a level compliant with the Bank's strategy, risk appetite and financial appetite and the approved RAS level.
The credit risk management process is carried out at the Bank within three lines of defence that are independent organisationally and functionally.
The Bank applies organisational solutions providing for separation of the sales functions of banking products from the risk underwriting functions at all levels of the organisational structure, including the Bank's Management Board. Separation of the functions of monitoring and controlling the risk of credit exposures (including concentration risk) from the sales functions of banking products and the risk underwriting functions is maintained below the level of the Bank's Management Board; for retail credit exposures – also at the level of the Management Board.
In case of simplified, automatic credit process paths, the separation of the sales functions of banking products from the risk underwriting functions of credit exposures relies on the independence of the development and validation process of tools supporting the process of risk underwriting from the sales and operational functions. Competences with respect to credit decisions relating to individual credit transactions are separated from decision authority on the development of credit policies and credit risk management principles.
1.4. Risk management organisational structure
Within the CRO Division (Chief Risk Officer, Vice-President of the Management Board Responsible for Risk), three areas of credit risk have been distinguished, reporting to the Directors of the Bank:
• Transactional Credit Risk, including:
− Central Credit Risk Department,
− Regional Credit Risk Department,
− Financial Institutions Credit Risk Position,
− Management Support Team.
• Credit Risk, including:
− Consumer Credit Risk Department,
− Business Credit Risk Department.
• Credit risk –Models, Data and Reporting area, including:
− Risk Model Department,
− Risk Regulation Department,
− Risk Systems Department.
In addition, the structure of the CRO Division includes the Corporate Credit Restructuring Department, the Model Validation Department, the Operational Risk Management Department, the Market Risk Management Department and the Credit Risk Inspection Department.
Each area controls and supervises the Bank's business and risk management processes assigned to them.
1.5. Principles of credit activity
The core principle that the Bank pursues in its credit activity is to comply with law and external regulations related to credit activity, for instance:
• Banking Law Act,
• Act on macro prudential supervision,
• Foreign Exchange Law,
• regulations relating to prevention to money laundering, etc.
The Bank does not enter into credit transactions and does not get involved in activities which ethical aspects raise doubts and that could cause harm to the Bank’s reputation.
The following principles are complied with in credit activity:
• The Bank acquires and maintains credit exposures in its credit portfolio that ensure security of the Bank's deposits and equity,
• The Bank acts in clients’ interests providing for their needs and potential; the Bank avoids situations as a result of which any approved financing could generate spiralling debts,
• The Bank attracts clients in compliance with the applicable regulations and requirements covering the provision of the required information, documentation, compliance with procedures,
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of financial position
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Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
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Data in PLN milion
• The Bank provides credit services effectively and professionally, respecting the interests of customers and the expectations of the Bank's shareholders regarding the increase in the value of ING Bank Śląski S.A. and taking into account the requirements resulting from the competitive environment,
• The Bank does not enter into transactions, credit exposures without learning and understanding the economic basis of transactions,
• The Bank accepts credit risk if it is able to control it effectively and – if payments are not made – the Bank is able to implement credit recovery procedures,
• The Bank does not approve exposures in which it may be exposed to reputational risk,
• The Bank takes decision concerning new types or areas of credit exposures (e.g. new markets, market segments, client groups, products) subject to prior analysis and review of new opportunities and the related risks,
• In its business relations, the Bank applies the principle of “equal rights” – it requires the same documents and information from the same clients (in terms of credit risk) and pays special attention to equal treatment,
• The Bank is involved in open communication with clients with respect to information requirements in the credit process.
• In its cooperation with business partners, the Bank complies with the following principles:
− it verifies its business partners with whom the Bank collaborates in credit distribution,
− it holds procedures of workflow between clients, business partners and the Bank,
− it holds in place quality control procedures of business partners,
− it does not grant powers of attorney or authority to take credit decisions in the name and on behalf of the Bank to grant (distribute) loans,
− it determines the acceptable risk level for each distribution channel,
− it monitors the quality of the loans granted through by its business partners.
1.6. Credit risk management
The Bank manages credit risk both at the level of credit exposure portfolio and at the level of individual transactions.
Risk management of the loan exposure portfolio
The objective of managing the credit risk of the Bank's portfolio is to ensure the development of the portfolio in accordance with the adopted strategy, while maintaining the capital ratios of the Bank at an acceptable level, resulting from regulatory requirements, established risk appetite and planned changes in the structure of own funds.
Credit risk management of the loan exposure portfolio is performed with the following:
• defining the credit risk management strategy,
• agreeing with the business party on the quality parameters and quantitative parameters of RAS/their level,
• development, implementation and monitoring of implementation of credit policies,
• analysis of the macroeconomic situation and individual sectors and generation of guidelines relating to lending directions,
• development and implementation of credit products,
• setting authority levels to approve deviations from credit policies and product exceptions,
• development and implementation of tools supporting risk measurement and assessment.
• analysis and assessment of credit processes and the scope of functional controls,
• administration of the credit exposure portfolio,
• training of staff members participating in the credit process,
• development and maintenance of an incentive system for employees, focused on compliance with internal credit standards.
Managing the credit risk profile, the Bank:
• determines, monitors and reports internal concentration limits for economic sectors, types of collateral, regions and mortgage-backed credit exposures,
• monitors and analyses the quality of accepted collateral,
Income statement
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of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
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Data in PLN milion
• monitors and reports compliance with prudential standards resulting from Regulation (EU) No. 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of June 26, 2013 on prudential requirements for credit institutions and amending Regulation (EU) No. 648/2012 and the Banking Law,
• determines, monitors and reports internal concentration limits for each sub-portfolio,
• defines changes to credit policies and product offer providing for economic cycles and changes in the property market,
• acquires market data on the quality of credit portfolios and compares them with its own credit portfolios.
Capital adequacy and recognition of impairment for expected credit losses
The Bank secures impairment of credit exposures by recognising impairment for expected credit losses. The Bank further secures fluctuating losses versus the average levels of expected losses (that is unexpected losses) by ensuring an adequate level of regulatory capital and economic capital
Risk-weighted assets and capital requirements are calculated by the Bank as follows:
• for exposures from the segment of retail clients and SE/Micro and Easy Lending clients - in accordance with the standardized approach,
• for corporate credit exposures - in accordance with the advanced method of internal ratings, excluding exposures to governments, central banks, local government units and public sector entities, for which the Bank applies the standardized approach.
Provisions for credit risk at the Bank for all credit exposures are calculated in compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards.
Credit risk management of individually significant credit exposures
Credit risk management for individually significant credit exposures covers:
• determination of the credit risk management process for transactions exposed to credit risk,
• management of documentary requirements applicable to the Bank's credit clients,
• determination of credit analysis standards,
• determination of the maximum levels of DTI, LTV and the minimum levels of clients; own contribution for specific products, transaction types,
• development of principles of approving credit decisions and management of credit approval competencies,
• management of the principles relating to:
− determination of risk measures applying risk models used at the Bank,
− verification of timely repayments,
− client economic and financial situation monitoring,
− monitoring of compliance with contractual terms and conditions by clients,
− monitoring of other defined warning signals,
− acceptance and monitoring of collateral accepted by the Bank,
− utilisation and monitoring of limits approved by the Bank.
• rules of establishing impairment allowances to credit exposures and provisions for off-balance sheet liabilities,
• management of credit risk of portfolio clients at Stage 3.
The following activities are performed as part of the process of granting and managing individually significant credit exposures:
• client and transaction risk assessment,
• approving credit decisions,
• monitoring,
• restructuring and collection.
Client and transaction risk assessment
The major elements in the assessment process of client and transaction credit risk include:
• assessment of clients’ creditworthiness
The Bank reviews clients’ creditworthiness by:
− verifying compliance with minimum criteria,
− determining clients’ rating or score in the rating or scoring process respectively.
Measurement of clients’ risk in the rating or scoring process relies on an estimated PD (probability of default). Financing may be provided to clients when a rating or a score is determined at a pre-determined minimum level for each client type, credit process or product.
Review of creditworthiness of corporate clients in the rating process is made on the basis of:
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of comprehensive income
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of financial position
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− the rating assigned to the entity applying for credit exposure, providing collateral (e.g. surety, guarantee) and other entities if so required by the nature of collateral or transaction (e.g. debtors of receivables assigned to the Bank),
− the “four-eye principle”, that is among others:
▪ commercial functions are separated from the rating approval functions that are performed by the CRO Risk Division units, or
▪ the operating principles of automatic rating models approved by the Credit Policy Committee.
Review of creditworthiness of retail clients is made on the basis of:
− scoring,
− analysis of history of repayment of obligations to the Bank and other financial institutions,
− features of the borrowers that have material impact on compliance with the existing credit obligations (quality analysis), e.g.:
▪ client's personal features: age, marital status, number of persons maintained, housing and financial status, education, employment history, form of employment, profession pursued, etc.,
▪ history of the client’s cooperation with the Bank: period of cooperation and history of account maintenance.
The Bank applies scoring models (application, behavioural models and BIK scoring) reflecting the client’s statistical risk level. The applied clients’ creditworthiness review models are subject to regular monitoring and validation to ensure good quality of the tools.
• review of creditworthiness (quantitative assessment)
Creditworthiness is reviewed by identifying the source of repayment and the amount and stability thereof throughout the lending process. This is an assessment of repayment potential by the clients of their credit exposures in the specified amounts, times and subject to terms and conditions determined by the Bank. The clients’ potential is subject to a review of clients’ creditworthiness in the rating and scoring process. The review of creditworthiness also provides for the FX risk and interest rate risk to which the debtors are exposed.
The analysis of the creditworthiness of a business client and WB (Wholesale Banking) may cover the following areas:
− clients’ shareholding structure,
− the sector of their business,
− business and investment strategy,
− market position,
− sales markets and suppliers,
− financial analysis, including financial projections,
− identification and assessment of repayment sources,
− financial position versus comparable entities in the sector,
− factors from the global, macroeconomic, regional and sectoral environment existing now and that may exert material impact in the future on the company's financial condition in the future.
The analysis of individual clients’ creditworthiness covers:
− determination of the amount and stability of the generated income (quantitative analysis),
− determination of the amount of the clients’ financial obligations (credit and non-credit),
− identification of the amount of expenditures of households.
In the assessment of creditworthiness, financial measures are used based on mathematical formulas.
• assessment of collateral
The Bank applies collateral to mitigate credit risk and the amount of losses that may be suffered when clients’ default on loan repayment. Before collateral is accepted, the Bank assesses the collateral and its value and effectiveness.
Apart from classic forms of collateral (material and personal), the Bank applies additional instruments to mitigate the risk of loss in the form of contractual conditions and clauses.
In order to calculate the capital requirement, the Bank applies the approved LGD models in which each collateral is assigned with an adequate recovery rate. Is the Bank’s policy to grant loans in amounts and subject to terms and conditions that ensure regular repayments without the need to resort to collateral.
• transactional risk assessment.
Assessing transactions, the Bank takes the following into account:
− results of the clients’ creditworthiness and credit reliability,
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of financial position
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Data in PLN milion
− compliance with credit policy,
− purpose of lending,
− adequacy of the requested product,
− other risks such as:
▪ business risks – macroeconomic, market, sectoral, seasonal risks,
▪ structural risks – transaction structure, values of LTV and LGD, client’s own contribution (if required), effectiveness of clauses, Bank’s position versus other lenders,
▪ management staff – employment history, experience, substitution risk of decision makers and succession risk,
▪ financial risks – including FX and interest rate risks,
▪ concentration risk – is the requested growth of exposure related to the utilisation of a limit set internally by the Bank,
▪ reputational risk – can cooperation with the client adversely affect the Bank's reputation.
− relation of risk level to pricing conditions, etc.
Maximum recognisable amount of collateral or guarantee
The Bank uses collateral on the following assets: financial resources (a deposit with the Bank or another bank), liquid securities, real estate, means of transport, receivables, machinery and equipment, inventories, intangible assets and other security..
The value of collateral for credit exposures in Stage 3 in the amount not exceeding the balances of individual loans as at 31 December 2022 was PLN 703.7 million compared to PLN 645.7 million at the end of 2021.
The tables present the value of collateral not exceeding the carrying amount of the related credit exposures. The presented values of collateral result from the assumptions adopted by the Bank to determine the nominal value of collateral, the general principles of which for the main types of collateral are as follows:
• The value of the collateral on the property is the lower of the two values, i.e. the value determined as a result of the verification of the property value by the Bank (not higher than the market value specified in the appraisal report or internal valuation report), less any previously incurred mortgage charges and the value of the mortgage entry in the land and mortgage register.
• The value of collateral for machines and devices is the lower of the insurance value of these items, the net book value and amounts specified in the contract for registered pledges.
• The value of the collateral for guarantees other than the parent company or another related company is the lower of two values, i.e. the amount up to which the guarantee is issued or the amount of credit exposure to which the security relates.
2022
Maximum recognisable amount of collateral or guarantee
mortgage-backed loans
other secured loans
housing loans
commercial loans
cash funds (issued debt instruments)
others
financial guarantees received
Loans and advances, of which:
48,423.4
20,216.1
102.2
4,509.3
8,795.3
other financial institutions
627.8
20.0
0.0
0.0
247.4
non-financial entities
514.3
17,948.1
99.0
4,148.4
7,640.7
households
47,281.3
2,245.1
3.2
359.3
907.2
including: loans to purchase residential properties
45,594.3
584.5
0.0
0.0
1.5
other entities (banks, budgetary sector)
0.0
2.9
0.0
1.6
0.0
2021
Maximum recognisable amount of collateral or guarantee
mortgage-backed loans
other secured loans
housing loans
commercial loans
cash funds (issued debt instruments)
others
financial guarantees received
Loans and advances, of which:
44,027.1
19,529.6
136.4
4,160.4
7,511.7
other financial institutions
0.0
0.0
20.3
203.2
461.3
non-financial entities
154.5
17,173.6
112.3
3,560.0
6,066.6
households
43,872.6
2,347.1
3.8
396.0
682.9
including: loans to purchase residential properties
41,991.6
588.2
0.0
0.0
0.4
other entities (banks, budgetary sector)
0.0
8.9
0.0
1.2
300.9
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Taking credit decisions
The authority to take credit decisions to accept risk of individual credit exposures is set by the Credit Policy Committee. If data is missing to assess risk, the application will not be approved and no decision will be taken.
Exposures for lower amounts, shorter terms, exposed to lower risk, are accepted at lower authority levels. Along with growing credit risk – that is a growth of individual or joint credit exposure, extension of the lending term, occurrence of non-standard elements in the application or deviations from the applicable internal regulations – the relevant decisions are taken at higher levels of credit authority.
Risk assessment and approval is based on expert judgment relying on the results of risk measurement made with supporting tools as specified in the credit policy and procedures. The following exceptions apply: automatic decisions approved by the IT system or semi-automatic decisions taken within simplified credit process paths.
Credit decisions are taken along with an adequate path on the basis of a comprehensive transaction risk analysis subject to transaction complexity and amount. With respect to paths with a higher automation level, the analysis of transaction list is based on clearly defined criteria, including behavioural criteria, and on an automatic calculation of the credit limit on the basis of an algorithm approved by the Credit Policy Committee.
Retail segment (mortgage and private client segment) and SE/Micro clients
Credit decisions for the regular portfolio shall be made:
• in automatic mode in accordance with specified criteria,
• in one or two person mode – by units from the Operations Division,
• on a two-person basis, in a higher-risk analysis unit, at the level of directors or management board members, for cases involving higher credit risk and non-standard cases.
Decisions for the non-performing portfolio are made in a dedicated recovery and restructuring unit.
Segment Business Clients segment excluding SE/Micro and Wholesale Banking clients)
Credit decisions for portfolios in Stage 1 and 2 (excluding automation) are taken:
• collectively by the Bank’s Credit Committee or Restructuring Committee – this applies to the largest credit exposures,
• in a two-person mode - by business units and credit risk transaction units or dedicated restructuring units,
• by one person – by the Risk Manager for small credit exposures.
Lending decisions for the business client portfolio (Easy Lending) are made according to the process path:
• automatically based on:
− verification of the defined eligibility criteria,
− verification of the client in BRNK, BIK and BIG databases,
− calculation of the EL transaction limit calculated in accordance with the algorithm approved by the NCP,
or
• expertly by the decision-maker of the crediting unit (Front Office) with appropriate credit expertise.
Credit decisions relating to the portfolio in Stage 3 are taken by two persons or by the Restructuring Committee.
Common rules
The mode of decision taking does not release any participant from their personal responsibility for the approved decisions.
Credit decision takers in the two-person approval mode are attributed individual personal credit authority with the amount subject to their knowledge and experience. Competence levels are correlated with the credit risk level. With a higher credit risk, credit decisions are taken by more experience persons. The principles of granting and revoking credit authority are separate for specific client segments. When setting an adequate level of credit authority for business clients (excluding SE & Micro clients) and Wholesale Banking, the Bank’s total exposure to the client’s group of related entities is taken into account; in case of natural persons or sole proprietorships – the authority level depends on the Bank's total exposure to the client. All transactions are underwritten in compliance with clearly defined decision rules and credit authority.
Monitoring
Monitoring applies to all credit exposures generating credit risk, including concentration risk and transactions in financial markets. The objective of monitoring is to identify early warning signals to prevent the occurrence of non- performing loans and to identify early impairment indications or evidence so that the Bank can take appropriate mitigation actions. The monitoring of approved credit exposures includes:
• history of repayments to the Bank (timely repayments),
• compliance by the client with other contractual terms and conditions,
• client’s financial and/or economic condition,
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Data in PLN milion
• application of the funding in compliance with the financing goal (if specified),
• progress of investment (in case of investment loans),
• verification of warning signals concerning the client or transaction,
• occurrence of objective impairment evidence or indications,
• periodic review of the quality and value of collateral.
Restructuring and collection
The Bank provides supports to its clients at each stage of financing. The Bank offers products suited to their needs; should delays occur in repayment, the Bank proposes flexible repayment schedules. In case of more serious problems in repayment, the Bank may offer to restructure the debt. Then, jointly with the client, the Bank sets the best form of support or a settlement.
The main objective of the actions taken in the portfolio in Stage 3 is to mitigate the risk of losses to the Bank or mitigate the volume of such losses.
The Bank applies the following strategies in the portfolio in Stage 3:
• debt restructuring – in cooperation with the client which in particular may consist in modifications to contractual terms and conditions in order to adapt debt repayment to the client’s financial potential, e.g.:
− extension of the repayment period,
− sales of assets,
− sales of a part of the borrower’s business,
− remission of a part of financial obligations.
Decisions to open restructuring are taken after a detailed review and approval by the competent decision- taking body of the Bank. After a successful restructuring process, the borrower is again subject to standard monitoring procedures of credit risk.
• debt collection – enforcement by the Bank of its receivables from the provided collateral or other property of the client or the property of other obliged third persons. The Bank may claim its receivables by initiating enforcement procedures or by participating in bankruptcy proceedings; in case of retail clients – by way of amicable collection: offering the clients voluntary repayment as a part of collection strategy.
Forbearance
Forbearance occurs when the Bank determines that the client is not able to comply with their financial obligations due to financial difficulties (identified or expected) and decides to grant forbearance.
Forbearance is identified if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
• the client is unable to meet its financial obligations under the loan agreement with the Bank due to existing or expected financial difficulties and,
• the bank grants a facility to ease the terms of the contract, which would not be granted if the customer did not have financial difficulties.
Retail exposures meeting the criteria of statutory moratoria were classified to Stage 3 with simultaneous recognition of emergency restructuring.
The tables below present the division of the loan portfolio into the performing and non-performing portfolio, specifying the exposures with the granted forbearance facility. In the quarantine class, the Bank classifies exhibitions for which facilities were applied in the past, and which are currently in the observation period before full recovery.
Income statement
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of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Split of the credit portfolio into performing or non-performing portfolios with details of exposures with forbearance
2022
Performing exposures
including forbearance
modification of terms and conditions
refinancing
quarantine
Non-performing exposures
including
forbearance
modification of terms and conditions
refinancing
overdue portfolio
impaired portfolio
Gross loan portfolio, of which:
135,632.0
2,006.8
2,006.8
0.0
2,003.6
3,016.9
1,233.1
1,230.6
2.5
688.3
1,233.1
Corporate banking, of which:
83,901.4
1,454.2
1,454.2
0.0
1,451.0
2,124.0
900.4
897.9
2.5
560.2
900.4
loans in the current account
18,458.3
177.5
177.5
0.0
176.6
577.0
173.5
173.5
0.0
108.5
173.5
term loans and advances
61,661.0
1,276.7
1,276.7
0.0
1,274.4
1,547.0
726.9
724.4
2.5
451.7
726.9
corporate and municipal debt securities
3,782.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Retail banking segment, including:
51,730.6
552.6
552.6
0.0
552.6
892.9
332.7
332.7
0.0
128.1
332.7
mortgages
43,650.7
418.7
418.7
0.0
418.7
246.0
114.4
114.4
0.0
28.8
114.4
loans in the current account
648.6
2.3
2.3
0.0
2.3
48.9
3.1
3.1
0.0
1.3
3.1
other loans and advances
7,431.3
131.6
131.6
0.0
131.6
598.0
215.2
215.2
0.0
98.0
215.2
Impairment for expected credit losses, including:
-1,077.0
-83.3
-83.3
0.0
-83.2
-1,900.6
-684.1
-683.9
-0.2
-479.9
-684.1
Corporate banking, of which:
-617.3
-59.3
-59.3
0.0
-59.2
-1,317.5
-494.2
-494.0
-0.2
-389.8
-494.2
loans in the current account
-121.1
-5.0
-5.0
0.0
-5.0
-363.0
-105.8
-105.8
0.0
-84.6
-105.8
term loans and advances
-491.5
-54.3
-54.3
0.0
-54.2
-954.5
-388.4
-388.2
-0.2
-305.2
-388.4
corporate and municipal debt securities
-4.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Retail banking segment, including:
-459.7
-24.0
-24.0
0.0
-24.0
-583.1
-189.9
-189.9
0.0
-90.1
-189.9
mortgages
-128.4
-9.1
-9.1
0.0
-9.1
-106.5
-44.5
-44.5
0.0
-15.5
-44.5
loans in the current account
-29.7
-0.2
-0.2
0.0
-0.2
-33.8
-1.7
-1.7
0.0
-0.9
-1.7
other loans and advances
-301.6
-14.7
-14.7
0.0
-14.7
-442.8
-143.7
-143.7
0.0
-73.7
-143.7
Net loan portfolio, of which:
134,555.0
1,923.5
1,923.5
0.0
1,920.4
1,116.3
549.0
546.7
2.3
208.4
549.0
Corporate banking, of which:
83,284.1
1,394.9
1,394.9
0.0
1,391.8
806.5
406.2
403.9
2.3
170.4
406.2
loans in the current account
18,337.2
172.5
172.5
0.0
171.6
214.0
67.7
67.7
0.0
23.9
67.7
term loans and advances
61,169.5
1,222.4
1,222.4
0.0
1,220.2
592.5
338.5
336.2
2.3
146.5
338.5
corporate and municipal debt securities
3,777.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Retail banking segment, including:
51,270.9
528.6
528.6
0.0
528.6
309.8
142.8
142.8
0.0
38.0
142.8
mortgages
43,522.3
409.6
409.6
0.0
409.6
139.5
69.9
69.9
0.0
13.3
69.9
loans in the current account
618.9
2.1
2.1
0.0
2.1
15.1
1.4
1.4
0.0
0.4
1.4
other loans and advances
7,129.7
116.9
116.9
0.0
116.9
155.2
71.5
71.5
0.0
24.3
71.5
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
127
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Split of the credit portfolio into performing or non-performing portfolios with details of exposures with forbearance
2021
Performing exposures
including forbearance
modification of terms and conditions
refinancing
quarantine
Non-performing exposures
including
forbearance
modyfikacja warunków
modification of terms and conditions
refinancing
quarantine
Gross loan portfolio, of which:
123,545.5
1,393.9
1,393.5
0.4
1,390.2
3,246.0
1,293.7
1,290.4
3.3
712.4
1,293.7
Corporate banking, of which:
72,460.8
1,234.4
1,234.0
0.4
1,230.7
2,263.7
922.8
919.5
3.3
617.7
922.8
loans in the current account
15,157.4
119.8
119.8
0.0
119.8
701.5
202.2
201.9
0.3
165.6
202.2
term loans and advances
53,984.8
1,114.6
1,114.2
0.4
1,110.9
1,562.2
720.6
717.6
3.0
452.1
720.6
corporate and municipal debt securities
3,318.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Retail banking segment, including:
51,084.7
159.5
159.5
0.0
159.5
982.3
370.9
370.9
0.0
94.7
370.9
mortgages
42,693.2
83.5
83.5
0.0
83.5
298.3
173.6
173.6
0.0
21.7
173.6
loans in the current account
636.7
2.5
2.5
0.0
2.5
49.2
2.8
2.8
0.0
1.1
2.8
other loans and advances
7,754.8
73.5
73.5
0.0
73.5
634.8
194.5
194.5
0.0
71.9
194.5
Impairment for expected credit losses, including:
-597.1
-49.3
-49.3
0.0
-49.0
-2,258.1
-747.0
-744.1
-2.9
-486.8
-747.0
Corporate banking, of which:
-358.1
-40.2
-40.2
0.0
-39.9
-1,559.0
-538.9
-536.0
-2.9
-414.5
-538.9
loans in the current account
-66.5
-0.9
-0.9
0.0
-0.9
-493.6
-124.3
-124.0
-0.3
-114.2
-124.3
term loans and advances
-291.3
-39.3
-39.3
0.0
-39.0
-1,065.4
-414.6
-412.0
-2.6
-300.3
-414.6
corporate and municipal debt securities
-0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Retail banking segment, including:
-239.0
-9.1
-9.1
0.0
-9.1
-699.1
-208.1
-208.1
0.0
-72.3
-208.1
mortgages
-58.6
-3.5
-3.5
0.0
-3.5
-142.0
-68.4
-68.4
0.0
-14.8
-68.4
loans in the current account
-15.2
-0.1
-0.1
0.0
-0.1
-38.8
-1.6
-1.6
0.0
-0.9
-1.6
other loans and advances
-165.2
-5.5
-5.5
0.0
-5.5
-518.3
-138.1
-138.1
0.0
-56.6
-138.1
Net loan portfolio, of which:
122,948.4
1,344.6
1,344.2
0.4
1,341.2
987.9
546.7
546.3
0.4
225.6
546.7
Corporate banking, of which:
72,102.7
1,194.2
1,193.8
0.4
1,190.8
704.7
383.9
383.5
0.4
203.2
383.9
loans in the current account
15,090.9
118.9
118.9
0.0
118.9
207.9
77.9
77.9
0.0
51.4
77.9
term loans and advances
53,693.5
1,075.3
1,074.9
0.4
1,071.9
496.8
306.0
305.6
0.4
151.8
306.0
corporate and municipal debt securities
3,318.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Retail banking segment, including:
50,845.7
150.4
150.4
0.0
150.4
283.2
162.8
162.8
0.0
22.4
162.8
mortgages
42,634.6
80.0
80.0
0.0
80.0
156.3
105.2
105.2
0.0
6.9
105.2
loans in the current account
621.5
2.4
2.4
0.0
2.4
10.4
1.2
1.2
0.0
0.2
1.2
other loans and advances
7,589.6
68.0
68.0
0.0
68.0
116.5
56.4
56.4
0.0
15.3
56.4
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
128
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Exposures with approved forbearance by risk classes
2022
2021
performing portfolio
non-performing portfolio
performing portfolio
non-performing portfolio
balance sheet
exposure
off-balance sheet
exposure
balance sheet
exposure
off-balance sheet
exposure
balance sheet
exposure
off-balance sheet
exposure
balance sheet
exposure
off-balance sheet
exposure
Corporate banking
1,454.2
72.1
900.4
12.6
1,234.4
247.0
922.8
13.2
classes corresponding to investment grade (risk classes 1 to 10)
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
classes corresponding to speculative ratings (risk classes 11 to 17)
1,154.8
41.4
0.0
0.0
928.6
228.6
0.0
0.0
classes of potentially non-performing exposures (risk classes 18-19)
299.3
30.7
0.0
0.0
305.8
18.4
0.0
0.0
classes of non-regular exposures (risk classes 20-22)
0.0
0.0
900.4
12.6
0.0
0.0
922.8
13.2
Retail banking
552.6
0.6
332.7
0.0
159.5
0.0
370.9
0.1
classes corresponding to investment grade (risk classes 1 to 10)
360.2
0.6
0.0
0.0
54.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
classes corresponding to speculative ratings (risk classes 11 to 17)
175.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
94.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
classes of potentially non-performing exposures (risk classes 18-19)
16.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
classes of non-regular exposures (risk classes 20-22)
0.0
0.0
332.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
370.9
0.1
Total (gross)
2,006.8
72.7
1,233.1
12.6
1,393.9
247.0
1,293.7
13.3
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
129
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Exposures with approved forbearance by overdue periods
2022
2021
performing portfolio
non-performing portfolio
performing portfolio
non-performing portfolio
balance sheet
exposure
off-balance sheet
exposure
balance sheet
exposure
off-balance sheet
exposure
balance sheet
exposure
off-balance sheet
exposure
balance sheet
exposure
off-balance sheet
exposure
Corporate banking
1,454.2
72.1
900.4
12.6
1,234.4
247.0
922.8
13.2
0
1,422.2
72.1
340.3
12.6
1,210.8
247.0
305.2
13.2
1-30
10.3
0.0
14.4
0.0
3.7
0.0
20.3
0.0
31-60
21.6
0.0
12.3
0.0
19.6
0.0
6.0
0.0
61-90
0.1
0.0
18.8
0.0
0.3
0.0
5.4
0.0
91-180
0.0
0.0
17.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
20.4
0.0
181-365
0.0
0.0
40.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
49.1
0.0
>365
0.0
0.0
457.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
516.4
0.0
Retail banking
552.6
0.6
332.7
0.0
159.5
0.0
370.9
0.1
0
512.5
0.6
204.6
0.0
138.3
0.0
276.1
0.1
1-30
33.3
0.0
28.6
0.0
16.5
0.0
19.7
0.0
31-60
5.9
0.0
7.2
0.0
3.8
0.0
7.9
0.0
61-90
0.9
0.0
7.1
0.0
0.9
0.0
4.9
0.0
91-120
0.0
0.0
4.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.5
0.0
121-150
0.0
0.0
5.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.3
0.0
151-180
0.0
0.0
6.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.3
0.0
>180
0.0
0.0
68.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
51.2
0.0
Total (gross)
2,006.8
72.7
1,233.1
12.6
1,393.9
247.0
1,293.7
13.3
In the income statement for 2022, the item Interest income - interest on loans and receivables to customers includes interest income on exposures with forbearance in the amount of PLN 150.8 million (PLN 59.8 million for 2021), with of which PLN 104.0 million relates to exposures in the performing portfolio and PLN 46.3 million relates to exposures in the non-performing portfolio (PLN 37.3 million and PLN 22.5 million respectively for 2021)
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
130
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
1.7. Risk management system
The risk management system is an integrated set of rules, mechanisms, and tools (including, among others, policies and procedures) concerning processes related to risks. The role of the risk management system is to permanently identify, measure or estimate and monitor the risk to which the Bank is exposed and to mitigate potential losses with adequate control mechanisms, a limit system and an adequate level of provisions as well as capitals and liquidity buffers.
The credit risk management system at the Bank is composed of the following:
• general rules governing management and mitigation of credit risk,
• RAS strategies and limits,
• policies, instructions and procedures relating to credit risk management,
• systems, tools and model relating to credit risk,
• a management reporting system that provides for risk level monitoring,
• an organisational structure that is adjusted to the size and profile of the credit risk that the Bank incurs.
The actions taken by the Bank within its risk management system may be as follows:
• risk avoidance – closing or restricting certain types of activity that generate too high risks or types of risks that may not be effectively controlled,
• risk mitigation – actions aimed at mitigating the likelihood of occurrence of disadvantageous events of mitigating the effects of such events,
• risk transfer – risk transfer in whole or in part to another entity, e.g. by insurance or securitisation of the credit portfolio,
• risk acceptance – refraining from taking the actions specified above due to economic or practical reasons, within the Bank's risk appetite.
Within its risk management system, the Bank applies its formalised:
• rules to determine the volume of undertaken risks and rules governing risk management,
• procedures aimed at risk identification, measurement, or estimation that also includes a predicable risk level in the future,
• limits that mitigate the risk and the rules of procedure if the limits have been exceeded.
Additionally, the Bank:
• applies the adopted management reporting system that provides for risk level monitoring,
• has an organisational structure in place that is adjusted to the size and profile of the risk that the Bank incurs,
• has an appropriately defined assessment and measurement process of credit risk, independent of the loan underwriting function, covering:
− an effective rating system,
− an effective process of acquiring information, including projections, used to assess expected credit losses,
− an assessment policy ensuring that the estimation of expected credit losses is made with an individual or collective method,
− an effective model validation process ensuring that the models keep generating accurate, consistent and objective projections and estimates,
− clearly formulated, formal communication and coordination of actions of all employees involved in the process of risk assessment and estimation of anticipated credit losses.
The credit risk management system existing at the Bank, including its organisational structure, organisation of the credit process, the system of internal regulations, the applied tools and models, are subject to ongoing verification and adjustment in order to ensure the implementation of the Bank’s strategy, including risk appetite. Thus, the Bank follows the objective of the adequacy of its actions relating to identification, assessment, measurement, monitoring and management of activity exposed to credit risk and to maintenance of consistency and compliance with regulatory requirements.
Credit risk management at the Bank is performed on the basis of advanced credit risk assessment models. The calculation of capital requirements for business clients (excluding SE&Micro and Easy Lending clients) and Wholesale Banking is based on the Advanced Internal Ratings Based Approach. Also with respect to its retail portfolio the Bank intends to obtain the PFSA’s approval to apply the method for the portfolios of mortgage and consumer loans. The models applied by the Bank for risk management are regularly validated and developed.
The systems and models supporting the assessment of the clients’ creditworthiness and credit reliability:
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
131
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
• from Business Clients and Wholesale Banking – are built and monitored in accordance with the requirements of the Advanced Capital Requirements Approach for credit risk and ING Group standards (excluding SE&Micro and Easy Lending clients),
• from the Business Clients Division (SE&Micro and Easy Lending clients) – are application and behavioural scoring models reflecting the statistical level of client risk, built in accordance with the requirements contained in supervisory regulations,
• from the Retail Division – are scoring models (application models, behavioural models and BIK scoring) reflecting the statistical level of client risk, built in accordance with the requirements contained in supervisory regulations.
In its assessment of credit risk, the Bank uses the following models:
• PD (Probability of Default),
• LGD (Loss given Default),
• EAD (Exposure at Default).
The models are designed in compliance with the requirements set forth in supervisory regulations and are applied inter alia to determine the volume of provisions, economic capital for credit risk for internal and external reporting requirements, reporting to the supervisory authority, to determine loan pricing and client profitability. The effectiveness of the models is reviewed on the basis of monitoring and validation processes.
Credit risk management at the Bank is performed on the basis of advanced credit risk assessment models. In the credit risk reporting process, information relating to AIRB models is included at a frequency adapted to the materiality and type of information presented and the position of the recipient. In principle, detailed information relating to the AIRB approach is presented to the senior management, in particular to:
• The Bank’s Management Board – results of monitoring of the correctness of functioning of the AIRB approach in compliance with the “Policy of Changes and Monitoring of the Internal Rating Method at ING Bank Śląski S.A.”,
• the Credit Policy Committee – results of monitoring of credit risk models, in compliance with the “Credit risk model management instruction at ING Bank Śląski S.A.” and the results of model validation in compliance with the “Risk model validation policy”.
• the Assets and Liabilities Committee (ALCO) – stress tests in accordance with the "Stress Testing Policy".
As part of the Risk Division’s quarterly report, the results of the analysis of the credit risk profile of the corporate and retail mortgage-backed exposure portfolios are presented to the Bank’s Management Board and the Risk Committee of the Supervisory Board in accordance with the model monitoring process, in particular:
• risk profiles by categories,
• migration among the categories,
• estimation of relevant parameters in individual categories,
• comparison of realised factors of default, realised LGD values, and realised credit conversion factors (CCF) with expected values.
The Bank also takes into account in its credit risk management process data on write-downs (credit provisions), which are presented in the MB Report: “Credit, Market and Non-Financial Risk Management Report”. The monthly MB Report in an abridged version is presented to the Bank’s Management Board. The quarterly MB Report in full and abridged version is presented to the Bank’s Supervisory Board.
1.8. Exposure portfolio structure
Exposures to clients by risk classes
Risk classes can be divided into four basic groups:
• a group of classes corresponding to investment grade (risk classes 1 to 10),
• a group of classes corresponding to speculative ratings (risk classes 11 to 17),
• a group of classes of potentially non-performing exposures (risk classes 18-19),
• a group of classes of non-regular exposures (risk classes 20-22).
The risk class range 1-10 corresponds to Moody’s short-term ratings of Aaa to Baa3, the risk class range 11-17 corresponds to Moody’s short-term ratings of Ba1 to Caa3 and the risk class range 18-19 to Ca to C. For ratings 20- 22, the probability of default is 100%.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
132
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2022
Exposures to corporate clients
Exposures to retail clients
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
POCI
Total
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
POCI
Total
risk rating
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
classes corresponding to investment grade (risk classes 1 to 10)
36,761.6
19,955.9
3,294.1
1,374.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
40,055.7
21,330.1
39,635.4
2,914.4
3,136.4
132.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
42,771.8
3,047.0
classes corresponding to speculative ratings (risk classes 11 to 17)
35,712.5
17,723.1
7,387.0
1,898.6
353.9
1.7
0.0
0.0
43,453.4
19,623.4
7,234.6
356.3
1,411.5
54.6
0.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
8,647.9
410.9
classes of potentially non-performing exposures (risk classes 18-19)
11.7
302.6
734.5
150.5
13.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
759.3
453.1
3.4
0.2
309.3
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
312.8
1.7
classes of non-regular exposures (risk classes 20-22)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,757.0
49.0
0.0
0.0
1,757.0
49.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
890.8
4.1
0.2
0.0
891.0
4.1
Total Gross
72,485.8
37,981.6
11,415.6
3,423.2
2,124.0
50.8
0.0
0.0
86,025.4
41,455.6
46,873.4
3,270.9
4,857.2
188.7
890.8
4.1
2.1
0.0
52,623.5
3,463.7
impairment for expected credit losses
-173.1
-11.6
-444.2
-30.3
-1,317.5
-2.7
0.0
0.0
-1,934.8
-44.6
-183.6
-27.8
-276.0
-23.6
-583.2
-11.9
0.0
0.0
-1,042.8
-63.3
Net total
72,312.7
37,970.0
10,971.4
3,392.9
806.5
48.1
0.0
0.0
84,090.6
41,411.0
46,689.8
3,243.1
4,581.2
165.1
307.6
-7.8
2.1
0.0
51,580.7
3,400.4
2021
Exposures to corporate clients
Exposures to retail clients
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
POCI
Total
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
POCI
Total
risk rating
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
classes corresponding to investment grade (risk classes 1 to 10)
35,269.3
22,830.9
158.8
151.2
2.1
0.4
0.0
0.0
35,430.2
22,982.5
41,220.8
4,816.2
128.6
130.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
41,349.4
4,946.2
classes corresponding to speculative ratings (risk classes 11 to 17)
32,664.6
16,762.5
3,691.3
1,382.8
291.7
127.3
0.0
0.0
36,647.6
18,272.6
8,556.9
529.6
915.9
45.1
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
9,474.8
574.7
classes of potentially non-performing exposures (risk classes 18-19)
14.3
91.3
662.5
122.6
11.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
687.8
213.9
6.3
0.0
256.1
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
262.6
0.8
classes of non-regular exposures (risk classes 20-22)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,957.4
49.1
1.5
0.0
1,958.9
49.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
980.2
2.8
0.0
0.0
980.2
2.8
Total Gross
67,948.2
39,684.7
4,512.6
1,656.6
2,262.2
176.8
1.5
0.0
74,724.5
41,518.1
49,784.0
5,345.8
1,300.6
175.9
980.2
2.8
2.2
0.0
52,067.0
5,524.5
impairment for expected credit losses
-153.0
-28.9
-205.2
-19.3
-1,558.9
-20.8
0.0
0.0
-1,917.1
-69.0
-103.5
-3.8
-135.5
-3.1
-699.1
-2.7
0.0
0.0
-938.1
-9.6
Net total
67,795.2
39,655.8
4,307.4
1,637.3
703.3
156.0
1.5
0.0
72,807.4
41,449.1
49,680.5
5,342.0
1,165.1
172.8
281.1
0.1
2.2
0.0
51,128.9
5,514.9
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
133
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Exposures to clients by DPD
2022
Exposures to corporate clients
Exposures to retail clients
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
POCI
Total
Stage 2
Stage 1
Stage 3
POCI
Total
number of days
past due
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
0
71,315.1
37,981.6
11,177.9
3,423.2
449.8
50.8
0.0
0.0
82,942.8
41,455.6
46,679.7
3,270.9
4,227.9
188.7
278.0
4.1
1.5
0.0
51,187.1
3,463.7
1-30
1,170.7
0.0
145.2
0.0
38.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,354.5
0.0
193.7
0.0
519.5
0.0
48.7
0.0
0.3
0.0
762.2
0.0
31-60
0.0
0.0
74.2
0.0
34.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
108.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
82.8
0.0
19.8
0.0
0.1
0.0
102.7
0.0
61-90
0.0
0.0
18.3
0.0
48.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
66.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
27.0
0.0
20.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
47.6
0.0
91-180
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
84.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
84.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
84.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
84.2
0.0
181-365
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
151.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
151.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
123.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
123.1
0.0
>365
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,316.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,316.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
316.4
0.0
0.2
0.0
316.6
0.0
Total Gross
72,485.8
37,981.6
11,415.6
3,423.2
2,124.0
50.8
0.0
0.0
86,025.4
41,455.6
46,873.4
3,270.9
4,857.2
188.7
890.8
4.1
2.1
0.0
52,623.5
3,463.7
2021
Exposures to corporate clients
Exposures to retail clients
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
POCI
Total
Stage 2
Stage 1
Stage 3
POCI
Total
number of days
past due
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
balance sheet
off-balance sheet
0
67,914.5
39,684.7
4,390.8
1,656.6
384.3
176.8
1.5
0.0
72,691.1
41,518.1
49,622.3
5,345.8
871.7
175.9
346.7
2.8
1.8
0.0
50,842.5
5,524.5
1-30
33.7
0.0
75.7
0.0
47.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
156.8
0.0
161.7
0.0
342.4
0.0
32.4
0.0
0.4
0.0
536.9
0.0
31-60
0.0
0.0
38.8
0.0
38.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
77.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
67.0
0.0
18.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
85.2
0.0
61-90
0.0
0.0
7.3
0.0
19.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
26.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
19.5
0.0
12.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
31.5
0.0
91-180
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
54.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
54.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
58.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
58.0
0.0
181-365
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
147.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
147.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
113.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
113.0
0.0
>365
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,570.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1,570.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
399.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
399.9
0.0
Total Gross
67,948.2
39,684.7
4,512.6
1,656.6
2,262.2
176.8
1.5
0.0
74,724.5
41,518.1
49,784.0
5,345.8
1,300.6
175.9
980.2
2.8
2.2
0.0
52,067.0
5,524.5
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
134
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Kredyty i inne należności wobec innych banków oraz dłużne papiery wartościowe
As at 31 December 2022, all debt securities from the portfolio of financial assets held for trading and the portfolio of investment securities were in low-risk classes with ratings from 1 to 09 (from 1 to 11 at the end of 2021). Both at the end of 2022 and at the end of 2021, all debt securities from the portfolio of investment securities were in Stage 1.
As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, approximately 99% of loans and other receivables from other banks were in low risk classes (rating 1-10), the rest in medium and high risk classes with ratings from 11 to 15 (from 11 to 14 at the end of 2021). Exposures in the amount of PLN 7,204.2 million were entirely in Stage 1 (PLN 3,158.4 million as at 31 December 2021).
The change in the level of the allowance for expected credit losses in 2022 and 2021 resulted from changes in the credit parameters of these portfolios.
III. Market risk
1.1. Introduction
The core objectives of credit risk management at ING Bank Śląski S.A. include: ensuring that awareness and understanding exists of the Bank's market risk exposure and that the exposure is adequately managed and falls within the approved limits when applicable. Market risk is defined as a potential loss that may be suffered by the Bank in connection with unfavourable changes to market prices (such as profitability curves, FX rate, prices in capital markets), market parameters (volatility of market prices, correlation between price changes) and client behaviour (e.g. loan prepayments).
1.2. Market risk management process
The Market Risk Department has normative documents that describe the department's scope, rules and responsibilities. In order to optimize the market risk management process, the Market Risk Management Policy at ING Bank Śląski S.A. was developed. It describes the bank's approach to market risk management. It defines the principles and methodology of market risk management and measurement at the Bank, as well as the general principles of process management
The document is an elaboration of the General Principles of Credit, Market and Operational Risk Management and Mitigation at ING Bank Śląski , which is approved by the bank's Supervisory Board, based on the recommendation of the Risk Committee. The policy is subject to approval by the Management Board of the Bank.
Another document is the policy describing the bank's approach to the process of defining the risk appetite in the area of market risk, liquidity and capital adequacy ( Policy for determining and monitoring risk appetite in the area of market risk, liquidity and capital adequacy ). This policy is also approved by the Bank's Management Board
The market risk management process at the Bank covers risk identification, measurement, monitoring and reporting. The Market Risk Management Department (DZRR) provides managers of the Financial Markets Area in the Wholesale Banking Division and the Center of Expertise Treasury, selected members of the Management Board and ALCO with regular risk reports. Additionally, ALCO, the Bank's Management Board and Supervisory Board are provided with periodic reports with the major measures of market risk. The approval of individual market risk limits is carried out at the level of the ALCO committee, the Bank's Management Board or the Supervisory Board, in accordance with the division of responsibilities in determining the levels of limits defined in the Policy for determining and monitoring risk appetite in the area of market risk, liquidity and capital adequacy. Employees of the Market Risk Management Department are qualified specialists and the independence of the department is assured by its separation from the risk generating units.
Market risk management in the Bank also includes the Product Control function which assures correct pricing of products of the Financial Markets in the Wholesale Banking Division and the Center of Expertise Treasury by monitoring the adequacy of pricing models and quality control of market data used to the evaluation and calculation of financial results. Decisions related to the pricing process such as: sources of market data used for valuation, calculation of adjustments concerning market pricing models (bid-offer spread and BVA), are taken by the Parameterization of Products of the Financial Markets Division, Wholesale Banking and Center of Expertise Treasury Committee.
In the period under report, the market risk profile and the risk management methods were not materially changed.
1.3. Structure of the books and methods of risk management
The Bank maintains the structure of its books relying on intentions which is translated into multiple processes, including market risk management. The book structure reflects the types of market risk that are anticipated and accepted in the Bank’s areas and of the fact that market risk should be internally transferred/mitigated. The books are grouped by an intention to maintain positions split into:
• “trading” (positions taken in order to generate benefits in a short period of time due to market price fluctuations), and
• “banking” (all other positions).
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
135
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
The overall structure of the Bank's books is as follows:
The Banking Books are split into Banking Commercial Books and Banking Books of the Centre of Expertise Treasury (CoE Treasury). The Banking Commercial Books include books of the retail and corporate divisions containing deposits and commercial loans. The risks relating to those positions are transferred to:
• banking books of the Centre of Expertise Treasury (CoE Treasury) (for interest rate risk, base and liquidity risk), and
• commercial books of the Financial Markets Area in Wholesale Banking Division (for FX risk) via internal transactions.
The process ensures that the banking commercial books do not retain any material economic market risk. However, as described in more detail further below, the short-term financial result in those books is sensitive to changes of market rates. The commercial activity of the subsidiary companies are included in the Bank's commercial books.
The Banking Books of the Centre of Expertise Treasury are books used to manage:
• the Bank’s liquidity risk as a whole, and
• interest rate risk in the banking book.
Maintenance of open positions is permissible within the approved market risk limits:
• for the banking book - NIIaR (Net Interest Income at Risk), EVE (Economic Value of Equity), NPVaR (Net Present Value at Risk),
• for the trading book – VaR (Value at Risk), Slope risk (negative impact on the result caused by an uneven shift of the yield curve), CS01 (change in the market value of a security due to an increase in the credit spread), BPV (Basis Point Value),
• CS RRaR (Credit Spread Revaluation Reserve at Risk) – the measure shows the potential impact of changing credit spreads on the level of revaluation reserve,
• IR RRaR (Interest Rate Revaluation Reserve at Risk) – the measure shows the potential impact of changing interest rates on the level of revaluation reserve.
Hedge accounting is a tool supporting the management of interest rate risk in the banking book. The developed assumptions to the hedging strategy are applied consistently with the approach to market risk management within the approved market risk limits as described above. Detailed information on the assumptions underlying each strategy in hedge accounting are described in this chapter, in item 1.10 . Hedge Accounting .
Trading Books are the books of the Financial Markets Area in Wholesale Banking Division: FX and interest rate books. The books embrace positions maintained for a short time in order:
• to be resold, or
• to obtain financial benefits on the current price fluctuations or expected within a short time,
• or positions opened for arbitration purposes.
1.4. Measurement of interest rate risk in the banking book
In its measurements of interest rate risk in its banking book, the Bank applies measures required by the European Banking Authority (EBA/GL/2018/02). The core measures are as follows:
• Net Interest Income at Risk – a measure of sensitivity of the reported results of positions recognised on an accrual basis on the basis of a set of interest rate scenarios which provide for various potential shifts of the profitability curve.
• Net Present Value at Risk – a measure of sensitivity of the economic value of interest rate positions to sudden interest rate changes on the basis of a set of interest rate scenarios which provide for various potential shifts of the profitability curve.
• net present value of discounted future flows at risk (Economic Value of Equity – EVE) – a measure of sensitivity of the economic value of interest rate positions to sudden interest rate changes.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
136
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Additionally, the Bank measures in its banking books:
• option risk – potential losses on the positions resulting from premature deposit withdrawal and/or loan prepayment,
• residual risk – a potential loss on those positions resulting from the application of non-standard pricing mechanisms that are transferred to the Centre of Expertise Treasury managing interest rate risk.
The above risks have an immaterial status (potential losses account for a very negligible proportion in historic and projected results).
Due to the fact that the positions of the Centre of Expertise Treasury are usually subject to valuation at amortised cost, the Bank monitors BPV which limits economic risk of interest rate positions. Additionally, fluctuations of the revaluation reserve are restricted with CS01, IR RRaR and CS RRa limits.
1.5. Measurement of market risk in the trading book
The VaR measured by the Bank is compliant with the best market practices. In the calculation of VaR, the Bank applies the following assumptions:
• one-day positions, 99% confidentiality level,
• 260-day observation period.
In order to reinforce risk control, in the area of FX risk books the Bank has additionally implemented the measurement and monitoring of the risk in the context of the approved limits on intra-day basis.
The Bank calculates also Stressed VaR. Stressed VaR is a measure replicating the calculation of historic simulations with an assumption that the current portfolio is used for the measurement and historic market data from a continuous 12-month period characterised with major fluctuations of market parameters that are material for the portfolio.
Every six months, a general stress-test is performed covering inter alia market risk, liquidity risk and credit risk on the basis of a regulatory scenario and scenarios developed by the Bank's economists and approved by ALCO. Additionally, on a quarterly basis a stress test i held of derivative instruments showing the impact of shock market changes on the valuation of those instruments.
1.6. Sensitivity to the currency risk in the trading book
The tables below present VaR* (PLN thousand) for 2022 and 2021:
FX area
Limit
at the end of year
Medium
Min.
Max.
2022
1,875.9
87.37
317.16
9.5
1,625.0
2021
1,839.7
359.2
225.3
6.8
969.0
*) All VaR limits and their utilisation at ING Bank Śląski S.A. are expressed in EUR. Limit levels and their utilisation were translated into PLN at NBP's daily fixing exchange rates specially for the presentation in financial statements; the “limit” column the amounts calculated at the fixing FX rates are on the last day of the year.
1.7. Sensitivity of the net interest income to interest rate risk
In order to present the sensitivity of the net interest income to changes in interest rates, the Bank analyzed the impact of the shock changes in the yield curve (compared to that of 31 December 2022) on the net interest income for 2023 compared to the baseline scenario. Taking into account the spectrum of possible changes in interest rates, the analysis was prepared on the basis of six scenarios, three for a parallel shift of the curve up and down, by 50 bp, 100 bp and 150 bp respectively, which would take place on 1 January 2023.
Impact on the net interest income (PLN million)
50 bp
100 bp
150 bp
parallel upward shift of the yield curve *
274
548
823
parallel downward shift of the yield curve*
-225
-449
-674
*) compared to the data for 31 December 2022
In the above calculations, the assumption was made, inter alia, constant level of balance sheet balances as at 31 December 2022, taking into account a number of assumptions regarding changes in the level of financing costs, which may differ from those resulting from actual business decisions.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
137
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
1.8. Sensitivity of economic results and regulatory capital to interest rate risk
The sensitivity to interest rate risk is presented below:
• sensitivity of the results to interest rate changes resulting from the banking book - the observed changes in the EVE measurement result mainly from two factors:
− changes (growth) in product volumes and
− changes to model parameters used to determine the economic value of non-maturity product portfolios.
changes to economic results with an amended curve
-2%
2%
2022
-378.6
-117.8
2021
255.5
-938.0
• sensitivity of equity to changes in interest rates resulting from debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income in the Center of Expertise Treasury portfolio:
− There were slight changes in the sensitivity of the portfolio of debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income compared to the previous year. The BPV measure of the portfolio (short position BPV) increased from PLN 75 million to PLN 117 million.
approximate change in the regulatory capital base as the curve moves
-2%
-1%
+1%
+2%
2022
234.3
117.1
-117.1
-234.3
2021
148.9
74.5
-74.5
-148.9
1.9. The impact of the benchmark rate reform
Interbank offered rates (IBORs), such as WIBOR and EURIBOR, are widely used as benchmarks to set interest rates across a broad range of financial products and contracts. In line with recommendations from the Financial Stability Board, regulators have undertaken a fundamental review and reform of the major interest rates benchmarks. This review and the reform have been already implemented across several major currencies.
As of 31 december 2022, the Bank was exposed to two significant interest rate benchmarks that are expected to be discontinued:
• USD LIBOR, which is expected to be discontinued after 30 June 2023 and is replaced by SARON; and,
• WIBOR, which is expected to be discontinued after 31 December 2024 and is replaced by WIRON.
These changes in the reference rate affect the Bank, its customers and the financial industry as a whole and expose the Bank to risks. These risks include legal, operational risk and financial risk. Legal risks are related to any required changes to documentation for new and existing transactions. Operational risks due to the requirement to adapt IT systems, trade reporting infrastructure and operational processes to the new benchmark rates. Financial risks (predominantly limited to interest rate risk) as a consequence of changes in the valuation of financial instruments linked to such benchmarks and declining liquidity may impact a contract directly or the ability to hedge the risks in that contract. Changes in valuation, interest calculation methodology or documentation may also result in customer complaints or litigation.
To mitigate these risks, the Bank established an IBOR programme. This programme has an extensive governance in place, with progress being tracked by a steering committee. The programme assesses and coordinates the actions necessary to manage the required changes to internal processes and systems, including pricing, risk management, legal documentation and the impact on customers. The Bank continues to monitor market developments, and the outcome of several remaining uncertainties such as the availability of term rates and any regulatory standards governing the transitions, to anticipate the impact on the programme, customers and related risks.
USD LIBOR
During 2022, the Bank to continued amending terms of contracts that reference USD LIBOR.
The Bank applied the IFRS 9 IBOR Phase 2 amendments to account for the changes in the contractual terms of the financial instruments for the purpose of implementing the reform of USD LIBOR. The IFRS 9 Phase 2 amendments allow the Bank to not recognise modification gains and losses on debt instruments whose contractual terms were amended if those modifications are necessary to implement the IBOR Reform and that the new basis for calculating
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
138
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
cash flows is ‘economically equivalent’ to the previous basis. Instead, the changes to debt instruments resulting from IBOR Reform are treated as a reset to the instrument’s variable interest rate and changes the instrument’s effective interest rate. The Bank applied the Phase 2 amendments to all changes in the contractual terms of the financial instruments that reference USD LIBOR. As a result, the Bank did not recognize material modification gains and losses for these changes.
WIBOR
The possibility to replace WIBOR was incorporated in Polish law through the Act of 7 July 2022 on crowdfunding for business ventures and assistance to borrowers (Ustawa z dnia 7 lipca 2022 r.o finansowaniu społecznościowym dla przedsięwzięć gospodarczych i pomocy kredytobiorcom). In response, a national working group was established under the leadership of the Polish banking supervisor (KNF) with representatives of the National Bank of Poland, the Ministry of Finance, the Bank Guarantee Fund, the Polish Development Fund, the benchmark administrator and the banking sector. In September 2022 the national working group issued a roadmap to replace WIBOR with a new rate called the Warsaw Interest Rate Overnight (WIRON). The roadmap forsees a replacement of WIBOR in 2025.
The planned replacement of WIBOR results in uncertainty in WIBOR cash flows designated in macro cash flow hedge accounting relationships and WIBOR assets designated in fair value hedge accounting relationships. As a result, the Bank applied the IAS 39 Phase 1 amendments. The IAS 39 Phase 1 amendments describe that in determining whether a forecast transaction and in assessing hedge effectiveness, it must be assumed that the interest rate benchmark on which the hedged cash flows are based is not altered as a result of the reform. Therefore, for the affected fair value and cash flow hedge relationships the Bank assumes that the WIBOR based cash flows from the hedging instruments and hedged items will remain unaffected. The same assumption is used to assess the likelihood of occurrence of the forecast transactions that are subject to cash flow hedges. As a result, the Bank continued the hedge accounting relationships. The IAS 39 Phase 1 amendments cease to apply when uncertainty arising from WIBOR replacement is no longer present with respect to the timing and amount of the WIBOR-based cash flows of the relevant instruments. The table below presents the notional amount of hedging instruments that are referencing WIBOR.
The Bank has not started to amend contractual provisions of financial instruments in anticipation of the discontinuation of WIBOR.
net nominal value of the position on the hedging instrument
2022
2021
Assets
Liabilities
Assets
Liabilities
Cash flow hedges
87,728.0
31,206.7
92,322.7
24,087.7
Fair value hedges
812.0
-
4,452.0
-
Structure of financial assets and liabilities according to reference rates
As at 31 December 2022, the following financial instruments refer to the reference rate, which is planned to be discontinued and is significant for the Bank. Non-derivative financial assets and liabilities are presented at gross carrying amount, off-balance sheet items are presented at the commitment amount and derivatives are presented at nominal value.
Instruments referencing WIBOR
2022
2021
with maturity date after 31 Dec 2022
with maturity date after 31 Dec 2024
with maturity date after 31 Dec 2022
with maturity date after 31 Dec 2024
Non-derivative financial assets
131,405.9
115,389.1
118,476.9
104,858.0
Non-derivative financial liabilities
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
Derivatives
958,446.8
454,755.9
619,237.2
361,571.8
Off-balance sheet items
8,647.1
3,089.8
7,043.5
5,861.8
Instruments referencing USD LIBOR
2022
2021
with maturity date after 31 Dec 2022
with maturity date after 30 Jun 2023
with maturity date after 31 Dec 2022
with maturity date after 30 Jun 2023
Non-derivative financial assets
246.6
214.8
362.7
341.7
Non-derivative financial liabilities
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
Derivatives
2,131.7
2,018.5
2,337.0
2,202.2
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
139
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
1.10. Hedge accounting
Fair Value Hedge accounting
In fair value hedge accounting, the risk is equivalent to change in the fair value of a financial asset as a result of changes to interest rates. The hedge covers the fair value of debt instruments with a fixed interest rate that is a position (a part of position) in a security that is classified to a portfolio of assets kept to collect contractual cash flows or for sale (hereinafter: HTC&S) which at the time a hedge relationship is established holds a specific fair value recognised in other comprehensive income and a position (a part of position) in a security classified to a portfolio of financial assets kept to collect contractual cash flows (hereinafter: HTC).
For the needs of the strategy, the recognition of a part change to the fair value due to the hedged risk is made on the basis of valuation models relying on assumptions that are similar to those applicable to valuation models of interest rate derivative instruments. The valuation curves applied in the model are designed on the basis of market rates corresponding to repricing tenors of variable interest rates of hedging instruments.
Interest Rate Swap, swapping fixed interest rate into variable interest rate is the hedging instrument. The above shows that changes to the fair value of the hedging instrument manifest a trend that is opposite to changes of the fair value of the hedged position. In this connection, as a result of the established hedge relationship, the profit and loss account contains a compensating effect of changes to the fair value of the hedging instrument and the hedged position due to the hedged risk. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the strategy, the Bank carries out:
• prospective effectiveness test:
− qualitative based on the maturity of the hedged item and the hedging instrument, and
− quantitative based on the BPV (basis point value) ratio of the hedged item and a hedging instrument,
• retrospective effectiveness test as the quotient of changes in the hedging instrument measurement and changes in the measurement of the hedged item due to the risk being hedged.
The sources of ineffectiveness of strategies that is manifested in the profit and loss account, may result from:
• differences in the timing of cash flows of the hedged positions versus the timing of cash flows under derivative hedging instruments,
• mismatch resulting from the use of various valuation curves (that is: interest rate derivative instruments are valued on the basis of valuation curves developed on the basis of daily hedges of valuation exposures – OIS discounting),
• changes to credit risk constituting a valuation component to fair value of the hedged position from the HTC&S portfolio,
• adjustments to valuation of hedging instruments due to pre-settlement credit risk (bilateral value adjustment); however, those do not have material impact on the presented values due to the fact that only interbank market transactions were designated as hedging instruments and that are additionally hedged with a deposit margin placed or received respectively, depending on the exposure type, as well as transactions forwarded for settlement on a daily basis via the Central Counterparty,
• component of the valuation of hedging instruments due to settlement of the price aligment amout resulting from “settled to marked” approach to settlement via the Central Counterparty.
Since hedging covers only one type of risk (interest rate risk), changes to the fair value of the hedged position classified as HTC&S resulting from other unhedged risks are recognised as other comprehensive income.
From the viewpoint of economic relationships, the Bank’s existing hedging strategies contain two types of hedge relationships:
• hedge of the fair value of securities in PLN with a fixed interest coupon classified as HTC&S with IRS transactions “pay fixed, collect variable”, denominated in PLN,
• hedge of the fair value of securities in EUR with a fixed interest coupon classified as HTC with IRS transactions “pay fixed, collect variable”, denominated in EUR.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
140
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
The tables below present the fair values and nominal values of hedging and hedged instruments in fair value hedge accounting.
2022
fair value
nominal value of instruments with remaining maturity
item in the statement of
of financial position – number of note
Assets
Liabilities
unrealised valuation result
cumulative valuation adjustment
due to the hedged risk ka
cumulative part of valuation of unsecured risks recognised in other comprehensive income*
3 to 8 years
over 8 years
Total
Instruments hedging fair value of securities, of which:
Derivative hedge instruments
-
2.3
254.1
-
-
812.0
1,449.2
2,261.2
settled via CCP
-
0.8
254.1
-
-
812.0
1,449.2
2,261.2
Interest rate swaps (IRS PLN) fixed – float
-
2.3
92.7
-
-
812.0
-
812.0
Interest rate swaps (IRS EUR) fixed – float
-
-
161.5
-
-
0.0
1,449.2
1,449.2
Hedged instruments, of which:
2,013.5
-
-350.3
264.7
-615.0
812.0
1,449.2
2,261.2
Investment securities measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, including:
Investment securities
2,013.5
-
-350.3
264.7
-615.0
812.0
1,449.2
2,261.2
State Treasury bonds
Note 19
870.1
-
-164.1
115.0
-279.1
-
933.3
933.3
European Investment Bank bonds
Note 19
1,143.4
-
-186.2
149.7
-335.9
812.0
515.9
1,327.9
*) presented in the comprehensive income statement in the position: debt securities measured at fair value via other comprehensive income – gains/losses on revaluation carried through equity
In its recognition of interest rate derivative instruments IRS/FRA, the Bank applies the settled to market service, as specified in the regulations of Central Counterparties/CCP with which the Bank cooperates. See note 17 . Valuation of derivatives for further information.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
141
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
2021
fair value
nominal value of instruments with remaining maturity
item in the statement of
of financial position – number of note
Assets
Liabilities
unrealised valuation result
cumulative valuation adjustment
due to the hedged risk ka
cumulative part of valuation of unsecured risks recognised in other comprehensive income
under 1 year
3 to 8 years
Total
Instruments hedging fair value of securities, of which:
Derivative hedge instruments
0.1
16.8
359.6
-
-
299.0
4,452.0
4,751.0
settled via CCP
0.1
-
360.3
-
-
0.0
4,452.0
4,452.0
Interest rate swaps (IRS PLN) fixed – float
0.1
3.4
360.3
-
-
0.0
4,452.0
4,452.0
Interest rate swaps (IRS EUR) fixed – float
-
13.4
-0.7
-
-
299.0
0.0
299.0
Hedged instruments, of which:
4,602.4
0.0
-423.1
-386.8
-35.6
0.0
4,452.0
4,751.0
Investment securities measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, including:
Investment securities
4,290.3
-
-423.1
-387.5
-35.6
0.0
4,452.0
4,452.0
State Treasury bonds
Note 19
3,514.2
-
-377.3
-350.5
-26.8
-
3,640.0
3,640.0
European Investment Bank bonds
Note 19
776.1
-
-45.8
-37.0
-8.8
-
812.0
812.0
Investment securities measure at amortised cost, including:
Investment securities
312.1
-
-
0.7
-
-
-
299.0
State Treasury bonds in EUR
Note 19
312.1
-
-
0.7
-
299.0
-
299.0
Instruments for which the hedging relationship was cancelled, of which:
Investment securities measure at amortised cost, including:
Investment securities
576.9
-
-
1.3
-
551.9
-
551.9
State Treasury bonds in EUR
Note 19
576.9
-
-
1.3
-
551.9
-
551.9
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
142
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Time distribution profile of nominal amounts and the corresponding average interest rates of hedging instruments
2022
nominal value of instruments with remaining maturity
3 to 8 years
over 8 years
nominal (PLN)
average %
nominal (PLN)
average %
fixed %
2.69%
-
Interest rate swaps (IRS PLN) fixed – float
variable %
812.0
7.30%
-
-
fixed %
-
1.75%
Interest rate swaps (IRS EUR) fixed – float
variable %
-
-
1,449.2
2.33%
2021
nominal value of instruments with remaining maturity
under 1 year
3 to 8 years
nominal (PLN)
average %
nominal (PLN)
average %
fixed %
-
1.93%
Interest rate swaps (IRS PLN) fixed – float
variable %
-
-
4,452.0
0.42%
fixed %
4.03%
-
Interest rate swaps (IRS EUR) fixed – float
variable %
299.0
-0.55%
-
-
Net interest on derivative hedging instruments is disclosed as interest on securities measured at amortised cost and interest on securities measured through other comprehensive income which presents net interest of positions hedged within the described strategy.
Measurements of hedging instruments including component due to the settlement of the price alignment amount and hedged transactions are presented in the Bank’s income statement as Net (loss)/income on hedge accounting in note 6 .
The split of the result of measurements of hedging and hedged transaction into individual hedging strategies is presented in the table below.
2022
2021
changes to fair value used to review the effectiveness of the strategy
changes to fair value used to review the effectiveness of the strategy
Type of economic relation
hedged position
hedging instrument
ineffective part of the hedging relationship recognised in P&L
hedged position
hedging instrument
ineffective part of the hedging relationship recognised in P&L
Hedging of debt securities in PLN
-357.0
331.3
-25.7
-1,075.8
1,019.7
-56.1
Hedging of debt securities in EUR
-170.5
160.8
-9.7
-14.5
14.6
0.1
Total
-527.6
492.2
-35.4
-1,090.3
1,034.3
-56.0
Cash flow hedge accounting
The Bank applies hedge accounting principles for cash flows to a specified portfolio of assets / liabilities / highly probable planned financial transactions of the Bank (e.g. extrapolations of financial flows resulting from renewable deposits / overdraft facilities). The applied hedging strategies are aimed at hedging the Bank’s exposures against the risk of changes to future cash flows resulting from interest rate risk.
The hedge applies to a specified portfolio of financial assets and/or liabilities or a portfolio of planned transactions that cover variable interest rate financial instruments (financial products based on WIBOR/ EURIBOR) and thus that are exposed to the risk of changes to future cash flows due to changes to market rates – WIBOR/EURIBOR.
For its strategy relating to calculations of changes to the fair value of future cash flows in the hedged portfolio, the Bank applies the method of a “hypothetical derivative” (being a method which provides for a possibility to reflect the hedged position and nature of the hedged risk in the form of a derivative instrument). The valuation principles are similar to the valuation principles of interest rate derivative instruments. Strategy effectiveness research also includes:
• prospective high-probability test of future cash flows,
• retrospective high-probability test of future cash flows confirming, on the basis of actual values, that the adopted model works correctly,
• retrospective test of homogeneity of the portfolio of the hedged item based on statistical analysis (regression method).
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
143
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
The sources of ineffectiveness of strategies that is manifested in the profit and loss account, may result from:
• differences in the timing of cash flows of the hedged positions versus the timing of cash flows under derivative hedging instruments,
• mismatch resulting from the use of various valuation curves of the hedging instrument and the hypothetical derivative into PLN denominated positions (that is: interest rate derivative hedging instruments are valued on the basis of valuation curves developed on the basis of daily hedges of valuation exposures – OIS discounting),
• adjustments to valuation of hedging instruments due to pre-settlement credit risk (bilateral value adjustment); however, those do not have material impact on the presented values due to the fact that only interbank market transactions were designated as hedging instruments and that are additionally hedged with a deposit margin placed or received respectively, depending on the exposure type.
From the viewpoint of economic relationships, the Bank’s existing hedging strategies contain the following types of hedge relationships:
• the hedging instrument for active positions in the interest rate risk hedging strategy is the position on the Interest Rate Swap of the "pay floating, receive the fixed" type, while the
• hedging instrument hedging the liability is the position on the Interest Rate Swap of the "pay fixed, receive variable".
Due to the fact that the hedged position covered with specific strategies keeps affecting the profit and loss account) (by measurement at amortised cost), net interest of the derivative instruments hedging the portfolio:
• of financial assets is presented as interest on loans and other receivables granted to customers, measured at amortised cost,
• of financial liabilities is presented as interest on liabilities to customers.
The tables below present the fair values and nominal values of hedged instruments in cash flow hedge accounting. Notional amounts of the derivatives were presented in the amounts purchased.
2022
fair value
nominal value of instruments with remaining maturity
Assets
Liabilities
under
1 year
1 to 3
years
3 to 8
years
over
8 years
Total
Cash flow hedges, of which:
139.2
367.2
32,709.6
109,455.0
159,760.0
20,977.3
322,901.9
settled via CCP
64.0
65.6
30,706.2
101,067.2
159,760.0
20,977.3
312,510.7
Interest rate swaps (IRS PLN) fixed – float
65.6
279.8
31,123.5
91,138.6
131,217.3
16,137.3
269,616.7
Interest rate swaps (IRS EUR) fixed – float
73.6
87.4
1,586.1
18,316.4
28,542.7
4,840.0
53,285.2
2021
fair value
nominal value of instruments with remaining maturity
Assets
Liabilities
under
1 year
1 to 3
years
3 to 8
years
over
8 years
Total
Cash flow hedges, of which:
250.3
218.6
32,625.3
63,656.4
119,984.2
25,811.1
242,077.0
settled via CCP
28.9
31.6
31,310.3
54,132.3
119,200.2
25,811.1
230,453.9
Interest rate swaps (IRS PLN) fixed – float
142.1
114.3
28,932.0
55,395.0
98,806.3
22,366.1
205,499.4
Interest rate swaps (IRS EUR) fixed – float
108.2
104.3
3,693.3
8,261.4
21,177.9
3,445.0
36,577.6
As at 31 December 2022, the amount of PLN -7,751.9 million (net of tax) related to the effective part of the hedging relationship in cash flow hedge accounting was recorded in other comprehensive income (PLN -2,994.5 million as at 31 December 2021). The ineffective part of the hedging relationship resulting from the mismatch in offsetting changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument and the hedged item recognized in the income statement in 2022 amounted to PLN -4.0 million compared to PLN 3.4 million in 2021.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
144
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Impact of the application of cash flow hedge accounting on profit and loss account and other comprehensive income
2022
fair value
changes to fair value of hedging instruments used to review the effectiveness of the strategy
amount reclassified from other comprehensive income
Assets
Liabilities
unrealised result on
revaluation recognised in the period*
the effective part of the hedge recognised in other comprehensive income in the period**
the ineffective part of the hedging relationship recognised in the profit and loss account***
resulting interest income
from existing hedging relationships
amortization of the result of the completed strategy
security
Cash flow hedges, of which:
139.2
367.2
-5,875.5
5,871.5
-4.0
-1,375.8
1.9
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial assets in PLN
34.1
263.3
-6,584.3
6,546.9
-37.4
-2,176.8
-
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial assets in EUR
23.5
47.5
-756.5
756.5
0.0
28.1
-
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial liabilities in PLN
31.5
16.5
1,314.4
-1,281.0
33.4
788.9
-
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial liabilities in EUR
50.1
39.9
150.9
-150.9
0.0
-16.0
0.8
CIRS CHF/PLN resulting from decomposition of an actual CIRS transaction, hedging the portfolio of financial assets in CHF
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.3
CIRS EUR/PLN resulting from decomposition of an actual transaction, hedging the portfolio of financial assets in EUR
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.8
*) disclosed in the statement of financial position as Derivative hedge instruments
**) disclosed in the statement of financial position as Accumulated other comprehensive income and in note 33.2 . (the amount in the table does not include tax)
***) disclosed in the profit and loss account in the dedicated line item Net (loss)/income on hedge accounting and in note 6 .
2021
fair value
changes to fair value of hedging instruments used to review the effectiveness of the strategy
amount reclassified from other comprehensive income
Assets
Liabilities
unrealised result on
revaluation recognised in the period
the effective part of the hedge recognised in other comprehensive income in the period
the ineffective part of the hedging relationship recognised in the profit and loss account
resulting interest income
from existing hedging relationships
amortization of the result of the completed strategy
security
Cash flow hedges, of which:
250.3
218.6
-7,987.9
7,991.3
3.4
1,094.1
1.8
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial assets in PLN
138.8
59.3
-11,028.8
11,034.4
5.6
1,406.1
-
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial assets in EUR
36.7
9.5
-144.0
144.9
0.9
51.7
-
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial liabilities in PLN
3.3
55.0
3,154.3
-3,157.1
-2.8
-351.0
-
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial liabilities in EUR
71.5
94.8
30.6
-30.9
-0.3
-12.7
0.8
CIRS CHF/PLN resulting from decomposition of an actual CIRS transaction, hedging the portfolio of financial assets in CHF
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.2
CIRS EUR/PLN resulting from decomposition of an actual transaction, hedging the portfolio of financial assets in EUR
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.8
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
145
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
Time distribution profile of nominal amounts and the corresponding average interest rates of hedging instruments
2022
notional value of the position on the hedging instrument with a remaining maturity
up to 1 year
1 to 3 years
3 to 8 years
over 8 years
nominal (PLN)
average %
nominal (PLN)
average %
nominal (PLN)
average %
nominal (PLN)
average %
fixed %
2.83%
2.45%
2.96%
4.03%
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial assets in PLN
variable %
12,610.5
7.37%
27,531.8
7.39%
40,192.4
7.40%
7,393.3
7.42%
fixed %
1.66%
2.09%
4.66%
5.22%
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial liabilities in PLN
variable %
-4,038.0
7.43%
12,156.8
7.38%
17,605.9
7.42%
5,482.0
7.55%
fixed %
0.74%
0.47%
0.30%
0.87%
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial assets in EUR
variable %
85.4
1.70%
3,998.1
1.71%
3,390.8
1.75%
450.2
1.83%
fixed %
-
1.03%
0.45%
1.59%
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial liabilities in EUR
variable %
-
-
-65.7
1.20%
220.4
1.34%
919.2
1.67%
2021
notional value of the position on the hedging instrument with a remaining maturity
up to 1 year
1 to 3 years
3 to 8 years
over 8 years
nominal (PLN)
average %
nominal (PLN)
average %
nominal (PLN)
average %
nominal (PLN)
average %
fixed %
2.19%
2.48%
1.99%
1.46%
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial assets in PLN
variable %
7,668.0
1.07%
20,901.0
0.95%
49,769.0
0.95%
13,984.7
1.03%
fixed %
2.35%
1.55%
1.26%
2.12%
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial liabilities in PLN
variable %
874.0
1.00%
3,665.0
1.09%
13,509.3
0.87%
6,039.4
0.95%
fixed %
0.18%
0.48%
0.07%
-0.10%
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial assets in EUR
variable %
-1,352.2
-0.58%
695.4
-0.57%
2,361.8
-0.58%
1,780.0
-0.57%
fixed %
0.17%
1.12%
0.36%
0.07%
Interest rate swaps (IRS) hedging the portfolio of financial liabilities in EUR
variable %
41.4
-0.53%
-133.4
-0.53%
579.5
-0.53%
239.2
-0.54%
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
146
|
ING Bank Śląski S.A.
|
Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
|
Data in PLN milion
The periods in which the Bank expects the hedged cash flows in cash flow hedge accounting and thus which will affect the financial profit are presented below.
2022
cash flows in PLN (PLN million)
cash flows in EUR (EUR million)
inflows (assets)
outflows (liabilities)
net cash flows
inflows (assets)
outflows (liabilities)
net cash flows
up to 1 year
5,875.1
-2,360.8
3,514.3
53.3
-7.0
46.3
1-3 years
7,495.0
-3,625.7
3,869.3
90.2
-14.4
75.8
3-8 years
7,446.4
-4,850.3
2,596.1
44.1
-32.6
11.5
over 8 years
420.0
-323.0
97.0
4.8
-5.8
-1.0
2021
cash flows in PLN (PLN million)
cash flows in EUR (EUR million)
inflows (assets)
outflows (liabilities)
net cash flows
inflows (assets)
outflows (liabilities)
net cash flows
up to 1 year
2,987.3
-766.5
2,220.8
-3.9
0.7
-3.2
1-3 years
5,867.2
-1,818.2
4,049.0
-0.8
0.0
-0.8
3-8 years
6,460.2
-1,609.9
4,850.3
11.0
-2.3
8.7
over 8 years
422.4
-185.3
237.1
2.2
-0.5
1.7
Impact of the reform of key interest rate benchmarks on the Bank's hedging strategies
Bank applies fair value and cash flow hedge accounting in accordance with IAS 39, and interest rate and foreign currency risks are designated as hedged risks in various micro and macro models. The hedged exposures are mainly loan portfolios, purchased debt securities and savings/deposits.
Bank applied the amendments to IAS 39 issued in September 2019 to hedging relationships that are based on WIBOR due to the work alreardy undertaken on the reform of this benchmark, inaccordance with the disclosures in the note III. 1.9 . The impact of the benchmark rate reform. Therefore the Bank assumes that the WIBOR based cash flows from the hedging instruments and hedged items will remain unaffected and thereby continue the hedge accounting relationships in unchanged scope.
In terms of the hedge accounting relationships that based on EURIBOR aforementioned amendments to IAS 39 are not applied because this ratee have already been reformed and publication of this benchmark will be continued. Therefore impact of the IBOR reform on hedge accounting relationships is very limited.
IV. Liquidity and funding risk
1.1. Introduction
ING Bank Śląski S.A. recognises the process of stable management of liquidity and funding risk as a major process at the Bank.
Liquidity and funding risk is understood by the Bank as the risk of the lack of ability to perform financial liabilities under on- and off-balance sheet items at reasonable prices. The Bank maintains liquidity so that the Bank's financial liabilities can always be repaid with the available funds, inflows from maturing transactions, available funding sources at market prices and/or liquidation of negotiable assets.
1.2. Liquidity and funding risk management process
In order to optimise the liquidity and funding risk management process, the Bank has developed the Liquidity and Funding Risk Management Policy at ING Bank Śląski S.A. which sets forth the principles ensuring adequate funding sources and mitigation of risks and costs related to funding. The Policy describes a general approach to the liquidity and funding risk management process in the Bank. The core objective of the liquidity and funding risk management process is to maintain an adequate liquidity level to ensure secure and stable operation of the Bank in normal market conditions and in crisis. Supplementing the Liquidity and Funding Risk Management Policy at ING Bank Śląski S.A. is the Contingency Financing Plan Manual, which defines the organization and activities aimed at eliminating liquidity shortages in stressed conditions.
The Policy was developed on the basis of the market management strategy in business, approved by the Supervisory Board (including the liquidity and funding risk management strategy). In particular, it reflects the risk appetite specified in the strategy and approved by the Supervisory Board.
The acceptable level of liquidity and funding risk is defined by a multi-element system. This approach is consistent with the approach described in the Policy for determining and monitoring risk appetite in the area of market risk, liquidity and capital adequacy.
Additionally, the Bank prepares a report on the ILAAP process. In a comprehensive and consistent manner, it presents the core indicators and numbers relating to the Bank's liquidity risk profile. It provides for the strategy, funding plan and risk tolerance by the Bank. The results of the report are approved by the Management Board which informs the Supervisory Board of the results.
The general approach to liquidity and funding risk management is composed of five recurring activities: 1) risk identification, 2) risk assessment, 3) risk control, 4) monitoring, and 5) reporting.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
• Risk identification and assessment. Risk identification is performed on an annual basis by organising risk
identification workshops. Each identified risk is assessed in order to determine its materiality for the Bank. Risk identification is also performed when new products are launched. Risk valuation and its materiality are assessed in terms of likelihood of risk occurrence and the financial effects should such risk materialise.
• Control. Risks are controlled with actions that mitigate the likelihood or risk occurrence or with actions that
mitigate the effects should such risk materialise. Important elements of risk management include ongoing verification if the implemented controls are performed. Definition of acceptable risk levels is an element of risk control. Regular inspection should evidence that risk control actions are effective. Adequate reporting is a major element of the liquidity and funding risk management process which provides the managers with information required for risk management.
• Monitoring and reporting. Risk monitoring serves three important objectives: ongoing verification if the
implemented risk control is performed; if risk control actions are effective. Such actions support their confidence which is a major element in banking. Well organized and designed regular inspections and monitoring are essential for good risk management. Appropriate reporting provides managers with the information they need to manage risk.
In accordance with Recommendation S, the Bank makes a detailed analysis of long-term liquidity with focus on mortgage loans. The above liquidity analysis shows risk levels related to long-term funding of mortgage loans.
The Bank pursues an active policy of liquidity management with reference to core currencies. For those currencies, liquidity risk measurement and limitation is made per currency and the management of operational liquidity is performed separately for each currency and it is incorporated in the risk transfer system.
Intraday liquidity is actively managed by the Centre of Expertise Treasury. The process manages the position and risk of short-term liquidity (one day and intraday). The objective is to comply with payment and settlement duties in a timely manner in regular operations and in extraordinary/stress situations.
The Bank operates a risk transfer system within which market risks, including liquidity risk, are transferred to the Centre of Expertise Treasury. Applying adequate tools, it manages the risks in a centralised manner within the limit system applied by the Bank.
The liquidity risk management procedures adopted at the Bank are presented annually to the relevant bank employees involved in the bank's liquidity management process. Persons involved in the bank's liquidity management process confirm that they have familiarized themselves with and understand the procedures used and control the correctness of their implementation.
1.3. Risk types
The Bank splits liquidity risk into two groups:
• liquidity risk resulting from external factors, and
• risk of internal factors relating to the specific bank.
The Bank's goal is a conservative approach to liquidity risk management that will allow safely survive events specific for ING Bank Śląski S.A. and for the entire banking sector.
In terms of time horizon, the Bank splits liquidity risk into:
• operational – focused on current funding of the Bank’s position and on managing intraday liquidity,
• strategic – focused on ensuring that the Bank's structural liquidity positions are at an acceptable level.
Considering the tenor and clients’ behaviour (the two aspects affecting the Bank’s liquidity), the Bank identifies three types of liquidity and funding risk:
• structural – understood as a potentially adverse impact on the Bank's revenues due to a mismatch between the anticipated maturities of the Bank's assets and liabilities as well as the risk of no re-financing possibilities in the future,
• related to clients’ behaviour – understood as a potentially adverse impact on the Bank's revenues due to the embedded liquidity options in the products offered by the Bank,
• related to stress conditions – understood as a risk of lack of possibility by the Bank to comply with its financial obligations when due to insufficient available funds or when the generation of such funds is impossible at any price which results in immediate insolvency of the Bank.
1.4. Structure and organisation of the risk management process
The structure of risk and control at the Bank is based on a model of three lines of defence.
The Bank's Management Board and the Asset and Liability Committee (ALCO) play a specific role in liquidity and funding risk management.
The Supervisory Board is responsible for:
• approving the liquidity risk tolerance, the overall accepted level of liquidity and funding risk (in HL RAS) presented to the Supervisory Board by the Management Board.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
The Bank's Management Board is responsible for:
• designing a strategy related to liquidity and funding risk, the target liquidity position, the relevant funding methods and liquidity risk profile,
• determination of an acceptable risk level (risk appetite) and submission thereof to the Supervisory Board for approval,
• acceptance of changes to the limits of liquidity and funding risk (in MB RAS),
• acceptance of a liquidity and funding risk management policy and major modifications thereto, in particular limits adequate to the general level of acceptable risk approved by the Supervisory Board,
• ensuring the allocation of adequate human resources and ITC resources in the Bank to implement the policy.
• approving the levels of liquidity bonuses based on the level advised by the Centre of Expertise Treasury resulting from the liquidity premium review and / or adjusts it when deemed necessary due to strategic changes in the balance sheet or other factors.
The Asset and Liability Committee (ALCO) is responsible for:
• implementation of the Bank's strategy with respect to liquidity and funding risk,
• management of a liquidity buffer within the relevant policies and limits approved by the Bank's Management Board, the related operational actions are delegated to the Centre of Expertise Treasury,
• supervision and monitoring of liquidity risk levels as well as the funding structure in the Bank's balance sheet,
• monthly analysis of the short-, medium- and long-term liquidity profile (strategic liquidity positions) presented in reports defined by the regulator and internal reports, in the event of identified structural problems (e.g. the need for very high refinancing in the future) ALCO is responsible for issuing instructions to the appropriate business units in order to obtain an appropriate liquidity profile,
• acceptance of changes in liquidity and funding risk limits (in LCS and ALCO RAS),
• implementation of limits within the adopted risk appetite (approved in accordance with the division of responsibilities in determining the levels of limits defined in the Policy for determining and monitoring risk appetite in the area of market risk, liquidity and capital adequacy), approving assumptions for reports and models,
• analysis of all proposed modifications to the liquidity and funding policies and submission of positively reviewed modifications to the Bank's Management Board,
• approving assumptions for reports and models used to measure, monitor and control liquidity and funding risk.
1.5. Framework risk management principles
The framework liquidity and funding risk management principles contain all material methods with respect to intraday, shorty-term, medium-term and long-term liquidity and funding risk management. This is made up of the following key elements:
• limit system and liquidity risk measurement,
• monitoring of funding sources and concentration risk,
• liquidity reserve management,
• management of intraday liquidity,
• management of hedging items,
• stress tests and contingency plans.
Limit system and liquidity risk measurement
Formal limits are set by the regulator of the banking sector and/or the Bank for various liquidity risk measures. The acceptable level of funding and liquidity risk is defined by a several-element system: the general level of the Bank's acceptable risk, which is approved by the Bank's Supervisory Board, and the system of limits, which is approved in accordance with the division of responsibilities in determining the levels of limits defined in the Policy for determining and monitoring risk appetite. in the area of market risk, liquidity and capital adequacy. The Supervisory Board is provided with information on compliance with the measures, minimum on a quarterly basis.
The limit level is based on the Bank's strategic objectives, identified liquidity risks, results of stress tests and the principles set forth by regulatory authorities. The limits are taken into account in planning processes (implementation of the approved plans may not result in the limits being exceeded). In most instances, the limits have a pre-defined warning level, set above (or below) supervisory limits. The admissible liquidity risk level is determined and updated minimum once a year.
The limit system is more detailed than the risk level approved by the Supervisory Board. The admissible risk level is guaranteed by risk monitoring in various reports concerning liquidity and funding risk in the course of the Bank's normal/regular activity and in extraordinary/extreme situations. Inter alia, the Bank monitors funding concentration risk, the internal liquidity safety buffer and verifies the stability of external funding.
On a weekly basis, the Bank’s Management Board receives a liquidity risk report with information on key liquidity measures, On a monthly basis, the Bank’s Management Board and the ALCO Committee receive comprehensive information on liquidity risk.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) and net stable funding ratio (NSFR)
In accordance with the obligations and principles set out in Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council, as amended by Regulation (EU) No 2019/876 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Delegated Regulations (EU) 2015/61 and 2018/1620, the Bank calculates supervisory liquidity measures:
• short-term liquidity measures (LCR – Liquidity Covered Ratio) – this is to ensure that the Bank holds adequate liquid high quality assets to cover liquidity needs for 30 calendar days in stress conditions. In 2022 a limit of 100% applied,
• long-term liquidity measures (NSFR – Net Stable Funding Ratio) – this is to ensure a minimum level of available funding in medium- and long-term. In 2022, the regulatory cap was 100%.
The Bank is obliged to report the liquidity measures to the regulator on a monthly and quarterly basis.
At the end of 2022 and 2021, the supervisory liquidity measures were:
Liquidity measures
Minimum value
2022
2021
LCR
Liquidity coverage ratio
100%
156%
167%
NSFR
Net stable funding ratio
100%
157%
160%
Herebelow there is a breakdown of level 1 liquid assets used by the Bank to calculate the LCR ratio (as defined in the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 2015/61) as at 2022 and 2021 yearend. Level 1 liquid assets cover assets characterised with very high liquidity and credit quality.
Level 1 liquid assets
2022
2021
Cash
932.6
599.1
Cash in nostro accounts with the Central Bank net of the required reserve
3.3
16.6
Other exposures to the Central Bank (O/N deposit, cash bills)
3,713.0
0.0
Unencumbered Treasury bonds
30,302.6
29,195.7
Unencumbered European Investment Bank bonds
6,513.3
6,034.9
Unencumbered BGK bonds
1,559.4
2,128.4
Total
43,024.2
37,974.7
In level 1 liquid assets, securities are presented by their market value. The Bank’s liquidity position is reduced by encumbered securities (constituting collateral, blocked) and increased by securities received as hedged by reverse- repo transactions.
Additional liquidity monitoring measures (ALMM)
In compliance with the Commission Implementing Regulations (EU) 2016/313, the Bank reports a set of additional monitoring rations for liquidity reporting. The reports include:
• mismatch by maturity,
• financial concentration by counterparty,
• financial concentration by product type,
• prices for various financing periods,
• prolonged financing,
• concentration of ability to balance liquidity by issuer.
Internal liquidity reports
Another major element in the Bank's liquidity management risk process covers internally defined reports presenting detailed and varied approach by the Bank to measurement and management of the risk. The Bank models liquidity characteristics, both of its assets and liabilities in order to provide for clients’ anticipated/actual behaviour. Modelling is mixed. This means than an analysis of clients’ behaviour relies on historic data and expert judgment.
A structural liquidity report is one of such internal liquidity reports. The report presents the gap between the Bank's assets and liabilities in time buckets on correctly functioning markets. The report is used to monitor and manage medium- and long-term liquidity positions. It serves as a support in the planning process of the balance sheet and funding. It also indicates all major funding needs in the future.
The report is a scenario for the current balance sheet in normal market conditions. It does not cover any additional projections of balance sheet development. However, it provides for clients’ typical behaviour observed in previous periods. For instance: cash flows under mortgage loans, cash loans, loans in the current account provide for prepayments and cash flows for savings accounts and current accounts are allocated subject to characteristics of liquidity.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
Report of structural liquidity
1-6 months
7-12 months
1-5 years
6-10 years
11-15 years
over 15 years
2022
Liquidity gap
22,716.6
12,476.3
33,982.0
-7,574.5
-51,756.4
-9,844.0
Cumulative liquidity gap
22,716.6
35,192.9
69,174.9
61,600.4
9,844.0
0.0
2021
Liquidity gap
34,147.4
13,386.0
28,252.4
1,174.0
-69,134.0
-7,825.9
Cumulative liquidity gap
34,147.4
47,533.4
75,785.8
76,959.9
7,825.9
0.0
Monitoring of funding sources and concentration risk
Minimum once a year, the Bank determines the Bank's overall business strategy and the resultant medium-term (3 years) financial plan with a general risk strategy. Financial plan is an indispensable element of the strategy which provides for an effective diversification of funding sources and tenors.
ALCO actively manages the funding base. Additionally, it monitors funding sources in order to:
• verify compliance with the strategy and financial plan,
• identify potential risks related to funding.
Customers’ deposits (retail and corporate) are the core funding source for ING Bank Śląski S.A. The Bank monitors the funding structure and thus verifies concentration risk by analysing its deposit base split into:
• type of financing,
• client segment,
• product type,
• currencies,
• geographical region, and
• concentration of large deposits.
Periodical analyses also monitor the risk generated by related clients (within Groups).
The existing funding structure is well diversified. Below is the funding structure as at 2022 and 2021 yearend, split into direct and mutual funding. Direct funding covers products where transaction is "one-sided": funds are taken and then repaid. Mutual funding covers products where funding is simultaneously given and taken (in separate
currencies or in separate products). Direct funding is provided mainly by retail and corporate clients while mutual funding comprised primarily funds acquired from other banks.
Direct funding:
2022
2021
Core client segments
direct funding
share
direct funding
share
Banks
139
0.1%
3,563
1.9%
Corporate clients
71,830
34.4%
55,035
28.9%
Retail clients
117,813
56.4%
113,848
59.8%
Own issue / subordinated loan
1,641
0.8%
1,610
0.8%
Equity
17,459
8.3%
16,307
8.6%
Mutual funding:
2022
2021
Core client segments
mutual funding
share
mutual funding
share
Banks
23,494
95.0%
27,626
100.0%
Corporate clients
1,235
5.0%
0
0.0%
Liquidity reserve management
Maintenance of an adequate liquidity buffer is a major element in managing the Bank’s liquidity. The liquidity buffer presents the available liquidity, required to cover the gap between cumulative outflows and inflows within a relatively short time. It covers assets that are “unencumbered” and easily available to acquire liquidity. Unencumbered assets are understood as assets that are free of any legal, regulatory, contractual restrictions to have them disposed of by the Bank. The liquidity buffer is crucial in the times of a crisis when the Bank has to obtain liquidity in a short time when the standard funding sources are unavailable or insufficient.
The liquidity buffer is maintained as a safeguard against materialisation of various extraordinary scenarios, providing for needs of additional liquidity which may arise at any time in extraordinary circumstances and in normal conditions.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
The table below presents the structure of the liquid asset buffer as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021:
2022
2021
Structure of the liquidity buffer
share
share
Treasury bonds or bonds issued by the central bank (PLN)
60.1%
61.8%
Treasury bonds or bonds issued by the central bank (EUR)
14.3%
12.3%
bonds of BGK and EIB
25.6%
25.9%
The Bank provides for realistic reductions due to impairment of securities with the level thereof being regularly reviewed and approved by ALCO. The reductions are assessed inter alia on the basis of market liquidity and depth, volatility of market prices, requirements of the central bank.
The Bank also observes asset concentrations ensuring their safe diversification in terms of issuer, maturity and currency.
Management of intraday liquidity
The Bank actively manages positions and risks of short-term (one-day and intraday) liquidity in order to comply with its payment and settlement obligations when due in normal market conditions and in extraordinary/stress situations.
The intraday liquidity management process is critical for correct functioning of the Bank as a whole and applies to normal market conditions and extraordinary (crisis) situations. It is a component of current operational liquidity management. Managing its intraday liquidity, the Bank applies intraday ratios. Intraday liquidity ratios are monitored on an ongoing basis and presented to the competent liquidity risk management units and to ALCO.
Intraday liquidity management includes the maintenance of readiness to comply with the Bank’s obligations also in crisis circumstances. In this connection, it is necessary to maintain an adequate liquidity buffer on the basis of information on the potential worsening of the Bank's access to intraday liquidity as a result of a market stress. In order to maintain an adequate liquidity buffer, the Bank applies intraday stress tests in its stress test program.
Management of hedging items
The management of hedging items covers both positions under CSA and GIMRA contracts as well as positions of liquid assets related to operations with the central bank. This is performed on the level corresponding to the provided services, the Bank's portfolio, funding profile and liquidity requirements.
Most of the Bank's counterparties in derivative transactions have signed Credit Support Annexes (CSA) to ISDA agreements. They regulate the issue of support to portfolios of derivative transactions. They provide for the right to demand margin deposits by parties whose valuation of the portfolio is positive on a specific day (the party’s portfolio is in-the-money) and the right to demand release of the margin when the valuation changes. Within the strategy of setting margins for each counterparty to CSA, the transaction portfolio is measured daily for margin requirements.
Derivative instruments such as FRA and IRS are settled via CCP (Central Clearing Party) clearing houses. This provides for effective management of margin deposits and mitigates the counterparty settlement risk. ING Bank Śląski S.A. has signed agreements with KDPW CCP and London Clearing House (LCH) and EUREX.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
152
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
1.6. Analysis of the maturity of financial assets and liabilities according to contractual payment terms
The tables below present financial assets and liabilities (excluding valuation of derivatives) split by remaining (from the reporting date) contractual maturities. The presented values provide for future interest payments. With respect to contingent liabilities granted, the maturity analysis covers the closest possible performance of the liabilities by the Bank.
2022
without
a specific date
up to 1 month
1- 12 months
1-5 years
over 5 years
Financial assets, including:
21,964.2
10,624.8
31,750.1
115,852.4
114,601.8
Cash in hand and balances with the Central Bank
2,297.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Loans and other receivables to other banks
329.1
782.9
261.3
2,320.2
0.0
Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss (excluding the valuation of derivatives)
1.8
523.0
95.9
590.4
120.8
Investment securities
120.9
3,796.3
1,979.6
42,954.7
7,400.0
Loans and other receivables to customers
19,214.7
5,511.3
29,399.7
69,987.1
107,081.0
Other assets
0.0
11.3
13.6
0.0
0.0
Financial Liabilities, including:
169,541.8
9,961.9
16,220.2
771.8
2,735.0
Liabilities to other banks
573.1
10.0
74.7
0.0
0.0
Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss (excluding the valuation of derivatives)
0.0
164.2
12.1
412.1
178.7
Liabilities to customers
168,968.7
7,267.9
15,451.6
107.3
447.1
Subordinated liabilities
0.0
3.3
55.9
237.5
1,735.2
Other liabilities
0.0
2,516.5
625.9
14.9
374.0
Contingent liabilities granted
3,197.8
565.2
16,773.6
16,384.4
13,061.9
2021
without
a specific date
up to 1 month
1- 12 months
1-5 years
over 5 years
Financial assets, including:
17,242.4
7,355.8
28,820.3
89,297.1
78,325.0
Cash in hand and balances with the Central Bank
1,099.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Loans and other receivables to other banks
95.0
309.8
320.5
2,459.2
0.0
Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss (excluding the valuation of derivatives)
4.8
536.6
37.8
577.5
133.3
Investment securities
167.4
1,173.1
3,642.4
35,409.3
10,717.6
Loans and other receivables to customers
15,875.3
5,332.4
24,808.8
50,851.1
67,474.1
Other assets
0.0
3.9
10.8
0.0
0.0
Financial Liabilities, including:
168,216.8
7,498.6
1,733.8
399.3
2,603.2
Liabilities to other banks
656.8
5,545.2
14.4
0.0
0.0
Financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss (excluding the valuation of derivatives)
0.0
244.4
0.0
211.5
274.7
Liabilities to customers
167,560.0
822.5
1,229.9
124.0
367.9
Subordinated liabilities
0.0
0.8
14.9
47.0
1,666.1
Other liabilities
0.0
885.7
474.6
16.8
294.5
Contingent liabilities granted
3,239.6
975.3
16,048.5
16,061.6
15,065.1
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
153
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
The tables below present a maturity analysis of derivative financial instruments with a negative valuation as at the reporting date. The analysis is based on remaining contractual maturities.
Derivative financial instruments settled in net amounts
Derivative financial instruments settled by the Bank on a net basis cover IRS, FRA, options and FX Forward NDF transactions. The data in tables reflect – in case of IRS transactions – non-discounted future interest cash flows; in case of other transactions, the cash flows equivalent to the valuation as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 respectively.
2022
up to 1 month
1- 12 months
1-5 years
over 5 years
IRS transactions, of which:
1,183.8
4,151.3
-2,028.7
-1,030.1
hedging transactions in hedge accounting
345.5
1,053.3
-1,045.6
-878.0
other derivatives
-27.5
-66.2
-29.5
0.0
2021
up to 1 month
1- 12 months
1-5 years
over 5 years
IRS transactions, of which:
171.0
263.2
95.8
328.7
hedging transactions in hedge accounting
95.0
100.4
-112.8
59.1
other derivatives
-4.0
-28.8
-4.0
0.0
Derivative instruments settled in gross amounts
Derivative financial instruments settled by the Bank on a gross basis cover FX Swap, FX Forward and CIRS transactions. The data in tables reflect non-discounted contractual cash outflows and inflows of nominals and – in case of CIRS transactions – as interest, as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 respectively.
2022
up to 1 month
1- 12 months
1-5 years
outflows
-5,244.5
-8,133.8
-2,160.2
inflows
5,143.3
7,726.5
2,126.2
2021
up to 1 month
1- 12 months
1-5 years
outflows
-13,422.6
-7,613.2
-1,200.5
inflows
13,290.2
7,416.1
1,209.0
1.7. Centralised organisation of the risk management process
The liquidity risk management process is fully centralised in treasury and risk management functions. Liquidity risk (along with the generated liquidity position) of each business line is transferred to the Centre of Expertise Treasury for central management.
The Bank provides for costs and benefits of various types of liquidity risks in the system of internal transfer pricing, in its measurement of profitability and the approval process of new products in all major business areas (both on- and off-balance sheet). The Centre of Expertise Treasury manages the positions transferred to its books over the risk transfer system, including the management of liquidity risk related to resetting the premium for liquidity.
In order to ensure correct, independent and centralised performance of the tasks in the liquidity risk management process (including risk management and reporting as well as preparation, review and updates of documentation), the Bank operates the Market Risk Management Department which reports to a Deputy President of the Management Board.
1.8. Reporting and liquidity risk management system
Liquidity risk reporting and measurement processes are automated. The Bank holds tools automatically generating a set of liquidity reports on a daily or monthly basis. Information of risk measures supports ongoing monitoring of liquidity profiles and control of basic measures. The reports on liquidity risk are submitted to units involved in the risk management process.
Income statement
Statement
of comprehensive income
Statement
of financial position
Statement
of changes in equity
Cash flow statement
Accounting policy
and additional notes
Risk and capital management
154
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ING Bank Śląski S.A.
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Annual financial statements for the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022
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Data in PLN milion
V. Other risks
1.1. ESG risk
In accordance with the approach presented in the ECB Guide on climate-related and environmental risks 2020 and the EBA Report on management and supervision of ESG risks for credit institutions and investment firms 2021 , the Bank does not treat ESG risk as a separate risk category, but as a reinforcing factor existing at the Bank basic risk categories (credit, market, liquidity and funding risks as well as non-financial risks). The Bank defines ESG risk as the risk of a negative financial impact of ESG factors on the Bank - the risk of their direct or indirect impact (indirect - through the impact of these factors on the Bank's clients/contractors).
The Bank manages ESG risk by incorporating its identification, measurement, assessment, mitigation, monitoring and reporting mechanisms into standard processes as part of credit, market, operational, liquidity and funding risk management as well as non-financial risk management. Due to the exceptional nature of this risk (expected intensification of this risk in the future), the Bank adapted its organizational structure to manage it in the best possible way and to ensure effective supervision over it and to ensure the intensity of work related to the implementation of mechanisms related to this risk.
At the beginning of 2022, the Supervisory Board approved the Risk Management Strategy, in which the key objectives for 2022-2024 include the continuation of activities aimed at better identification, measurement and assessment of ESG risk, as well as activities to ensure compliance of the bank's policies, procedures and processes with requirements resulting from external regulations.
As at the date of the report, the ESG risk management policy was in force at the Bank - a document specifying the method of ESG risk management at the Bank, including the method of incorporating ESG risk management into the existing framework for credit, market, liquidity and funding risk management as well as non-financial risk.
ESG risk management organizational structure
The Bank's Management Board, Supervisory Board and management staff attach particular importance to the identification of risks and opportunities as well as ESG risk management at the Bank. Among other things, the Management Board initiated the creation of appropriate organizational structures that ensure a comprehensive approach to the topic of ESG from the point of view of risk management, business issues and reporting / disclosures as well as the appropriate flow of information and knowledge sharing between units responsible for individual ESG aspects, the Management Board and other employees.
The Management Board has established a comprehensive ESG Program coordinating ESG issues within separate working teams focused on risk, business and reporting/disclosure issues.
Supervision over ESG risk management was entrusted to the Member of the Bank's Management Board supervising the CRO Division.
By decision of the Management Board of the Bank, on 8 February 2022, the ESG Risk Committee was established in the form of a standing committee. The main tasks of the ESG Risk Committee are:
• creating an ESG risk management policy,
• approving the ESG risk management methodology,
• approving tools used for ESG risk assessment,
• defining standards for credit analysis of ESG risk and the course of the ESG risk assessment and monitoring process, as well as the rules for taking ESG risk into account in collateral valuation.
Within the CRO Division, an ESG Risk Team was established within the Risk Regulation Department responsible for managing ESG risk and initiating and coordinating further activities aimed at comprehensive implementation of this risk management to the existing credit, market, liquidity and operational risk management system and meeting expectations indicated in supervisory documents.
ESG risk management principles
The environmental and social risk assessment covers the client and the transaction. The Bank makes the assessment to the best of its knowledge. At the customer level, the Bank assesses whether the activity is conducted with respect for human rights, the principles of environmental protection and whether it is not covered by the exclusion policy. At the transaction level, the Bank assesses whether it is compliant with the requirements of specific policies.
The Bank does not establish relations with corporate clients whose core business is covered by the exclusion policy of ING Bank Śląski. The Bank does not grant new exposures directly financing activities related to thermal coal, including steam coal mines (new and existing) as well as power plants and coal-fired CHP plants. The Bank does not provide financing related to controversial weapons, including the production, maintenance or trade of anti- personnel mines, cluster munitions, phosphorus bombs, munitions containing depleted uranium and nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. The Bank does not provide new financing to customers involved in the cultivation, processing, production and sale of tobacco and tobacco products as well as e-cigarettes. Exclusions also cover activities related to asbestos, fur farming and gambling. The Bank does not establish relations with companies that
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violate human rights, have a negative impact on protected areas (e.g. the Ramsar Convention), violate the rules ensuring animal welfare, harvest with harmful methods, harvest timber illegally or harmfully, dismantle ships without appropriate environmental certification. Past relationships with these types of customers have ended or an exit path is agreed.
The Bank identifies and properly manages relations with corporate clients who operate in areas more vulnerable to social or environmental threats. The Bank applies detailed policies that are designed to support environmental protection and minimize risks in exposed business areas.
Assessment of the ESG risk of credit customers and the assessment of ESG risk at the portfolio level (by sector) is performed as part of the standard credit risk management process.
The Bank took into account the definition of ESG risk in its internal regulations on credit risk and indicated factors of transformation risk and physical climate risk (chronic and sudden) that may have a potential impact on the client's financial results and, as a result, on the quality of the credit portfolio ( Credit Risk Management Policy , ESG Manual ).
From the point of view of ESG risk, the Bank assesses the client in accordance with the double materiality rule, i.e. taking into account both the impact of environmental, climatic and social factors on the client's financial results, as well as the potential impact of the client's activity on the environment, which may in the future result in the risk of transformation. This is in line with the approach presented in the EBA Report on management and supervision of ESG risks for credit institutions and investment firms 2021 .
When examining the potential impact of ESG factors and climate risk on the client's financial results, the Bank focuses on significant risk factors and assesses the client's sensitivity to ESG factors (whether they may increase credit risk) and the client's ability to mitigate this risk, e.g. by having a strategy / action plan regarding the transition to environmentally sustainable operations and other factors mitigating ESG risk. If a high level of ESG risk is identified, it is possible to appeal (downgrade) the customer's rating.
1.2. Non-financial risks
Non-financial risk includes operational and compliance risk management functions based on a common framework defining clear rules and standards for risk identification, assessment, monitoring, mitigation and reporting. The Bank manages non-financial risk in accordance with the Strategy adopted by the Bank's Management Board and the Declaration of Appetite for Non-Financial Risk, which defines limits and risk tolerance. Compliance with the declared risk appetite is monitored using the periodic Non-Financial Risk Report (NFRD). In addition, the Bank has a Non- Financial Risk Committee appointed by the Bank's Management Board, which performs advisory functions for the Bank's Management Board in the field of non-financial risk management. The Supervisory Board, with the support of
the Risk Committee, supervises the management of operational risk by the Management Board and assesses the effectiveness of activities in this area at least once a year.
The common non-financial risk management framework allows the Bank to actively identify the main threats and gaps as well as the related risks that may cause undesirable events. They are supported by processes such as risk and control self-assessment, scenario analysis, monitoring of key risk indicators and testing of key controls. The results of analyzes of internal and external events constantly improve the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system functioning at the Bank.
The Bank is convinced that an effective control environment is necessary to build and maintain a sustainable business, as well as maintain and increase the trust of customers, employees and shareholders.
1.2.1 Operational risk
The Bank’s objective in operational risk management is to ensure regular improvement of the safety of the Bank and its clients, reduction of operating costs and improvement of operating effectiveness.
The Bank’s Management Board – subject to approval of the Supervisory Board – has developed a strategy of operational risk management. The Bank's management strategy of operational risk provides for legal and regulatory requirements and relies on good practices of the ING Group.
Additionally, the Management Board – also in agreement with the Supervisory Board – in its risk appetite statement defined the maximum acceptable loss limits, capital limits and risk scope that it is willing to accept in the pursuance of the planned business objectives – subject to full compliance with the law and regulations. The level of limit utilisation is monitored and periodically submitted to the Management Board, Risk Committee and the Supervisory Board.
The operational risk management system applies to all business spheres of the Bank and the activity of the Group, cooperation with clients, providers and partners. It is a cohesive, regular practice that covers the following elements:
• risk identification and assessment,
• mitigation or risks and monitoring of mitigation activities,
• performance of inspections,
• quality monitoring and assurance.
The Bank has a coherent and continuously updated set of internal normative documents in relation to operational risk management. The documents regulate the scope, principles and duties of organisational units and employees
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to mitigate the effects and likelihood of financial and reputational losses in that respect. Knowledge of risk management issues, including risk awareness among the Bank's employees, is strengthened through a series of training and awareness-raising programmes.
1.2.2 Compliance risk
The Bank's mission in the field of ensuring compliance is to build a corporate culture based on knowledge and compliance with the law, internal regulations, market standards and ING Values and Behaviors, as defined in the Orange Code.
The Bank's Supervisory Board oversees compliance risk management, and the Bank's Management Board is responsible for effective compliance risk management, including:
• implementation of organizational solutions, regulations and procedures enabling effective compliance risk management and
• ensuring adequate resources and funds required for the implementation of tasks.
The Center of Expertise - Compliance is an organisationally separate, independent unit responsible for the organization and operation of the compliance risk management process. The aim of the Center of Expertise - Compliance is to develop solutions for identifying, assessing, controlling and monitoring the risk of non-compliance of the Bank's operations with the law, internal regulations and market standards, and to present reports in this area. Compliance activities are aimed at active participation of the Bank's employees in compliance risk management by shaping a risk culture based on knowledge and compliance with the law, internal regulations and market standards.
1.2.3 Transaction security and stability of IT systems
The security of customers' and partners' funds and data is a key issue to which the Bank pays special attention in its daily activities. It monitors threats on an ongoing basis and analyzes their impact on the ICT infrastructure (applications, systems, networks), as well as business processes, processes of its partners and service providers, and their potential impact on customers. On this basis, the Bank designs and implements appropriate organizational and technical solutions in the areas of prevention, detection and response. The Bank's ICT systems are protected by multi-layered cybersecurity mechanisms and systems.
1.2.4 Personal data security
The stability of IT systems also means protection of personal data of customers, business partners and employees. However, apart from IT security, the Bank also cares about the physical security of data and information stored in
the Bank and constantly improves its approach to the protection of personal data. The Bank's internal regulations strictly define the admissibility and rules for the presence of third parties in the offices and exclude connecting unverified devices to the bank's ICT network. Physical security is regularly tested, and the conclusions of the inspection inspire changes. Testing of physical security and all methods of remote access to the systems has become an integral part of the APT tests examining the resilience of the Bank's cyber security at the Bank.
In 2022, the Bank did not find any justified complaints regarding violations of customer privacy, although administrative proceedings are pending before the Voivodship Administrative Court in five jurisdictions, and before the Supreme Administrative Court in three cases.
As part of the Polish Bank Association, the Bank cooperates with other banks in order to develop "Principles of good practice in the processing and protection of personal data in the banking sector", as well as to develop coherent solutions related to the protection of personal data.
1.3. Model risk
Model risk management is performed in compliance with the Model risk management policy at ING Bank Śląski . The Policy provides for:
• model life cycle,
• principles for assessing the materiality and risk of models,
• functioning principles of the model register,
• principles for carrying out performance monitoring and model validation,
• principles for calculating risk capital for the models and applying model capital charges.
The Model Validation Department provides a model register, which is a repository of information on the risk and valuation models operating in the Bank, and which is kept up to date by participants in the model risk management process, including model owners, validators and modellers. The register and model logs contain, among other things, information on the relevance of the models, the results of monitoring their effectiveness, and the results of model validation and their risk levels.
The Bank regularly assesses the risks of individual models and, if required, allocates capital charges for models in accordance with the principles adopted in internal regulations.
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The quality of the models' operation is verified as part of monitoring the effectiveness of the models and validating the models, during which the degree of their exposure to the sources of model risk is also assessed. Model validation is performed in accordance with the Model Validation Policy at ING Bank Śląski and validation instructions.
Management reporting to the Committees, the Management Board and the Supervisory Board of the status of activities in the field of model management and their validation includes, among others: model risk validation and assessment results, assessment of the aggregated model risk level in the context of the adopted risk tolerance level.
1.4. Business risk
Within the business risk, the Bank distinguishes one significant risk - macroeconomic risk. Macroeconomic risk is the risk resulting from changes in macroeconomic factors and their impact on the level of minimum capital requirements. The Bank manages this risk by conducting internal and supervisory stress tests on a regular basis, in accordance with the Policy of conducting stress tests , which allows for ongoing monitoring of the sensitivity of the minimum capital requirements to macroeconomic factors. In 2022, the Bank conducted full internal capital tests twice: as at the end of the fourth quarter of 2021 and at the end of the second quarter of 2022. In addition, the Bank took part in supervisory tests of the banking sector.
Based on the results of internal stress tests, in accordance with the Methodology for estimating economic capital for business risk , the Bank estimates additional economic capital to protect itself against the materialization of the tested scenario. Due to the events of the previous year, incl. war in Ukraine, dynamic changes in the macroeconomic environment and the results of stress tests, the Bank decided to allocate additional economic capital for macroeconomic risk.
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SIGNATURES OF THE MANAGEMENT BOARD MEMBERS OF ING BANK ŚLĄSKI S.A.
2023-03-15
Brunon Bartkiewicz
President
The original Polish document is signed with a qualified electronic signature
2023-03-15
Joanna Erdman
Vice-President
The original Polish document is signed with a qualified electronic signature
2023-03-15
Marcin Giżycki
Vice-President
The original Polish document is signed with a qualified electronic signature
2023-03-15
Bożena Graczyk Vice-President
The original Polish document is signed with a qualified electronic signature
2023-03-15
Ewa Łuniewska
Vice-President
The original Polish document is signed with a qualified electronic signature
2023-03-15
Michał H. Mrożek
Vice-President
The original Polish document is signed with a qualified electronic signature
2023-03-15
Sławomir Soszyński
Vice-President
The original Polish document is signed with a qualified electronic signature
2023-03-15
Alicja Żyła
Vice-President
The original Polish document is signed with a qualified electronic signature
SIGNATURE OF THE PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR ACCOUNTS
2023-03-15
Jolanta Alvarado Rodriguez
Lead of Centre of Expertise Accounting Policy and Financial Reporting
The original Polish document is signed with a qualified electronic signature